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    <us-gaap:NatureOfOperations contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Nature of Business&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Monopar Therapeutics Inc. (&amp;#8220;Monopar&amp;#8221;&#13;or the &amp;#8220;Company&amp;#8221;) is an emerging biopharmaceutical company focused on developing innovative drugs and drug combinations&#13;to improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Monopar currently has three compounds in development: Validive&amp;#174; (clonidine&#13;mucobuccal tablet; clonidine MBT), a Phase 3-ready, first-in-class mucoadhesive buccal anti-inflammatory tablet for the prevention&#13;and treatment of chemoradiation-induced severe oral mucositis (&amp;#8220;SOM&amp;#8221;) in oropharyngeal cancer&amp;#160;patients; camsirubicin&#13;(generic name for GPX-150; 5-imino-13-deoxydoxorubicin), a proprietary Phase 2 clinical-stage topoisomerase II-alpha targeted&amp;#160;analog&#13;of doxorubicin engineered specifically to retain anticancer activity while minimizing toxic effects on the heart; and MNPR-101&#13;(formerly huATN-658), a pre-IND stage humanized monoclonal antibody, which targets the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor&#13;(&amp;#8220;uPAR&amp;#8221;), for the treatment of advanced solid cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company was originally formed&#13;in the State of Delaware on December 5, 2014 as a limited liability company (&amp;#8220;LLC&amp;#8221;) and on December 16, 2015 converted&#13;to a C Corporation in a tax-free exchange at which time the Company effected a 1 for 10 reverse stock split. All references to&#13;preferred stock and common stock authorized take into account the 1 for 10 reverse stock split. In March 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;Series A Preferred Stock and Series Z Preferred Stock converted into common stock at a conversion rate of 1.2 for 1 and 1 for 1,&#13;respectively, which eliminated all shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series Z Preferred Stock along with a concurrent common&#13;stock split of 70 for 1. All references to common stock authorized, issued and outstanding and common stock options take into account&#13;the 70 for 1 stock split.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Liquidity&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company has incurred an accumulated&#13;loss of approximately $21.7 million as of December 31, 2018. To date, the Company has primarily funded its operations with the&#13;net proceeds from private placements of convertible preferred stock and of common stock and from the cash provided in the camsirubicin&#13;asset purchase transaction. Management believes that currently available resources will provide sufficient funds to enable the&#13;Company to meet its minimum obligations through March 2020. The Company&amp;#8217;s ability to fund its future operations, including&#13;the clinical development of Validive, is dependent primarily upon its ability to execute on its business strategy and obtain additional&#13;funding and/or execute collaboration research transactions. There can be no certainty that future financing or collaborative research&#13;transactions will occur.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
    <us-gaap:NatureOfOperations contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Nature of Business&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Monopar Therapeutics Inc. (&amp;#8220;Monopar&amp;#8221;&#13;or the &amp;#8221;Company&amp;#8221;) is an emerging biopharmaceutical company focused on developing innovative drugs and drug combinations&#13;to improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Monopar currently has three compounds in development: Validive&amp;#174; (clonidine&#13;mucobuccal tablet; clonidine MBT), a Phase 3-ready, first-in-class mucoadhesive buccal anti-inflammatory tablet for the prevention&#13;and treatment of radiation induced severe oral mucositis (&amp;#8220;SOM&amp;#8221;) in oropharyngeal cancer&amp;#160;patients; camsirubicin&#13;(generic name for MNPR-201, GPX-150; 5-imino-13-deoxydoxorubicin), a proprietary Phase 2 clinical stage topoisomerase II-alpha&#13;targeted&amp;#160;analog of doxorubicin engineered specifically to retain anticancer activity while minimizing toxic effects on the&#13;heart; and MNPR-101 (formerly huATN-658), a pre-IND stage humanized monoclonal antibody, which targets the urokinase plasminogen&#13;activator receptor (&amp;#8220;uPAR&amp;#8221;), for the treatment of advanced solid cancers.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company was originally formed in&#13;the State of Delaware on December 5, 2014 as a limited liability company (&amp;#8220;LLC&amp;#8221;) and on December 16, 2015 converted&#13;to a C Corporation in a tax-free exchange at which time the Company effected a 1 for 10 reverse stock split. All references to&#13;preferred stock and common stock authorized take into account the 1 for 10 reverse stock split. In March 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;Series A Preferred Stock and Series Z Preferred Stock converted into common stock at a conversion rate of 1.2 for 1 and 1 for 1,&#13;respectively, which eliminated all shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series Z Preferred Stock along with a concurrent common&#13;stock split of 70 for 1. All references to common stock authorized, issued and outstanding and common stock options take into account&#13;the 70 for 1 stock split.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Liquidity&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company has incurred an accumulated&#13;deficit of approximately $23.9 million as of June 30, 2019. To date, the Company has primarily funded its operations with the net&#13;proceeds from private placements of convertible preferred stock and of common stock and from the cash provided in the camsirubicin&#13;asset purchase transaction. Management believes that currently available resources will provide sufficient funds to enable the&#13;Company to meet its minimum obligations through September 2020. The Company&amp;#8217;s ability to fund its future operations, including&#13;the clinical development of Validive and camsirubicin, is dependent primarily upon its ability to execute its business strategy,&#13;to obtain additional funding and/or to execute collaboration research transactions. There can be no certainty that future financing&#13;or collaborative research transactions will occur.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
    <us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Basis of Presentation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;These consolidated financial statements&#13;include the books of Monopar Therapeutics Inc., its French branch, its wholly-owned French subsidiary, Monopar Therapeutics, SARL&#13;and its wholly-owned Australian subsidiary, Monopar Therapeutics Pty Ltd and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles&#13;generally accepted in the United States (&amp;#8220;GAAP&amp;#8221;) and include all disclosures required by GAAP for financial reporting.&#13;The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below and have been consistently&#13;applied in all periods presented. The Company has been primarily involved in performing research activities, developing product&#13;candidates, and raising capital to support and expand these activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Certain reclassifications have been&#13;made to the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 to conform to the year ended&#13;December 31, 2017 presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s net loss, total assets, or stockholders&amp;#8217;&#13;equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Functional Currency&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company's consolidated functional&#13;currency is the U.S. Dollar. The Company's Australian subsidiary and French subsidiary use the Australian Dollar and European Euro,&#13;respectively, as their functional currency. At each quarter end, each foreign subsidiary's balance sheets are translated into U.S.&#13;Dollars based upon the quarter-end exchange rate, while their statements of operations and comprehensive loss are translated into&#13;U.S. Dollars based upon an average exchange rate during the period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Comprehensive Loss&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Comprehensive loss represents net loss&#13;plus any gains or losses not reported in the statements of operations, such as foreign currency translations gains and losses that&#13;are typically reflected on a company&amp;#8217;s statements of stockholders&amp;#8217; equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Use of Estimates&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The preparation of financial statements&#13;in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,&#13;disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the consolidated financial statements&#13;and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Going Concern Assessment&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standards&#13;Updates (&amp;#8220;ASU&amp;#8221;) 2014-15, &lt;i&gt;Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity&amp;#8217;s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,&lt;/i&gt;&#13;which the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&amp;#8220;FASB&amp;#8221;) issued to provide guidance on determining when and how reporting&#13;companies must disclose going-concern uncertainties in their financial statements. The ASU requires management to perform interim&#13;and annual assessments of an entity&amp;#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date of issuance of the&#13;entity&amp;#8217;s financial statements (or within one year after the date on which the financial statements are available to be issued,&#13;when applicable). Further, a company must provide certain disclosures if there is &amp;#8220;substantial doubt about the entity&amp;#8217;s&#13;ability to continue as a going concern.&amp;#8221; In February 2019, the Company analyzed its minimum cash requirements through March&#13;2020 and has determined that, based upon the Company&amp;#8217;s current available cash, the Company has no substantial doubt about&#13;its ability to continue as a going concern.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cash Equivalents&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company considers all highly liquid&#13;investments purchased with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents as of December 31,&#13;2018 and 2017 consist entirely of money market accounts.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Restricted Cash&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;On July 9, 2015, the Company entered&#13;into a Clinical Trial and Option Agreement (&amp;#8220;CTOA&amp;#8221;) with Cancer Research UK. Pursuant to the CTOA, the Company deposited&#13;$0.8 million into an escrow account to cover certain future indemnities, claims or potential termination costs incurred by Cancer&#13;Research UK. Restricted cash was $0 as of December 31, 2018 and $0.8 million as of December 31, 2017. In connection with a portfolio&#13;reprioritization review, on March 21, 2018, Cancer Research UK notified us that it was terminating the CTOA and transferred to&#13;us the data generated under the CTOA. These funds were released from escrow in September 2018 and were deposited into a money market&#13;account and reclassified as cash equivalents.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Prepaid Expenses&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Prepayments are expenditures for goods&#13;or services before the goods are used or the services are received and are charged to operations as the benefits are realized.&#13;Prepaid expenses include insurance premiums and software costs that are expensed monthly over the life of the contract.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Concentration of Credit Risk&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Financial instruments that potentially&#13;subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents&#13;at one financial institution. As of December 31, 2018, cash and cash equivalents were in excess of the $250,000 Federal Deposit&#13;Insurance Corporation (&amp;#8220;FDIC&amp;#8221;) insurable limit.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Fair Value of Financial Instruments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;For financial instruments consisting&#13;of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, deferred offering costs, accounts payable and accrued expenses, the carrying amounts&#13;are reasonable estimates of fair value due to their relatively short maturities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standard&#13;Codification (&amp;#8220;ASC&amp;#8221;) 820, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,&lt;/i&gt; as amended, addressing the measurement of&#13;the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities. Under this standard, fair value is defined as the price that would&#13;be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the &amp;#8220;exit price&amp;#8221;) in an orderly transaction between&#13;market participants at the measurement date.&lt;br /&gt;&#13;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In determining fair values of all reported&#13;assets and liabilities that represent financial instruments, the Company uses the carrying market values of such amounts. The standard&#13;establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use&#13;of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs reflect assumptions&#13;market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable&#13;inputs reflect a reporting entity&amp;#8217;s pricing an asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the&#13;circumstances. The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 1&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 2&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 3&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained without observable market values and require a high-level of judgment to determine the fair value.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Determining which category an asset&#13;or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each reporting&#13;period. There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2018 and&#13;2017. The following table presents the assets and liabilities recorded that are reported at fair value on our consolidated balance&#13;sheets on a recurring basis.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Assets and Liabilities Measured&#13;at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis &amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 20%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 96%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investments in a money market account at December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;December 31, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 20%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,872,982&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,872,982&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Restricted cash(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,031&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,873,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;9,673,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(1) Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;investments in two money market accounts at December 31, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 24px"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Restricted cash represents the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investments in an $800,000 certificate of deposit and $31 in a money market account at December 31, 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Net Loss per Share&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Net loss per share for the year ended&#13;December 31, 2018 is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding during the period.&#13;Diluted net loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2018 is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average shares&#13;of common stock outstanding and potential shares of common stock during the period. As of December 31, 2018, potentially dilutive&#13;securities included 1,105,896 options to purchase common stock. As of December 31, 2017, potentially dilutive securities included&#13;stock options to purchase up to 658,592 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock. For all periods presented, potentially dilutive&#13;securities are excluded from the computation of fully diluted net loss per share as their effect is anti-dilutive.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Research and Development Expenses&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Research and development (&amp;#8220;R&amp;#38;D&amp;#8221;)&#13;costs are expensed as incurred. Major components of research and development expenses include salaries and benefits paid to the&#13;Company&amp;#8217;s R&amp;#38;D staff, fees paid to consultants and to the entities that conduct certain development activities on the&#13;Company&amp;#8217;s behalf and materials and supplies.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company accrues and expenses the&#13;costs for clinical trial activities performed by third parties based upon estimates of the percentage of work completed over the&#13;life of the individual study in accordance with agreements established with contract research organizations and clinical trial&#13;sites. The Company determines the estimates through discussions with internal clinical personnel and external service providers&#13;as to progress or stage of completion of trials or services and the agreed upon fee to be paid for such services. Costs of setting&#13;up clinical trial sites for participation in the trials are expensed immediately as research and development expenses. Clinical&#13;trial site costs related to patient enrollment are accrued as patients are entered into the trial. During the years ended December&#13;31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had no clinical trials in progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;In-process Research and Development&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In-process research and development&#13;(&amp;#8220;IPR&amp;#38;D&amp;#8221;) expense represents the costs to acquire technologies to be used in research and development that have&#13;not reached technological feasibility, have no alternative future uses and thus are expensed as incurred. IPR&amp;#38;D expense also&#13;includes upfront license fees and milestones paid to collaborators for technologies with no alternative use.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Collaborative Arrangements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company and its future collaborative&#13;partner would be active participants in a collaborative arrangement and all parties would be exposed to significant risks and rewards&#13;depending on the technical and commercial success of the activities. Contractual payments to the other party in collaboration agreements&#13;and costs incurred by the Company when the Company is deemed to be the principal participant for a given transaction are recognized&#13;on a gross basis in R&amp;#38;D expenses. Royalties and license payments are recorded as earned.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the years ended December 31,&#13;2018 and 2017, no milestones were met and no royalties were earned, therefore, the Company did not pay or accrue/expense any milestone&#13;or royalty payments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Licensing Agreements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company has various agreements&#13;to license technology utilized in the development of its programs. The licenses contain success milestone obligations and royalties&#13;on future sales. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, no milestones were met and no royalties were earned, therefore,&#13;the Company did not pay or accrue/expense any milestone or royalty payments under any of its license agreements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -20pt; text-indent: 20pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Patent Costs&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company expenses costs relating&#13;to issued patents and patent applications, including costs relating to legal, renewal and application fees, as a component of general&#13;and administrative expenses in its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;From December 2014 to December 16, 2015, the&#13;Company was an LLC taxed as a partnership under the Internal Revenue Code, during which period the members separately accounted&#13;for their pro-rata share of income, deductions, losses, and credits of the Company. On December 16, 2015, the Company converted&#13;from an LLC to a C Corporation. Beginning on December 16, 2015, the Company uses an asset and liability approach for accounting&#13;for deferred income taxes, which requires recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax&#13;consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements, but have not been reflected in its taxable income.&#13;Estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of certain tax liabilities and in the determination of the recoverability of certain&#13;deferred income tax assets, which arise from temporary differences and carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities&#13;are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets&#13;and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company regularly assesses the likelihood&#13;that its deferred income tax assets will be realized from recoverable income taxes or recovered from future taxable income. To&#13;the extent that the Company believes any amounts are more likely not to be realized, the Company records a valuation allowance&#13;to reduce the deferred income tax assets. In the event the Company determines that all or part of the net deferred tax assets are&#13;not realizable in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be charged to earnings in the period such determination&#13;is made. Similarly, if the Company subsequently realizes deferred income tax assets that were previously determined to be unrealizable,&#13;the respective valuation allowance would be reversed, resulting in an adjustment to earnings in the period such determination is&#13;made.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Internal Revenue Code Section 382 provides that,&#13;after an ownership change, the amount of a loss corporation&amp;#8217;s net operating loss (&amp;#8220;NOL&amp;#8221;) for any post-change&#13;year that may be offset by pre-change losses shall not exceed the section 382 limitation for that year. Because the Company will&#13;continue to raise equity in the coming years, section 382 may limit the Company&amp;#8217;s usage of NOLs in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Based on the available evidence, the Company&#13;believed it was not likely to utilize its minimal deferred tax assets in the future and as a result, the Company recorded a full&#13;valuation allowance as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company intends to maintain the valuation allowance until sufficient&#13;evidence exists to support their reversal. The Company regularly reviews its tax positions and for a tax benefit to be recognized,&#13;the related tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. Any amount recognized is generally the&#13;largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon settlement. The Company&amp;#8217;s policy is to recognize interest&#13;and penalties related to income tax matters as an income tax expense. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company&#13;did not have any interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company is subject to U.S. Federal, Illinois&#13;and California income taxes. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws&#13;and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. The Company was incorporated on December 16, 2015 and is subject to&#13;U.S. Federal, state and local tax examinations by tax authorities for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 and for&#13;the short tax period December 16, 2015 to December 31, 2015. The Company does not anticipate significant changes to its current&#13;uncertain tax positions through December 31, 2018. The Company plans on filing its tax returns for the year ending December 31,&#13;2018 prior to the filing deadlines in all jurisdictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs&#13;Act of 2017 was enacted. The Tax Reform Bill was effective as of January 1, 2018. In accordance with ASC guidance, deferred tax&#13;assets/liabilities in the Company&amp;#8217;s financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, were reflected at&#13;the tax rate in which the deferred tax assets/liabilities are anticipated to be realized. As a result, the Company changed the&#13;tax rate for tax provision purposes commencing on December 31, 2017 from 34% to 21%.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company accounts for stock-based&#13;compensation arrangements with employees, non-employee directors and consultants using a fair value method, which requires the&#13;recognition of compensation expense for costs related to all stock-based payments, including stock options. The fair value method&#13;requires the Company to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Stock-based compensation costs for options granted to employees and non-employee directors are based on the fair&#13;value of the underlying option calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the date of grant for stock options and&#13;recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Determining the&#13;appropriate fair value model and related assumptions requires judgment, including estimating stock price volatility, forfeiture&#13;rates and expected term. The expected volatility rates are estimated based on the historical volatility of comparable public companies&#13;over a historical term equal to the expected term in duration. The Company selected these companies based on comparable characteristics,&#13;including market capitalization, stage of development and with historical share price information sufficient to meet the expected&#13;life of the stock-based awards. The expected term for options granted to date is estimated using the simplified method. Forfeitures&#13;are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.&#13;The Company has not paid dividends and does not anticipate paying a cash dividend in the future vesting period and, accordingly,&#13;uses an expected dividend yield of zero. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities&#13;consistent with the estimated expected term of the awards. The measurement of consultant share-based compensation is subject to&#13;periodic adjustments as the underlying equity instruments vest and is recognized as an expense over the period over which services&#13;are rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Recent Accounting Pronouncements&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2016-01, &lt;i&gt;Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities&lt;/i&gt;. The purpose is to enhance the reporting&#13;model for financial instruments to provide users of financial statements with more decision-useful information. The Company has&#13;adopted this ASU and determined that it does not have a material effect on its financial condition and consolidated results of&#13;operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2016-02, &lt;i&gt;Leases&lt;/i&gt;, which has been amended by ASU No. 2018-10, &lt;i&gt;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&lt;/i&gt;, which&#13;for operating leases, requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present&#13;value of the lease payments, in its balance sheet. The standard also requires a lessee to recognize a single lease cost, calculated&#13;so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term, generally on a straight-line basis. This ASU was further amended&#13;by ASU No. 2018-11, &lt;i&gt;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&lt;/i&gt;, issued in July 2018. The ASU 2018-11 is intended to reduce&#13;costs and ease implementation of the &lt;i&gt;Leases&lt;/i&gt; standard for financial statement preparers. ASU 2018-11 provides a new transition&#13;method and a practical expedient for separating components of a contract. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company in the&#13;first quarter of 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting&#13;standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2017-01, &lt;i&gt;Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#8220;ASU No. 2017-01&amp;#8221;).&#13;The amendments in ASU No. 2017-01 clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities&#13;with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition&#13;of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill and consolidation. For public companies,&#13;the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods.&#13;For all other companies and organizations, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and&#13;interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company has adopted this ASU and determined it does&#13;not have a material impact on its financial condition and consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the&#13;year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No.&#13;2017-09, &lt;i&gt;Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting&lt;/i&gt;. The amendment amends the scope of&#13;modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements, provides guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions&#13;of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting under ASC 718. This ASU is&#13;effective for all entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017.&#13;The Company has adopted this ASU and determined that it does not have a material effect on its financial condition and consolidated&#13;results of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No.&#13;2017-11, &lt;i&gt;Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480) Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)&#13;(Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral&#13;for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling&#13;Interests with a Scope Exception&lt;/i&gt;. This ASU simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features,&#13;a provision in an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) that provides a downward adjustment of the current exercise&#13;price based on the price of future equity offerings. Down round features are common in warrants, convertible preferred shares,&#13;and convertible debt instruments issued by private companies and development-stage public companies. This new ASU requires companies&#13;to disregard the down round feature when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of determining&#13;liability or equity classification. The provisions of this new ASU related to down rounds are effective for public business entities&#13;for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. For all other entities, the&#13;amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning&#13;after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting&#13;this new accounting standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-03, &lt;i&gt;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments &amp;#8211; Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition&#13;and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities&lt;/i&gt;, that clarifies the guidance in ASU No. 2016-01, &lt;i&gt;Financial&#13;Instruments &amp;#8211; Overall (Subtopic 825-10)&lt;/i&gt;. For public business entities, ASU 2018-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning&#13;after June 15, 2018. Public business entities with fiscal years beginning between December 15, 2017, and June 15, 2018, are not&#13;required to adopt ASU 2018-03 until the interim period beginning after June 15, 2018. The Company has early adopted this ASU and&#13;determined that it does not have a material effect on its financial condition and consolidated results of operations and comprehensive&#13;loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-05, &lt;i&gt;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118.&lt;/i&gt; This&#13;ASU amends certain SEC material on Topic 740 for the income tax accounting implications of the recently issued Tax Cuts and JOBS&#13;Act. ASU 2018-05 is effective upon inclusion in the FASB Codification. The Company has adopted this ASU and determined it does&#13;not have a material impact on its financial condition and consolidated results of operations and comprehensive loss for the year&#13;ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No.&#13;2018-07, &lt;i&gt;Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting&lt;/i&gt;. The ASU&#13;is intended to reduce the cost and complexity and to improve financial reporting for nonemployee share-based payments. The ASU&#13;expands the scope of Topic 718, &lt;i&gt;Compensation&amp;#8212;Stock Compensation&lt;/i&gt; (which currently only includes share-based payments&#13;to employees) to include share-based payments issued to nonemployees for goods or services. Consequently, the accounting for share-based&#13;payments to nonemployees and employees will be substantially aligned. The ASU supersedes Subtopic 505-50, &lt;i&gt;Equity&amp;#8212;Equity-Based&#13;Payments to Non-Employees&lt;/i&gt;. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December&#13;15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. For all other companies, the amendments are effective for fiscal years&#13;beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is&#13;permitted, but no earlier than a company&amp;#8217;s adoption date of Topic 606, &lt;i&gt;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&lt;/i&gt;. The&#13;Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on its consolidated financial statements&#13;and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-13, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&amp;#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair&#13;Value Measurement.&lt;/i&gt; The ASU modifies, and in certain cases eliminates, the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements&#13;in Topic 820. The amendments in ASU No. 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those&#13;fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed&#13;or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective&#13;date. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on its consolidated financial&#13;statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Basis of Presentation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;These condensed consolidated financial&#13;statements include the financial results of Monopar Therapeutics Inc., its French branch, its wholly-owned French subsidiary, Monopar&#13;Therapeutics, SARL, and its wholly-owned Australian subsidiary, Monopar Therapeutics Pty Ltd and have been prepared in accordance&#13;with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (&amp;#8220;GAAP&amp;#8221;) and include all disclosures required by&#13;GAAP for interim financial reporting. All intercompany accounts have been eliminated. The principal accounting policies applied&#13;in the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements are set out below and have been consistently applied in&#13;all periods presented. The Company has been primarily involved in performing research activities, developing product candidates,&#13;and raising capital to support and expand these activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Certain reclassifications have been&#13;made to the Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 to conform&#13;to the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s comprehensive&#13;loss, total assets, or stockholders&amp;#8217; equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In the opinion of management, the accompanying&#13;unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all normal, recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the&#13;Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated financial position as of June 30, 2019 and as of December 31, 2018, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;condensed consolidated results of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018,&#13;and the Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The condensed consolidated&#13;results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the consolidated results of operations&#13;or cash flows which may be reported for the remainder of 2019&amp;#160;or for any future period. Certain information and footnote disclosures&#13;normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted.&amp;#160;The accompanying&#13;unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements&#13;and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in the Company&amp;#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the&#13;United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the &amp;#8220;SEC&amp;#8221;) on February 26, 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Functional Currency&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company's consolidated functional&#13;currency is the U.S. Dollar. The Company's Australian subsidiary and French subsidiary use the Australian Dollar and European Euro,&#13;respectively, as their functional currency. At each quarter end, each foreign subsidiary's balance sheets are translated into U.S.&#13;Dollars based upon the quarter-end exchange rate, while their statements of operations and comprehensive loss are translated into&#13;U.S. Dollars based upon an average exchange rate during the period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Comprehensive Loss&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Comprehensive loss represents net loss&#13;plus any gains or losses not reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, such as foreign currency translations&#13;gains and losses that are typically reflected on a Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated statements of stockholders&amp;#8217; equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Use of Estimates&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The preparation of financial statements&#13;in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,&#13;disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the condensed consolidated financial&#13;statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Going Concern Assessment&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standards&#13;Updates (&amp;#8220;ASU&amp;#8221;) 2014-15, &lt;i&gt;Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity&amp;#8217;s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,&lt;/i&gt;&#13;which the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&amp;#8220;FASB&amp;#8221;) issued to provide guidance on determining when and how reporting&#13;companies must disclose going-concern uncertainties in their financial statements. The ASU requires management to perform interim&#13;and annual assessments of an entity&amp;#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date of issuance of the&#13;entity&amp;#8217;s financial statements (or within one year after the date on which the financial statements are available to be issued,&#13;when applicable). Further, a company must provide certain disclosures if there is &amp;#8220;substantial doubt about the entity&amp;#8217;s&#13;ability to continue as a going concern.&amp;#8221; In July 2019, the Company analyzed its minimum cash requirements through September&#13;2020 and has determined that, based upon the Company&amp;#8217;s current available cash, the Company has no substantial doubt about&#13;its ability to continue as a going concern.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cash Equivalents&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company considers all highly liquid&#13;investments purchased with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents as of June 30, 2019&#13;and December 31, 2018 consist entirely of a money market account.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Deferred Offering Costs&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;Deferred offering costs represent legal and auditing expenses&#13;related to fundraising efforts that have not yet been concluded.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Prepaid Expenses&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Prepayments are expenditures for goods&#13;or services before the goods are used or the services are received and are charged to operations as the benefits are realized.&#13;Prepaid expenses include insurance premiums and software costs that are expensed monthly over the life of the contract.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Concentration of Credit Risk&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Financial instruments that potentially&#13;subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31,&#13;2018, the Company maintained cash and cash equivalents at two financial institutions. Balances at one financial institution for&#13;both periods presented were in excess of the $250,000 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (&amp;#8220;FDIC&amp;#8221;) insurable limit.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Fair Value of Financial Instruments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;For financial instruments consisting&#13;of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, deferred offering costs, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses&#13;and other current liabilities, the carrying amounts are reasonable estimates of fair value due to their relatively short maturities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standard&#13;Codification&lt;font style="color: #F2F2F2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;(&amp;#8220;ASC&amp;#8221;) 820, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,&lt;/i&gt;&#13;as amended, addressing the measurement of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities. Under this standard, fair&#13;value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;(i.e., the &amp;#8220;exit&#13;price&amp;#8221;) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In determining fair values of all reported&#13;assets and liabilities that represent financial instruments, the Company uses the carrying market values of such amounts. The standard&#13;establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use&#13;of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs reflect assumptions&#13;market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable&#13;inputs reflect a reporting entity&amp;#8217;s pricing an asset or liability developed based on the best information available under&#13;the circumstances. The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 1&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 2&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 3&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained without observable market values and require a high-level of judgment to determine the fair value.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Determining which category an asset&#13;or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each reporting&#13;period. There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the three and six months ended June&#13;30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018. The following table presents the assets and liabilities recorded that are reported&#13;at fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis. No values were recorded in Level 2 or Level 3&#13;for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -60pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Assets and Liabilities Measured&#13;at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2019&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Level 1&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investment in a money market account at June 30, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Level 1&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investment in a money market account at December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Net Loss per Share&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Net loss per share for the three and&#13;six months ended June 30, 2019 is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding during&#13;the period. Diluted net loss per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 is calculated by dividing net&#13;loss by the weighted-average shares of the sum of a) common stock outstanding and b) potential dilutive shares of common stock&#13;(such as stock options and warrants) outstanding during the period. As of June 30, 2019, potentially dilutive securities included&#13;stock options to purchase up to 1,105,896 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock. As of June 30, 2018, potentially dilutive&#13;securities included stock options to purchase up to 661,429 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock.&amp;#160;For all periods presented,&#13;potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of fully diluted net loss per share as their effect is anti-dilutive.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Research and Development Expenses&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Research and development (&amp;#8220;R&amp;#38;D&amp;#8221;)&#13;costs are expensed as incurred. Major components of R&amp;#38;D expenses include salaries and benefits paid to the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;R&amp;#38;D staff, fees paid to consultants and to the entities that conduct certain R&amp;#38;D activities on the Company&amp;#8217;s behalf&#13;and materials and supplies which are used in R&amp;#38;D activities during the reporting period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company accrues and expenses the&#13;costs for clinical trial activities performed by third parties based upon estimates of the percentage of work completed over the&#13;life of the individual study in accordance with agreements established with contract research organizations and clinical trial&#13;sites. The Company determines the estimates through discussions with internal clinical personnel and external service providers&#13;as to progress or stage of completion of trials or services and the agreed upon fee to be paid for such services. Costs of setting&#13;up clinical trial sites for participation in the trials are expensed immediately as R&amp;#38;D expenses. Clinical trial site costs&#13;related to patient screening and enrollment are accrued as patients are screened/entered into the trial. During the three and six&#13;months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no clinical trials in progress.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;In-process Research and Development&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In-process research and development&#13;(&amp;#8220;IPR&amp;#38;D&amp;#8221;) expense represent the costs to acquire technologies to be used in research and development that have&#13;not reached technological feasibility, have no alternative future uses and thus are expensed as incurred. IPR&amp;#38;D expense also&#13;includes upfront license fees and milestones paid to collaborators for technologies with no alternative use.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Collaborative Arrangements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company and its future collaborative&#13;partners would be active participants in collaborative arrangements and all parties would be exposed to significant risks and rewards&#13;depending on the technical and commercial success of the activities. Contractual payments to the other parties in collaboration&#13;agreements and costs incurred by the Company when the Company is deemed to be the principal participant for a given transaction&#13;are recognized on a gross basis in R&amp;#38;D expenses. Royalties and license payments are recorded as earned.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the three and six months ended&#13;June 30, 2019 and 2018, no milestones were met and no royalties were earned, therefore, the Company did not pay or accrue/expense&#13;any milestone or royalty payments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Licensing Agreements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company has various agreements&#13;licensing technology utilized in the development of its product or technology programs. The licenses contain success milestone&#13;obligations and royalties on future sales. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, no milestones were met&#13;and no royalties were earned, therefore, the Company did not pay or accrue/expense any milestone or royalty payments under any&#13;of its license agreements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-indent: 40pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Patent Costs&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company expenses costs relating&#13;to issued patents and patent applications, including costs relating to legal, renewal and application fees, as a component of general&#13;and administrative expenses in its condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Leases&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Effective January 1, 2019, the Company&#13;has adopted ASU 2016-02, &lt;i&gt;Leases&lt;/i&gt;, which has been amended by ASU 2018-10, &lt;i&gt;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&lt;/i&gt;,&#13;which for operating leases, requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the&#13;present value of the lease payments, in its balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is intended to improve financial reporting of leasing transactions&#13;by requiring organizations that lease assets to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases&#13;on the balance sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;As a result, the Company has recorded&#13;on its condensed consolidated balance sheet the unamortized present value of its lease payments as (a) a lease liability in other&#13;current liabilities and (b) a right-of-use asset in other current assets.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;From December 2014 to December 16,&#13;2015, the Company was an LLC taxed as a partnership under the Internal Revenue Code, during which period the members separately&#13;accounted for their pro-rata share of income, deductions, losses, and credits of the Company. On December 16, 2015, the Company&#13;converted from an LLC to a C Corporation. On December 16, 2015, the Company began using an asset and liability approach for accounting&#13;for deferred income taxes, which requires recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax&#13;consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements, but have not been reflected in its taxable income.&#13;Estimates and judgments are required in the calculation of certain tax liabilities and in the determination of the recoverability&#13;of certain deferred income tax assets, which arise from temporary differences and carry forwards. Deferred income tax assets and&#13;liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those&#13;tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company regularly assesses the&#13;likelihood that its deferred income tax assets will be realized from recoverable income taxes or recovered from future taxable&#13;income. To the extent that the Company believes any amounts are more likely than not to be realized, the Company records a valuation&#13;allowance to reduce the deferred income tax assets. In the event the Company determines that all or part of the net deferred tax&#13;assets are not realizable in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be charged to earnings in the period such&#13;determination is made. Similarly, if the Company subsequently realizes deferred income tax assets that were previously determined&#13;to be unrealizable are now realizable, the respective valuation allowance would be reversed, resulting in an adjustment to earnings&#13;in the period such determination is made.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Internal Revenue Code Section 382 provides&#13;that, after an ownership change, the amount of a loss corporation&amp;#8217;s net operating loss (&amp;#8220;NOL&amp;#8221;) for any post-change&#13;year that may be offset by pre-change losses shall not exceed the section 382 limitation for that year. Because the Company will&#13;continue to raise equity in the coming years, section 382 will limit the Company&amp;#8217;s usage of NOLs in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 6.75pt 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Accounting Standards Codification&#13;(&amp;#8220;ASC&amp;#8221;) 740, &lt;i&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/i&gt;, requires that the tax benefit of net operating losses, temporary differences, and&#13;credit carryforwards be recorded as an asset to the extent that management assesses that realization is &amp;#34;more likely than not.&amp;#34;&#13;Realization of the future tax benefits is dependent on the Company's ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward&#13;period. The Company has reviewed the positive and negative evidence relating to the realizability of the deferred tax assets and&#13;has concluded that the deferred tax assets are not more likely than not to be realized with the exception of its U.S. Federal R&amp;#38;D&#13;tax credits which will be utilized to reduce payroll taxes in future periods. The Company intends to maintain the valuation allowance&#13;until sufficient evidence exists to support its reversal. The Company regularly reviews its tax positions. For a tax benefit to&#13;be recognized, the related tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. Any amount recognized is&#13;generally the largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon settlement. The Company&amp;#8217;s policy is to recognize&#13;interest and penalties related to income tax matters as an income tax expense. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019&#13;and 2018, the Company did not have any interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company is subject to U.S. Federal,&#13;Illinois and California income taxes. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related&#13;tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. The Company was incorporated on December 16, 2015 and is subject&#13;to U.S. Federal, state and local tax examinations by tax authorities for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the&#13;short tax period December 16, 2015 to December 31, 2015. The Company does not anticipate significant changes to its current uncertain&#13;tax positions through June 30, 2019. The Company plans on filing its tax returns for the year ended December 31, 2018 prior to&#13;the extended filing deadlines in all jurisdictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company accounts for stock-based&#13;compensation arrangements with employees, non-employee directors and consultants using a fair value method, which requires the&#13;recognition of compensation expense for costs related to all stock-based payments, including stock options. The fair value method&#13;requires the Company to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Stock-based compensation costs for&#13;options granted to employees and non-employee directors are based on the fair value of the underlying option calculated using the&#13;Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the date of grant for stock options and recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over&#13;the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Determining the appropriate fair value model and related assumptions&#13;requires judgment, including estimating the future stock price volatility, forfeiture rates and expected term. The expected volatility&#13;rates are estimated based on the actual volatility of comparable public companies over recent historical periods of the same length&#13;as the expected term. The Company selected these companies based on comparable characteristics, including market capitalization,&#13;stage of development and with historical share price information sufficient to meet the expected term (life) of the stock-based&#13;awards. The expected term for options granted to date is estimated using the simplified method. Forfeitures are estimated at the&#13;time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company has&#13;not paid dividends and does not anticipate paying a cash dividend in the future vesting period and, accordingly, uses an expected&#13;dividend yield of zero. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities consistent&#13;with the estimated expected term of the awards. Prior to January 1, 2019, the measurement of consultant stock-based compensation&#13;was subject to periodic adjustments as the underlying equity instruments vest. Since January 1, 2019, consultant stock-based compensation&#13;is valued on the grant date and is recognized as an expense over the period in which services are rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Recent Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-13, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&amp;#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair&#13;Value Measurement.&lt;/i&gt; The ASU modifies, and in certain cases eliminates, the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements&#13;in Topic 820.&amp;#160;The amendments in ASU No. 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within&#13;those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed&#13;or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective&#13;date. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on its condensed consolidated&#13;financial statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 16, 2015, the Company converted&#13;from an LLC to a C Corporation at which time the Company effected a 1 for 10 reverse stock split. All references to preferred stock&#13;authorized, issued and outstanding and common stock authorized take into account the 1 for 10 reverse stock split. In March 2017,&#13;the Company&amp;#8217;s Series A Preferred Stock and Series Z Preferred Stock converted to common stock at a conversion rate of 1.2&#13;for 1 and 1 for 1, respectively, along with a simultaneous common stock split of 70 for 1 and the elimination all shares of Series&#13;A Preferred Stock and Series Z Preferred Stock (collectively, the &amp;#8220;Conversion&amp;#8221;). 100,000 shares of Series Z Preferred&#13;Stock were converted into 7,000,000 shares of common stock and 15,894 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted into 1,335,079&#13;shares of common stock. All references to common stock authorized, issued and outstanding and common stock options take into account&#13;the 70 for 1 stock split.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Holders of the common stock are entitled&#13;to receive such dividends as may be declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor. Upon dissolution&#13;and liquidation of the Company, holders of the common stock are entitled to a ratable share of the net assets of the Company remaining&#13;after payments to creditors of the Company. The holders of shares of common stock are entitled to one vote per share for the election&#13;of directors and on all other matters submitted to a vote of stockholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company&amp;#8217;s amended and restated&#13;certificate of incorporation authorizes the Company to issue 40,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;As of December 31, 2018, the Company&#13;had 9,291,421 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. The Company no longer has any shares of preferred stock authorized&#13;or outstanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In April 2016, the Company adopted&#13;the 2016 Stock Incentive Plan and the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors reserved 700,000 shares of common stock for issuances&#13;under the plan (as adjusted subsequent to the Conversion). In October 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors increased the&#13;stock option pool to 1,600,000 shares of common stock.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Contribution to Capital&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;largest stockholder, Tactic Pharma, LLC (&amp;#8220;Tactic Pharma&amp;#8221;), surrendered 2,888,727 shares of common stock back to the&#13;Company as a contribution to the capital of the Company. This resulted at that time in reducing Tactic Pharma&amp;#8217;s ownership&#13;in Monopar from 79.5% to 69.9%.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Sales of Common Stock&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to an active private placement&#13;memorandum, during the period from July 1, 2017 through September 30, 2017, Monopar sold 448,834 shares of common stock at $6 per&#13;share for proceeds of approximately $2.7 million. This financing closed on September 30, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Issuance of Common Stock in the&#13;Gem Transaction&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to the Gem Transaction, discussed&#13;in detail in Note 6 below, the Company issued 3,055,394 shares of its common stock in exchange for cash and intellectual property&#13;related to GPX-150 (renamed camsirubicin).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 16, 2015, the Company converted&#13;from an LLC to a C Corporation at which time the Company effected a 1 for 10 reverse stock split. All references to preferred stock&#13;and common stock authorized take into account the 1 for 10 reverse stock split. In March 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s Series A Preferred&#13;Stock and Series Z Preferred Stock converted to common stock at a conversion rate of 1.2 for 1 and 1 for 1, respectively, along&#13;with a simultaneous common stock split of 70 for 1 and the elimination all shares of Series A Preferred Stock and Series Z Preferred&#13;Stock (collectively, the &amp;#8220;Conversion&amp;#8221;). 100,000 shares of Series Z Preferred Stock were converted into 7,000,000 shares&#13;of common stock and 15,894 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted into 1,335,079 shares of common stock. All references&#13;to common stock authorized, issued and outstanding and common stock options take into account the 70 for 1 stock split.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Holders of the common stock are entitled&#13;to receive such dividends as may be declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor. Upon dissolution&#13;and liquidation of the Company, holders of the common stock are entitled to a ratable share of the net assets of the Company remaining&#13;after payments to creditors of the Company. The holders of shares of common stock are entitled to one vote per share for the election&#13;of directors and on all other matters submitted to a vote of stockholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company&amp;#8217;s amended and restated&#13;certificate of incorporation authorizes the Company to issue 40,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Contribution to Capital&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;then largest stockholder, Tactic Pharma, LLC (&amp;#8220;Tactic Pharma&amp;#8221;), surrendered 2,888,727 shares of common stock back to&#13;the Company as a contribution to the capital of the Company. This resulted at that time in reducing Tactic Pharma&amp;#8217;s ownership&#13;in Monopar from 79.5% to 69.9%.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Sales of Common Stock&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to an active private placement&#13;memorandum, during the period from July 1, 2017 through September 30, 2017, Monopar sold 448,834 shares of common stock at $6 per&#13;share for proceeds of approximately $2.7 million. This financing closed on September 30, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Issuance of Common Stock&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2017, the Company issued&#13;3,055,394 shares of its common stock in exchange for cash and intellectual property related to camsirubicin (MNPR-201).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of June 30, 2019, the Company had 9,291,421&#13;shares of common stock issued and outstanding. The Company no longer has any shares of preferred stock authorized or outstanding.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 4.75in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In April 2016, the Company adopted the 2016&#13;Stock Incentive Plan and the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors reserved 700,000 shares of common stock for issuances under the&#13;plan (as adjusted subsequent to the Conversion). In October 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors voted to increase the&#13;stock option pool to 1,600,000 shares of common stock, which subsequently was approved by the Company&amp;#8217;s stockholders.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In April 2016, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;Board of Directors and the convertible preferred stockholders representing a majority of the Company&amp;#8217;s outstanding stock&#13;approved, the Monopar Therapeutics Inc. 2016 Stock Incentive Plan (the &amp;#8220;Plan&amp;#8221;) allowing the Company to grant up to&#13;an aggregate 700,000 shares of stock awards, stock options, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based awards to employees,&#13;directors and consultants. Concurrently, the Board of Directors granted to certain Board members and the Company&amp;#8217;s acting&#13;chief financial officer stock options to purchase up to an aggregate 273,000 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock at an exercise&#13;price of $0.001 par value based upon a third-party valuation of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In December 2016, the Board of Directors&#13;granted stock options to purchase up to 7,000 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock at an exercise price of $0.001 par value&#13;to the Company&amp;#8217;s acting chief medical officer.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2017, the Board of Directors&#13;granted to certain Board members and the Company&amp;#8217;s acting chief financial officer stock options to purchase up to an aggregate&#13;275,520 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock at an exercise price of $0.001 par value based upon a third-party valuation&#13;of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock. In September 2017, the Board of Directors represented by the designated Plan Administrator,&#13;granted options to purchase up to 21,024 shares of common stock to each of the three new Board members and in November 2017, the&#13;Company granted options to purchase up to 40,000 shares of common stock to an employee. These Board and employee options have an&#13;exercise price of $6 per share based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private&#13;offering.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2018, the Company granted&#13;options to purchase up to 32,004 shares of common stock to its acting chief medical officer, at an exercise price of $6 per share&#13;based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private offering. In May 2018 and&#13;August 2018, the Company granted options to two employees to each purchase up to 5,000 shares of common stock, at an exercise price&#13;of $6 per share based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private offering.&#13;Also in August 2018, the Company granted stock options to all of its non-employee Board members, the Company&amp;#8217;s chief executive&#13;officer, chief scientific officer, and chief financial officer to purchase up to an aggregate 425,300 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;common stock at an exercise price of $6 per share based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;most recent private offering. Vesting of such options commenced on October 1, 2018. In December 2018, the Company granted options&#13;to purchase up to 20,000 shares of common stock to its acting chief medical officer, at an exercise price of $6 per share based&#13;on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private offering. Vesting of such options&#13;commenced on January 1, 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Under the Plan, the per share exercise&#13;price for the shares to be issued upon exercise of an option shall be determined by the Plan Administrator, except that the per&#13;share exercise price shall be no less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the grant date. Fair market value is established&#13;by the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors, using third party valuation reports and recent financings. Options generally expire&#13;after ten years.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Stock option activity under the Plan was as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 12pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 12pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 12pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&amp;#160;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 12pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options Available&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&amp;#160;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted-Average Exercise Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balances at January 1, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;420,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;280,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;0.001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Board-approved increase in option pool(1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;900,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Granted (2)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(378,592&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;378,592&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1.63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balances at December 31, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;941,408&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;658,592&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;0.94&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Granted(3)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(487,304&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;487,304&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;6.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited(4)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;6.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balances at December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;494,104&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,105,896&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2.99&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 48px; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;In October 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors increased the option pool from 700,000 to 1,600,000 shares.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 48px; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;336,544 options vest 6/48ths at the six-month anniversary of grant date and 1/48th per month thereafter; 21,024 options vest 6/24ths on the six-month anniversary of grant date and 1/24th per month thereafter; and 21,024 options vest 6/42nds on the six-month anniversary of grant date and 1/42nd per month thereafter.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 48px; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(3)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;32,004 options vest as follows: options to purchase up to 12,000 shares of common stock vest on the grant date, options to purchase up to 1,667 shares of common stock vest on the 1st of each month thereafter. 5,000 options vest 6/48ths on the grant date and 1/48th per month thereafter. 5,000 options vest 6/48ths on the six-month anniversary of grant date and 1/48th per month thereafter. 320,900 options vest 6/51 at the six-month anniversary of vesting commencement date and 1/51 per month thereafter, with vesting commencing on October 1, 2018. 104,400 options vest quarterly over 5 quarters, with the first quarter commenced on October 1, 2018. 20,000 options vest as follows: options to purchase up to 1,667 shares of common stock vest on January 31, 2019 and the last day of each month thereafter.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 48px; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(4)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Forfeited options resulted from an employee termination.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;A summary of options outstanding as&#13;of December 31, 2018 is shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Exercise Prices&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Numberof Shares Outstanding&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Number of Shares Fully Vested and Exercisable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;0.001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;555,520&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 15%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;7.7 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 15%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;406,280&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;7.6 years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;550,376&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;9.5 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;58,910&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;8.9 years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,105,896&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;465,190&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the years ended December 31,&#13;2018 and 2017, the Company recognized $232,625 and $26,864 of employee and non-employee director stock-based compensation expense&#13;as general and administrative expenses, respectively, and $171,238 and $26,499 as research and development expenses, respectively.&#13;The compensation expense is allocated on a departmental basis, based on the classification of the option holder. No income tax&#13;benefits have been recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for stock-based compensation&#13;arrangements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company recognizes as an expense&#13;the fair value of options granted to persons who are neither employees nor directors. Stock-based compensation expense for non-employees&#13;for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $125,469 and $251,842, respectively, of which $125,469 and $199,769, respectively&#13;was recorded as research and development expenses and $0 and $52,073, respectively, as general and administrative expenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The fair value of options granted from&#13;inception to December 31, 2018 was based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model assuming the following factors: 4.7 to 6.2 years&#13;expected term, 55% to 85% volatility, 1.2% to 2.9% risk free interest rate and zero dividends.&amp;#160;The expected term for options&#13;granted to date is estimated using the simplified method. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017: the weighted average&#13;grant date fair value was $2.05 and $0.88 per share, respectively; and the fair value of shares vested was $391,689 and $312,895, respectively. At December 31, 2018, the aggregate intrinsic value was approximately $3.3 million of which approximately&#13;$2.4 million was vested and approximately $0.9 million is expected to vest and the weighted average exercise price in aggregate&#13;was $2.99 which includes $0.76 for fully vested stock options and $4.60 for stock options expected to vest. At December 31, 2018&#13;unamortized unvested balance of stock base compensation was $2.2 million, to be amortized over 2.9 years.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In April 2016, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;Board of Directors and the convertible preferred stockholders representing a majority of the Company&amp;#8217;s outstanding stock,&#13;approved the Amended and Restated Monopar Therapeutics Inc. 2016 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the &amp;#8220;Plan&amp;#8221;), allowing&#13;the Company to grant up to an aggregate 700,000 shares of stock awards, stock options, stock appreciation rights and other stock-based&#13;awards to employees, directors and consultants. Concurrently, the Board of Directors granted to certain Board members and the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;acting chief financial officer stock options to purchase up to an aggregate 273,000 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock&#13;at an exercise price of $0.001 par value based upon a third-party valuation of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In December 2016, the Board of Directors&#13;granted to the Company&amp;#8217;s acting chief medical officer stock options to purchase up to 7,000 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;common stock at an exercise price of $0.001 par value based upon a third-party valuation of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2017, the Board of Directors&#13;granted to certain Board members and to the Company&amp;#8217;s acting chief financial officer stock options to purchase up to an aggregate&#13;275,520 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock at an exercise price of $0.001 par value based upon a third-party valuation&#13;of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock. In September 2017, the Board of Directors represented by the designated Plan Administrator,&#13;granted options to purchase up to 21,024 shares of common stock to each of the three new Board members and in November 2017, the&#13;Company granted options to purchase up to 40,000 shares of common stock to an employee. These Board and employee options have an&#13;exercise price of $6 per share based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private&#13;offering.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2018, the Company granted&#13;options to purchase up to 32,004 shares of common stock to its acting chief medical officer, at an exercise price of $6 per share&#13;based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private offering. In May 2018 and&#13;August 2018, the Company granted options to two employees each to purchase up to 5,000 shares of common stock, at an exercise price&#13;of $6 per share based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private offering.&#13;Also in August 2018, the Company granted stock options to all four of its non-employee Board members, the Company&amp;#8217;s chief&#13;executive officer, chief scientific officer, and chief financial officer to purchase up to an aggregate 425,300 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;common stock at an exercise price of $6 per share based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;most recent private offering; vesting of such options commenced on October 1, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In December 2018, the Company granted&#13;options to purchase up to 20,000 shares of common stock to its acting chief medical officer, at an exercise price of $6 per share&#13;based on the price per share at which common stock was sold in the Company&amp;#8217;s most recent private offering. Vesting of such&#13;options commenced on January 1, 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Under the Plan, the per share exercise&#13;price for the shares to be issued upon exercise of an option shall be determined by the Plan Administrator, except that the per&#13;share exercise price shall be no less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the grant date. Fair market value is established&#13;by the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors, using third party valuation reports and recent financings. Options generally expire&#13;after ten years.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Stock option activity under the Plan was as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options Available&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted-Average Exercise Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 34%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balances at January 1, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;941,408&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;658,592&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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   &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Forfeited&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Exercised&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balances at June 30, 2019&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;494,104&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1,105,896&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2.99&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 60px; padding-left: 27pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;32,004 options vest as follows: options to purchase up to 12,000 shares of common stock vest on the grant date, options to purchase up to 1,667 shares of common stock vest on the 1st of each month thereafter. 5,000 options vest 6/48ths on the grant date and 1/48th per month thereafter. 5,000 options vest 6/48ths on the six-month anniversary of grant date and 1/48th per month thereafter. 320,900 options vest 6/51 at the six-month anniversary of vesting commencement date and 1/51 per month thereafter, with vesting commencing on October 1, 2018. 104,400 options vest quarterly over 5 quarters, with the first quarter commenced on October 1, 2018. 20,000 options vest as follows: options to purchase up to 1,667 shares of common stock vest on January 31, 2019 and the last day of each month thereafter.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 60px; padding-left: 27pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Forfeited options resulted from an employee termination.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;A summary of options outstanding as&#13;of June 30, 2019 is shown below:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise Prices&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of Shares subject to Options Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of Shares Subject to Options Fully Vested and Exercisable&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;0.001&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;555,520&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 17%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;7.2 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;440,720&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 21%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;7.1 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;175,212&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;8.9 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,105,896&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;615,932&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the three months ended June&#13;30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $164,600 and $26,362, respectively, of employee and non-employee director stock-based&#13;compensation expense as general and administrative expenses and $72,324 and $36,978, respectively, as research and development&#13;expenses. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $315,326 and $52,514, respectively, of employee&#13;and non-employee director stock-based compensation expense as general and administrative expenses and $134,665 and $76,726, respectively,&#13;as research and development expenses. The stock-based compensation expense is allocated on a departmental basis, based on the classification&#13;of the option holder. No income tax benefits have been recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive&#13;loss for stock-based compensation arrangements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company recognizes as an expense&#13;the fair value of options granted to persons who are neither employees nor non-employee directors. Stock-based compensation expense&#13;for consultants which was recorded as research and development expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 was $20,708&#13;and $41,418, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense for consultants which was recorded as research and development expense&#13;for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was $25,230 and $73,856, respectively.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The fair value of options granted&#13;from inception to June 30, 2019 was based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model assuming the following factors: 4.7 to 6.2&#13;years expected term, 55% to 85% volatility, 1.2% to 2.9% risk free interest rate and zero dividends. The expected term for options&#13;granted to date was estimated using the simplified method. There were no stock option grants during the three and six months ended&#13;June 30, 2019. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 the weighted average grant date fair value was $3.30 per share.&#13;For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the fair value of shares vested was $349,409 and $79,310, respectively. For&#13;the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the fair value of shares vested was $483,846 and $145,884, respectively. At June&#13;30, 2019, the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock options was approximately $3.3 million of which approximately $2.6&#13;million was vested and approximately $0.7 million is expected to vest and the weighted average exercise price in aggregate was&#13;$2.99 which includes $1.71 for fully vested stock options and $4.59 for stock options expected to vest. At June 30, 2019, the&#13;unamortized unvested balance of stock-based compensation was approximately $1.8 million to be amortized over 2.6 years.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
    <MONO:DisclosureOfDevelopmentAndCollaborationAgreementsTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Onxeo SA&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The pre-negotiated Onxeo license agreement&#13;for Validive included as part of the option agreement includes clinical, regulatory, developmental and sales milestones that could&#13;reach up to $108 million if the Company achieves all milestones, and escalating royalties on net sales from 5 - 10%. On September&#13;8, 2017, the Company exercised the option, and therefore was required to pay Onxeo the $1 million fee under the option and license&#13;agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Under the agreement, the Company is&#13;required to pay royalties to Onxeo on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis until the later of (1) the date when a&#13;given product is no longer within the scope of a patent claim in the country of sale or manufacture, (2) the expiry of any extended&#13;exclusivity period in the relevant country (such as orphan drug exclusivity, pediatric exclusivity, new chemical entity exclusivity,&#13;or other exclusivity granted beyond the expiry of the relevant patent), or (3) a specific time period after the first commercial&#13;sale of the product in such country. In most countries, including the U.S., the patent term is generally 20 years from the earliest&#13;claimed filing date of a non-provisional patent application in the applicable country, not taking into consideration any potential&#13;patent term adjustment that may be filed in the future or any regulatory extensions that may be obtained. The royalty termination&#13;provision pursuant to (3) described above is shorter than 20 years and is the least likely cause of termination of royalty payments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Onxeo license agreement does not&#13;have a pre-determined term, but expires on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis; that is, the agreement expires with&#13;respect to a given product in a given country whenever the Company&amp;#8217;s royalty payment obligations with respect to such product&#13;have expired. The agreement may also be terminated early for cause if either the Company or Onxeo materially breach the agreement,&#13;or if either the Company or Onxeo become insolvent. The Company may also choose to terminate the agreement, either in its entirety&#13;or as to a certain product and a certain country, by providing Onxeo with advance notice.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company plans to internally develop&#13;Validive with the near-term goal of commencing a Phase 3 clinical trial, which, if successful, may allow the Company to apply for&#13;marketing approval within the next few years. The Company will need to raise significant funds to support the further development&#13;of Validive. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had not reached any of the pre-specified milestones and has not been required&#13;to pay Onxeo any funds under this license agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;XOMA Ltd.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The intellectual property rights contributed&#13;by Tactic Pharma to the Company included the non-exclusive license agreement with XOMA Ltd. for the humanization technology used&#13;in the development of MNPR-101. Pursuant to such license agreement, the Company is obligated to pay XOMA Ltd. clinical, regulatory&#13;and sales milestones for MNPR-101 that could reach up to $14.925 million if the Company achieves all milestones. The agreement&#13;does not require the payment of sales royalties. There can be no assurance that the Company will reach any milestones. As of December&#13;31, 2018, the Company has not reached any milestones and has not been required to pay XOMA Ltd. any funds under this license agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</MONO:DisclosureOfDevelopmentAndCollaborationAgreementsTextBlock>
    <MONO:DisclosureOfDevelopmentAndCollaborationAgreementsTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-indent: 40pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Onxeo S.A.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In June 2016, the Company executed&#13;an option and license agreement with Onxeo S.A. (&amp;#8220;Onxeo&amp;#8221;), a public French company, which gave Monopar the exclusive&#13;option to license (on a world-wide exclusive basis) Validive to pursue treating severe oral mucositis in patients undergoing chemoradiation&#13;treatment for head and neck cancers. The pre-negotiated Onxeo license agreement for Validive as part of the option agreement includes&#13;clinical, regulatory, developmental and sales milestones that could reach up to $108 million if the Company achieves all milestones,&#13;and escalating royalties on net sales from 5% to 10%. On September 8, 2017, the Company exercised the license option, and therefore&#13;paid Onxeo the $1 million fee under the option and license agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Under the agreement, the Company is&#13;required to pay royalties to Onxeo on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis until the later of (1) the date when a&#13;given product is no longer within the scope of a patent claim in the country of sale or manufacture, (2) the expiry of any extended&#13;exclusivity period in the relevant country (such as orphan drug exclusivity, pediatric exclusivity, new chemical entity exclusivity,&#13;or other exclusivity granted beyond the expiry of the relevant patent), or (3) a specific time period after the first commercial&#13;sale of the product in such country. In most countries, including the U.S., the patent term is generally 20 years from the earliest&#13;claimed filing date of a non-provisional patent application in the applicable country, not taking into consideration any potential&#13;patent term adjustment that may be filed in the future or any regulatory extensions that may be obtained. The royalty termination&#13;provision pursuant to (3) described above is shorter than 20 years and is the least likely cause of termination of royalty payments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Onxeo license agreement does not&#13;have a pre-determined term, but expires on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis; that is, the agreement expires with&#13;respect to a given product in a given country whenever the Company&amp;#8217;s royalty payment obligations with respect to such product&#13;have expired. The agreement may also be terminated early for cause if either the Company or Onxeo materially breach the agreement,&#13;or if either the Company or Onxeo become insolvent. The Company may also choose to terminate the agreement, either in its entirety&#13;or as to a certain product and a certain country, by providing Onxeo with advance notice.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company plans to internally&#13;develop Validive with the near-term goal of commencing a Phase 3 clinical development program, which, if successful, may&#13;allow the Company to apply for marketing approval within the next several years. The Company will need to raise significant&#13;funds to support the further development of Validive. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had not reached any of the&#13;pre-specified milestones and has not been required to pay Onxeo any funds under this license agreement other than the&#13;one-time license fee.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;XOMA Ltd.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The intellectual property rights contributed&#13;by Tactic Pharma to the Company included the non-exclusive license agreement with XOMA Ltd. for the humanization technology used&#13;in the development of MNPR-101. Pursuant to such license agreement, the Company is obligated to pay XOMA Ltd. clinical, regulatory&#13;and sales milestones for MNPR-101 that could reach up to $14.925 million if the Company achieves all milestones. The agreement&#13;does not require the payment of sales royalties. There can be no assurance that the Company will reach any milestones under the&#13;XOMA agreement. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had not reached any milestones and has not been required to pay XOMA Ltd. any&#13;funds under this license agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</MONO:DisclosureOfDevelopmentAndCollaborationAgreementsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MergersAcquisitionsAndDispositionsDisclosuresTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;On August 25, 2017, the Company executed&#13;definitive agreements with Gem Pharmaceuticals, LLC (&amp;#8220;Gem&amp;#8221;), pursuant to which Gem formed a limited liability company,&#13;TacticGem LLC (&amp;#8220;TacticGem&amp;#8221;) with Tactic Pharma, the Company&amp;#8217;s largest shareholder at that time. Gem contributed&#13;certain of Gem&amp;#8217;s drug candidates&amp;#8217; intellectual property and agreements associated primarily with Gem&amp;#8217;s GPX-150&#13;(renamed camsirubicin) drug candidate program, along with $5,000,000 in cash (the &amp;#8220;Gem Contributed Assets&amp;#8221;) to TacticGem&#13;for a 42.633% interest, and Tactic Pharma contributed 4,111,273 shares of common stock of Monopar to TacticGem for a 57.367% interest.&#13;Then, TacticGem contributed the Gem Contributed Assets to the Company in exchange for 3,055,394 newly issued shares of common stock&#13;of the Company (31.4% on a fully-diluted basis) (the two contributions collectively, the &amp;#8220;Gem Transaction&amp;#8221;). The Gem&#13;Transaction closed on August 25, 2017. Following the Gem Transaction, TacticGem owns 7,166,667 (77.1%) shares of Monopar&amp;#8217;s&#13;common stock as of December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The transaction was recorded as an&#13;asset acquisition on August 25, 2017 as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash recorded on the Company&amp;#8217;s Balance Sheet&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;5,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Assembled Workforce recorded as In-process Research and Development Expense on &lt;br /&gt;the Company&amp;#8217;s Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;9,886&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Camsirubicin (GPX-150) recorded as In-process Research and Development&#13;    Expense on &lt;br /&gt;the Company&amp;#8217;s Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;13,491,736&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total Gem Transaction&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;18,501,622&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Within 90 days of the effective date&#13;of the transaction, the Company was required to use its best efforts to file a Form 10 to register its common stock under the Securities&#13;Exchange Act of 1934. The Company filed its Form 10 on November 9, 2017. Additionally, Arthur Klausner, former CEO of Gem, has&#13;been added to the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors and will remain on the Board of Directors at least until the Company achieves&#13;a listing on a major stock exchange (such as Nasdaq or NYSE). Richard Olson and Gerald Walsh, former CSO and former President of&#13;Gem, respectively, had been retained with one-year consulting agreements to aid in an efficient transfer of Gem&amp;#8217;s GPX-150&#13;(renamed camsirubicin) and associated programs.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the year ended December 31,&#13;2018, the Company&amp;#8217;s annual cash burn increased by approximately $100,000 due to the addition of the Gem Assets, and future&#13;cash burn will be significantly higher when the Company chooses to conduct clinical trials with the Gem drug candidate programs.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:MergersAcquisitionsAndDispositionsDisclosuresTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In March 2017, Tactic Pharma, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;largest shareholder at that time, wired $1 million to the Company in advance of the sale of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock at&#13;$6 per share under a private placement memorandum. In April, the Company issued to Tactic Pharma 166,667 shares in exchange for&#13;the $1 million at $6 per share once the Company began selling stock to unaffiliated parties under the private placement memorandum.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2017, Tactic Pharma surrendered 2,888,727&#13;shares of common stock back to the Company as a contribution to the capital of the Company. This resulted in reducing Tactic Pharma&amp;#8217;s&#13;ownership in Monopar at the time from 79.5% to 69.9%.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2017, the Company executed definitive&#13;agreements with Gem, pursuant to which Tactic Pharma and Gem formed a limited liability company, TacticGem. Tactic Pharma contributed&#13;4,111,273 shares of its holdings in Monopar&amp;#8217;s common stock to TacticGem and Gem contributed cash and assets to TacticGem.&#13;TacticGem then contributed cash and assets to the Company in exchange for stock. As of December 31, 2018, Tactic Pharma beneficially&#13;owned 46% of Monopar&amp;#8217;s common stock, and TacticGem owned 77% of Monopar&amp;#8217;s common stock.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;During the years ended December 31, 2018 and&#13;2017, the Company was advised by four members of its Board of Directors, who were Managers of the LLC prior to the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;conversion to a C Corporation. The four former Managers are also current common stockholders (owning approximately an aggregate&#13;3% of the common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018). Three of the former Managers are also Managing Members of Tactic Pharma&#13;as of December 31, 2018. Monopar paid Managing Members of Tactic Pharma and the Manager of CDR Pharma, LLC, which is the Manager&#13;of TacticGem the following: Chandler D. Robinson, the Company&amp;#8217;s Co-Founder, Chief Executive Officer, common stockholder,&#13;Managing Member of Tactic Pharma, former Manager of the predecessor LLC, and the Manager of CDR Pharma, LLC: $430,000 and $346,545&#13;for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively; and Andrew P. Mazar, the Company&amp;#8217;s Co-Founder, Chief Scientific&#13;Officer, common stockholder, Managing Member of Tactic Pharma and former Manager of the predecessor LLC, $405,000 and $89,481 for&#13;the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In addition, Dr. Mazar was paid $225,000 in consulting fees for the year&#13;ended December 31, 2017. The Company also paid Christopher M. Starr, the Company&amp;#8217;s Co-Founder, Executive Chairman of the&#13;Board of Directors, common stockholder and former Manager of the predecessor LLC $105,673 and $100,897 in board fees for the years&#13;ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Michael Brown, as a managing member of Tactic Pharma until February 1, 2019, a&#13;previous managing member of Monopar as an LLC and common stockholder and board member of Monopar as a C Corporation was paid $45,500&#13;and $20,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;For the year ended December 31, 2018, $102,760&#13;of fees paid to or accrued for a large national law firm, in which a family member of the Company&amp;#8217;s Chief Executive Officer&#13;is a law partner, were recorded as deferred offering costs and $49,334 as legal expense for a total of $152,094. For the year ended&#13;December 31, 2017, $110,341 of fees accrued for, or paid to, this law firm was recorded as deferred offering costs, $13,076 as&#13;legal expense, $31,500 as fundraising costs (contra equity) and $134,258 as Gem transaction cost recorded as in-process research&#13;and development expense for a total of $289,175. The family member personally billed a &lt;i&gt;de minimis&lt;/i&gt; amount of time on the&#13;Company&amp;#8217;s legal engagement with the law firm in these periods.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In March 2017, Tactic Pharma, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;largest shareholder at that time, wired $1 million to the Company in advance of the sale of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock at&#13;$6 per share under a private placement memorandum. In April, the Company issued to Tactic Pharma 166,667 shares in exchange for&#13;the $1 million at $6 per share once the Company began selling stock to unaffiliated parties under the private placement memorandum.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2017, Tactic Pharma surrendered&#13;2,888,727 shares of common stock back to the Company as a contribution to the capital of the Company. This resulted in reducing&#13;Tactic Pharma&amp;#8217;s ownership in Monopar at that time from 79.5% to 69.9%.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2017, the Company executed&#13;definitive agreements with Gem Pharmaceuticals, LLC (&amp;#8220;Gem&amp;#8221;), pursuant to which Tactic Pharma and Gem formed a limited&#13;liability company, TacticGem LLC (&amp;#8220;TacticGem&amp;#8221;). Tactic Pharma contributed 4,111,273 shares of its holdings in Monopar&amp;#8217;s&#13;common stock to TacticGem and Gem contributed cash and assets to TacticGem. TacticGem then contributed cash and assets to the Company&#13;in exchange for stock. The Gem Transaction is discussed in detail in the Company&amp;#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with&#13;the SEC on February 26, 2019. As of June 30, 2019, Tactic Pharma beneficially owned 46% of Monopar&amp;#8217;s common stock, and TacticGem&#13;owned 77% of Monopar&amp;#8217;s common stock.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the three and six months ended&#13;June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company was governed by four members of its Board of Directors, who were Managers of the LLC prior&#13;to the Company&amp;#8217;s conversion to a C Corporation. The four former Managers are also current common stockholders (owning approximately&#13;an aggregate 3% of the common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2019). Three of the former Managers are also Managing Members of&#13;Tactic Pharma. Monopar paid or accrued payments for Managing Members of Tactic Pharma and the Manager of CDR Pharma, LLC, which&#13;is the Manager of TacticGem the following: Chandler D. Robinson, the Company&amp;#8217;s Co-Founder, Chief Executive Officer, common&#13;stockholder, board member of Monopar as a C Corporation, Managing Member of Tactic Pharma, former Manager of the predecessor LLC,&#13;and the Manager of CDR Pharma, LLC: $110,788 and $107,500 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and&#13;$228,125 (including $7,500 bonus paid on March 8, 2019) and $214,999 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively;&#13;Andrew P. Mazar, the Company&amp;#8217;s Co-Founder, Chief Scientific Officer, common stockholder, board member of Monopar as a C Corporation,&#13;Managing Member of Tactic Pharma and former Manager of the predecessor LLC: $104,319 and $101,250 for the three months ended June&#13;30, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and $213,350 (including $5,600 bonus paid on March 8, 2019) and $202,500 for the six months ended&#13;June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company also paid or accrued payments for Christopher M. Starr, the Company&amp;#8217;s Co-Founder,&#13;Executive Chairman of Monopar&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors as a C Corporation, common stockholder and former Manager of the predecessor&#13;LLC $30,000 and $25,224 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; and $60,000 and $50,449 for the six months ended June&#13;30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Michael Brown, as a managing member of Tactic Pharma (with no voting power as it relates to the&#13;Company commencing February 1, 2019), a previous managing member of Monopar as an LLC and common stockholder and board member of&#13;Monopar as a C Corporation was paid or accrued for $15,500 and $10,000 in board fees for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and&#13;2018; and $31,000 and $20,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the three and six months ended&#13;June 30, 2018, the Company paid or accrued legal fees to a large national law firm, in which a family member of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;Chief Executive Officer was a law partner through January 31, 2019, approximately $39,584 and $92,584, respectively. The family&#13;member personally billed a &lt;i&gt;de minimis&lt;/i&gt; amount of time on the Company&amp;#8217;s legal engagement with the law firm in these&#13;periods.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;ASC 740 requires that the tax benefit&#13;of net operating losses, temporary differences, and credit carryforwards be recorded as an asset to the extent that management&#13;assesses that realization is &amp;#34;more likely than not.&amp;#34; Realization of the future tax benefits is dependent on the Company's&#13;ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward period. The Company has reviewed the positive and negative&#13;evidence relating to the realizability of the deferred tax assets and has concluded that the deferred tax assets are not more likely&#13;than not to be realized with the exception of $75,973 and $4,358 of U.S. Federal R&amp;#38;D tax credits for the years ended December&#13;31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The tax credit of $61,539 will be utilized to reduce payroll taxes in 2019. The tax credit generated&#13;in 2017 in the amount of $14,434 will also be claimed to offset payroll taxes in 2019. Accordingly, the valuation allowance has&#13;not been released related to these assets with the exception of $75,973 and $4,385 in U.S. Federal R&amp;#38;D tax credits for the&#13;years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The 2017 R&amp;#38;D tax credit of $14,434 was adjusted as additional deferred&#13;tax benefit in 2018. The valuation allowance increased by approximately $690,000 and $470,000 during the years ended December 31,&#13;2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;The provision for income taxes for&#13;December 31, 2018 and 2017 consists of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="7" style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;As of December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Current:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 56%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 8pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;State&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Total current&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 22.65pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Deferred:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 8pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(71,615&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 8pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;State&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Total deferred&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(71,615&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Full valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total provision&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(71,615&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total provision consists of U.S. Federal R&amp;#38;D credits, net of California&#13;minimum tax.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The difference between the effective&#13;tax rate and the U.S. federal tax rate is as follows:&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Federal income tax&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;21.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;State income taxes, less federal benefit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;0.78&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Tax Credits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1.87&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Permanent differences&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-0.13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Change in valuation allowances&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-20.92&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-0.43&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Effective Tax Rate Benefit (expense)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;2.17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;Deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="7" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;As of December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Deferred tax assets:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 56%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Net operating loss carryforwards&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;467,186&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;186,019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Tax credit carryforwards&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;107,969&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;30,143&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Stock compensation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;138,111&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;58,536&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Intangible asset basis differences&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,053,518&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;730,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Gross deferred tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,766,784&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,005,345&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(1,690,811&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(1,000,987&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;75,973&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,358&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Deferred tax liabilities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Net deferred tax liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Net deferred taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;75,973&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,358&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of December 31, 2018, Company had total federal&#13;net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $2,132,000. The $820,000 will begin to expire in 2035, and the $1,312,000 will&#13;carry forward indefinitely for federal tax purposes. At December 31, 2018, the Company had state net operating loss carryforwards&#13;of approximately $259,000 which will begin to expire in 2027. The net operating loss related deferred tax assets do not include&#13;excess tax benefits from employee stock option exercises.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of December 31, 2018, Company had R&amp;#38;D&#13;credit carryforwards of approximately $76,000 and $40,000 available to reduce future taxable income, if any, for both federal and&#13;state income tax purposes, respectively. The federal credit of $76,000 may be able to reduce future payroll taxes. The federal&#13;R&amp;#38;D credit carryforwards expire beginning 2035 and Illinois R&amp;#38;D credit carryforwards expire beginning 2020.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of&#13;net operating carryforwards in certain situations where changes occur in the stock ownership of a company. In the event the Company&#13;has had a change in ownership, utilization of the carryforwards could be limited. The Company has not performed such a study.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On January 1, 2015, the Company adopted the&#13;provisions of FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC 740-10), &amp;#34;Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.&amp;#34; ASC 740-10&#13;prescribes a comprehensive model for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure in financial statements of any uncertain&#13;tax positions that have been taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. The cumulative effect of adopting ASC 740-10 resulted&#13;in no adjustment to retained earnings as of December 31, 2018. It is Company's policy to include penalties and interest expense&#13;related to income taxes as a component of other expense and interest expense, respectively, as necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;No liability related to uncertain tax positions&#13;is recorded on the financial statements related to uncertain tax positions. There are no unrecognized tax benefits as of December&#13;31, 2018. The Company does not expect that uncertain tax benefits will materially change in the next 12 months.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Company files U.S. federal, California and Illinois&#13;State tax returns. Company is subject to California State minimum franchise taxes. All tax returns will remain open for examination&#13;by the federal and state taxing authorities for three and four years, respectively, from the date of utilization of any net operating&#13;loss carryforwards or R&amp;#38;D credits. In addition, due to the new operations in certain foreign countries, the Company became&#13;subject to local tax laws of such countries. Nonetheless, as of December 31, 2018, due to the insignificant expenditures in such&#13;countries, there was no material tax effect to the Company&amp;#8217;s 2018 consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs&#13;Act (&amp;#8220;TCJA&amp;#8221;) of 2017 was enacted by the U.S. President. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 is effective as of January&#13;1, 2018. In accordance with ASC guidance, deferred tax assets/liabilities in the Company&amp;#8217;s financial statements are to be&#13;reflected at the tax rate in which the deferred tax assets/liabilities are anticipated to be realized. As a result, the Company&#13;changed the tax rate for tax provision purposes commencing on December 31, 2017 from 34% to 21%. This resulted in a reduction of&#13;the value of the Company&amp;#8217;s deferred tax asset balances in the amount of approximately $176,000. The Company completed the&#13;accounting for revaluation of deferred taxes at the new corporate tax rate and did not make any adjustment to the tax impact reported&#13;in 2017. The Company appropriately reflected any tax effects by the provisions included in the TCJA. Such effects are immaterial&#13;to the Company&amp;#8217;s 2018 consolidated financial statement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Development and Collaboration Agreements&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Onxeo S.A.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;The Onxeo license agreement for Validive&#13;includes clinical, regulatory, developmental and sales milestones that could reach up to $108 million if the Company achieves all&#13;milestones, and escalating royalties on net sales from 5% to 10%. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company&#13;had not reached any milestones and has not been required to pay Onxeo any funds under this license agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;XOMA Ltd.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;The intellectual property rights contributed&#13;by Tactic Pharma to the Company included the non-exclusive license agreement with XOMA Ltd. for the humanization technology used&#13;in the development of MNPR-101. Pursuant to such license agreement, the Company is obligated to pay XOMA Ltd. clinical, regulatory&#13;and sales milestones for MNPR-101 and zero royalties. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had not reached&#13;any milestones and has not been required to pay XOMA Ltd. any funds under this license agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Leases&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;Commencing January 1, 2018, the Company&#13;entered into a lease for its executive headquarters at 1000 Skokie Blvd., Suite 350, Wilmette, Illinois. The lease term is January&#13;1, 2018 through December 31, 2019. The Company also leased office space in Seattle, Washington, from November 1, 2017 to July 31,&#13;2018. The future lease commitments as presented below represent amounts for the Company&amp;#8217;s lease of its executive headquarters.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 43%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 43%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;30,234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total future lease payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;30,234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Legal Contingencies&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company may be subject to claims&#13;and assessments from time to time in the ordinary course of business. No claims have been asserted to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Indemnification&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;In the normal course of business,&#13;the Company enters into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general&#13;indemnification. The Company&amp;#8217;s exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against&#13;the Company in the future, but that have not yet been made. To date, the Company has not paid any claims or been required to defend&#13;any action related to its indemnification obligations. However, the Company may record charges in the future as a result of these&#13;indemnification obligations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -60pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;In accordance with its amended and&#13;restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, the Company has indemnification obligations to its officers and directors for&#13;certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while they are serving at the Company&amp;#8217;s request in such capacity.&#13;There have been no claims to date.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Development and Collaboration Agreements&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-indent: 40pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Onxeo S.A.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt"&gt;The Onxeo license agreement for Validive&#13;includes clinical, regulatory, developmental and sales milestones that could reach up to $108 million if the Company achieves all&#13;milestones, and escalating royalties on net sales from 5% to 10%. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company&#13;had not reached any of these milestones and has not been required to pay Onxeo any funds under this license agreement other than&#13;the one-time license fee.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Grupo Espa&amp;#241;ol de Investigaci&amp;#243;n en Sarcomas&#13;(&amp;#8220;GEIS&amp;#8221;)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In June 2019, the Company executed a clinical collaboration with GEIS for the development of camsirubicin in patients&#13;with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (&amp;#8220;ASTS&amp;#8221;). GEIS will be the study sponsor and will lead a multi-country, randomized,&#13;open-label Phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate camsirubicin head-to-head against doxorubicin in patients with ASTS. Enrollment of&#13;the trial is expected to begin in early 2020 and will include approximately 170 ASTS patients.&amp;#160; The Company will provide study&#13;drug and supplemental financial support for the clinical trial averaging approximately $1 million to $2 million per year. The Company&#13;can terminate the agreement by providing GEIS with advance notice, and without affecting the Company&amp;#8217;s rights and ownership&#13;to any intellectual property or clinical data.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;XOMA Ltd.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The intellectual property rights contributed&#13;by Tactic Pharma to the Company included the non-exclusive license agreement with XOMA Ltd. for the humanization technology used&#13;in the development of MNPR-101. Pursuant to such license agreement, the Company is obligated to pay XOMA Ltd. clinical, regulatory&#13;and sales milestones for MNPR-101 but is not required to pay royalties on product sales. During the three and six months ended&#13;June 30, 2019, the Company had not reached any milestones and has not been required to pay XOMA Ltd. any funds under this license&#13;agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Operating Leases&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Commencing January 1, 2018, the Company&#13;entered into a lease for its executive headquarters at 1000 Skokie Blvd., Suite 350, Wilmette, Illinois. The lease term is January&#13;1, 2018 through December 31, 2019. In addition, effective February 2019, the Company leases on a month-to-month basis additional&#13;office space in the same building.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;During the three and six months ended&#13;June 30, 2019, the Company recognized operating lease expense of $13,462 and $24,965, respectively. During the three and six months&#13;ended June 30, 2018, the Company recognized operating lease expense of $9,344 and $22,585, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;As a result of the adoption of ASU&#13;2016-02, as amended by ASU 2018-10, as of June 30, 2019, the Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated balance sheet includes (a)&#13;a lease liability of $15,117 in other current liabilities, and (b) a right-of-use asset of $15,117 in other current assets. Due&#13;to the adoption of the standard using the retrospective cumulative-effect adjustment method, there are no changes to our previously&#13;reported results prior to January 1, 2019. The effect on the operating lease expense was nominal as a result of the adoption of&#13;ASU 2016-02, as amended by ASU 2018-10.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The future lease commitments as presented&#13;below represent amounts for the Company&amp;#8217;s lease of its executive headquarters.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 82%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;2019 (July 1 to December 31)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;15,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total future lease payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;15,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Legal Contingencies&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company is subject to claims and&#13;assessments from time to time in the ordinary course of business. No claims have been asserted to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -20pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Indemnification&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In the normal course of business, the&#13;Company enters into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general indemnification.&#13;The Company&amp;#8217;s exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against the Company&#13;in the future, but that have not yet been made. To date, the Company has not paid any claims nor been required to defend any action&#13;related to its indemnification obligations. However, the Company may record charges in the future as a result of future claims&#13;against these indemnification obligations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In accordance with its amended and&#13;restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, the Company has indemnification obligations to its officers and directors for&#13;certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while they are serving at the Company&amp;#8217;s request in such capacities.&#13;There have been no claims to date.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;These consolidated financial statements&#13;include the books of Monopar Therapeutics Inc., its French branch, its wholly-owned French subsidiary, Monopar Therapeutics, SARL&#13;and its wholly-owned Australian subsidiary, Monopar Therapeutics Pty Ltd and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles&#13;generally accepted in the United States (&amp;#8220;GAAP&amp;#8221;) and include all disclosures required by GAAP for financial reporting.&#13;The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below and have been consistently&#13;applied in all periods presented. The Company has been primarily involved in performing research activities, developing product&#13;candidates, and raising capital to support and expand these activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Certain reclassifications have been&#13;made to the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 to conform to the year ended&#13;December 31, 2017 presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s net loss, total assets, or stockholders&amp;#8217;&#13;equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;These condensed consolidated financial&#13;statements include the financial results of Monopar Therapeutics Inc., its French branch, its wholly-owned French subsidiary, Monopar&#13;Therapeutics, SARL, and its wholly-owned Australian subsidiary, Monopar Therapeutics Pty Ltd and have been prepared in accordance&#13;with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (&amp;#8220;GAAP&amp;#8221;) and include all disclosures required by&#13;GAAP for interim financial reporting. All intercompany accounts have been eliminated. The principal accounting policies applied&#13;in the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements are set out below and have been consistently applied in&#13;all periods presented. The Company has been primarily involved in performing research activities, developing product candidates,&#13;and raising capital to support and expand these activities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Certain reclassifications have been&#13;made to the Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 to conform&#13;to the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s comprehensive&#13;loss, total assets, or stockholders&amp;#8217; equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In the opinion of management, the accompanying&#13;unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all normal, recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the&#13;Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated financial position as of June 30, 2019 and as of December 31, 2018, the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;condensed consolidated results of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018,&#13;and the Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The condensed consolidated&#13;results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the consolidated results of operations&#13;or cash flows which may be reported for the remainder of 2019&amp;#160;or for any future period. Certain information and footnote disclosures&#13;normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted.&amp;#160;The accompanying&#13;unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements&#13;and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in the Company&amp;#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the&#13;United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the &amp;#8220;SEC&amp;#8221;) on February 26, 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company's consolidated functional&#13;currency is the U.S. Dollar. The Company's Australian subsidiary and French subsidiary use the Australian Dollar and European Euro,&#13;respectively, as their functional currency. At each quarter end, each foreign subsidiary's balance sheets are translated into U.S.&#13;Dollars based upon the quarter-end exchange rate, while their statements of operations and comprehensive loss are translated into&#13;U.S. Dollars based upon an average exchange rate during the period.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Comprehensive loss represents net loss&#13;plus any gains or losses not reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations, such as foreign currency translations&#13;gains and losses that are typically reflected on a Company&amp;#8217;s condensed consolidated statements of stockholders&amp;#8217; equity.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomePolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:UseOfEstimates contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The preparation of financial statements&#13;in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,&#13;disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the consolidated financial statements&#13;and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:UseOfEstimates>
    <us-gaap:UseOfEstimates contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The preparation of financial statements&#13;in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,&#13;disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the condensed consolidated financial&#13;statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:UseOfEstimates>
    <us-gaap:SubstantialDoubtAboutGoingConcernTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standards&#13;Updates (&amp;#8220;ASU&amp;#8221;) 2014-15, &lt;i&gt;Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity&amp;#8217;s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,&lt;/i&gt;&#13;which the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&amp;#8220;FASB&amp;#8221;) issued to provide guidance on determining when and how reporting&#13;companies must disclose going-concern uncertainties in their financial statements. The ASU requires management to perform interim&#13;and annual assessments of an entity&amp;#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date of issuance of the&#13;entity&amp;#8217;s financial statements (or within one year after the date on which the financial statements are available to be issued,&#13;when applicable). Further, a company must provide certain disclosures if there is &amp;#8220;substantial doubt about the entity&amp;#8217;s&#13;ability to continue as a going concern.&amp;#8221; In February 2019, the Company analyzed its minimum cash requirements through March&#13;2020 and has determined that, based upon the Company&amp;#8217;s current available cash, the Company has no substantial doubt about&#13;its ability to continue as a going concern.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SubstantialDoubtAboutGoingConcernTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SubstantialDoubtAboutGoingConcernTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standards&#13;Updates (&amp;#8220;ASU&amp;#8221;) 2014-15, &lt;i&gt;Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity&amp;#8217;s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,&lt;/i&gt;&#13;which the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&amp;#8220;FASB&amp;#8221;) issued to provide guidance on determining when and how reporting&#13;companies must disclose going-concern uncertainties in their financial statements. The ASU requires management to perform interim&#13;and annual assessments of an entity&amp;#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date of issuance of the&#13;entity&amp;#8217;s financial statements (or within one year after the date on which the financial statements are available to be issued,&#13;when applicable). Further, a company must provide certain disclosures if there is &amp;#8220;substantial doubt about the entity&amp;#8217;s&#13;ability to continue as a going concern.&amp;#8221; In July 2019, the Company analyzed its minimum cash requirements through September&#13;2020 and has determined that, based upon the Company&amp;#8217;s current available cash, the Company has no substantial doubt about&#13;its ability to continue as a going concern.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SubstantialDoubtAboutGoingConcernTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;On July 9, 2015, the Company entered&#13;into a Clinical Trial and Option Agreement (&amp;#8220;CTOA&amp;#8221;) with Cancer Research UK. Pursuant to the CTOA, the Company deposited&#13;$0.8 million into an escrow account to cover certain future indemnities, claims or potential termination costs incurred by Cancer&#13;Research UK. Restricted cash was $0 as of December 31, 2018 and $0.8 million as of December 31, 2017. In connection with a portfolio&#13;reprioritization review, on March 21, 2018, Cancer Research UK notified us that it was terminating the CTOA and transferred to&#13;us the data generated under the CTOA. These funds were released from escrow in September 2018 and were deposited into a money market&#13;account and reclassified as cash equivalents.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy>
    <MONO:PrepaidExpensesPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Prepayments are expenditures for goods&#13;or services before the goods are used or the services are received and are charged to operations as the benefits are realized.&#13;Prepaid expenses include insurance premiums and software costs that are expensed monthly over the life of the contract.&lt;/p&gt;</MONO:PrepaidExpensesPolicyTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Financial instruments that potentially&#13;subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents&#13;at one financial institution. As of December 31, 2018, cash and cash equivalents were in excess of the $250,000 Federal Deposit&#13;Insurance Corporation (&amp;#8220;FDIC&amp;#8221;) insurable limit.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk>
    <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Financial instruments that potentially&#13;subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31,&#13;2018, the Company maintained cash and cash equivalents at two financial institutions. Balances at one financial institution for&#13;both periods presented were in excess of the $250,000 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (&amp;#8220;FDIC&amp;#8221;) insurable limit.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk>
    <us-gaap:FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;For financial instruments consisting&#13;of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, deferred offering costs, accounts payable and accrued expenses, the carrying amounts&#13;are reasonable estimates of fair value due to their relatively short maturities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standard&#13;Codification (&amp;#8220;ASC&amp;#8221;) 820, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,&lt;/i&gt; as amended, addressing the measurement of&#13;the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities. Under this standard, fair value is defined as the price that would&#13;be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the &amp;#8220;exit price&amp;#8221;) in an orderly transaction between&#13;market participants at the measurement date.&lt;br /&gt;&#13;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In determining fair values of all reported&#13;assets and liabilities that represent financial instruments, the Company uses the carrying market values of such amounts. The standard&#13;establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use&#13;of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs reflect assumptions&#13;market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable&#13;inputs reflect a reporting entity&amp;#8217;s pricing an asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the&#13;circumstances. The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 1&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 2&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 3&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained without observable market values and require a high-level of judgment to determine the fair value.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Determining which category an asset&#13;or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each reporting&#13;period. There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2018 and&#13;2017. The following table presents the assets and liabilities recorded that are reported at fair value on our consolidated balance&#13;sheets on a recurring basis.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy>
    <us-gaap:FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;For financial instruments consisting&#13;of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, deferred offering costs, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses&#13;and other current liabilities, the carrying amounts are reasonable estimates of fair value due to their relatively short maturities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company adopted Accounting Standard&#13;Codification&lt;font style="color: #F2F2F2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;(&amp;#8220;ASC&amp;#8221;) 820, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,&lt;/i&gt;&#13;as amended, addressing the measurement of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities. Under this standard, fair&#13;value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;(i.e., the &amp;#8220;exit&#13;price&amp;#8221;) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In determining fair values of all reported&#13;assets and liabilities that represent financial instruments, the Company uses the carrying market values of such amounts. The standard&#13;establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use&#13;of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs reflect assumptions&#13;market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable&#13;inputs reflect a reporting entity&amp;#8217;s pricing an asset or liability developed based on the best information available under&#13;the circumstances. The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 1&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 2&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 20pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Level 3&lt;/i&gt; - instrument valuations&#13;are obtained without observable market values and require a high-level of judgment to determine the fair value.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Determining which category an asset&#13;or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each reporting&#13;period. There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the three and six months ended June&#13;30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018. The following table presents the assets and liabilities recorded that are reported&#13;at fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheets on a recurring basis. No values were recorded in Level 2 or Level 3&#13;for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -60pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Assets and Liabilities Measured&#13;at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2019&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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Beginning on December 16, 2015, the Company uses an asset and liability approach for accounting&#13;for deferred income taxes, which requires recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax&#13;consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements, but have not been reflected in its taxable income.&#13;Estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of certain tax liabilities and in the determination of the recoverability of certain&#13;deferred income tax assets, which arise from temporary differences and carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities&#13;are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those tax assets&#13;and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company regularly assesses the likelihood&#13;that its deferred income tax assets will be realized from recoverable income taxes or recovered from future taxable income. To&#13;the extent that the Company believes any amounts are more likely not to be realized, the Company records a valuation allowance&#13;to reduce the deferred income tax assets. In the event the Company determines that all or part of the net deferred tax assets are&#13;not realizable in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be charged to earnings in the period such determination&#13;is made. Similarly, if the Company subsequently realizes deferred income tax assets that were previously determined to be unrealizable,&#13;the respective valuation allowance would be reversed, resulting in an adjustment to earnings in the period such determination is&#13;made.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Internal Revenue Code Section 382 provides that,&#13;after an ownership change, the amount of a loss corporation&amp;#8217;s net operating loss (&amp;#8220;NOL&amp;#8221;) for any post-change&#13;year that may be offset by pre-change losses shall not exceed the section 382 limitation for that year. Because the Company will&#13;continue to raise equity in the coming years, section 382 may limit the Company&amp;#8217;s usage of NOLs in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Based on the available evidence, the Company&#13;believed it was not likely to utilize its minimal deferred tax assets in the future and as a result, the Company recorded a full&#13;valuation allowance as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The Company intends to maintain the valuation allowance until sufficient&#13;evidence exists to support their reversal. The Company regularly reviews its tax positions and for a tax benefit to be recognized,&#13;the related tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. Any amount recognized is generally the&#13;largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon settlement. The Company&amp;#8217;s policy is to recognize interest&#13;and penalties related to income tax matters as an income tax expense. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company&#13;did not have any interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company is subject to U.S. Federal, Illinois&#13;and California income taxes. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws&#13;and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. The Company was incorporated on December 16, 2015 and is subject to&#13;U.S. Federal, state and local tax examinations by tax authorities for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 and for&#13;the short tax period December 16, 2015 to December 31, 2015. The Company does not anticipate significant changes to its current&#13;uncertain tax positions through December 31, 2018. The Company plans on filing its tax returns for the year ending December 31,&#13;2018 prior to the filing deadlines in all jurisdictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs&#13;Act of 2017 was enacted. The Tax Reform Bill was effective as of January 1, 2018. In accordance with ASC guidance, deferred tax&#13;assets/liabilities in the Company&amp;#8217;s financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, were reflected at&#13;the tax rate in which the deferred tax assets/liabilities are anticipated to be realized. As a result, the Company changed the&#13;tax rate for tax provision purposes commencing on December 31, 2017 from 34% to 21%.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;From December 2014 to December 16,&#13;2015, the Company was an LLC taxed as a partnership under the Internal Revenue Code, during which period the members separately&#13;accounted for their pro-rata share of income, deductions, losses, and credits of the Company. On December 16, 2015, the Company&#13;converted from an LLC to a C Corporation. On December 16, 2015, the Company began using an asset and liability approach for accounting&#13;for deferred income taxes, which requires recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax&#13;consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements, but have not been reflected in its taxable income.&#13;Estimates and judgments are required in the calculation of certain tax liabilities and in the determination of the recoverability&#13;of certain deferred income tax assets, which arise from temporary differences and carry forwards. Deferred income tax assets and&#13;liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that apply to taxable income in effect for the years in which those&#13;tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company regularly assesses the&#13;likelihood that its deferred income tax assets will be realized from recoverable income taxes or recovered from future taxable&#13;income. To the extent that the Company believes any amounts are more likely than not to be realized, the Company records a valuation&#13;allowance to reduce the deferred income tax assets. In the event the Company determines that all or part of the net deferred tax&#13;assets are not realizable in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance would be charged to earnings in the period such&#13;determination is made. Similarly, if the Company subsequently realizes deferred income tax assets that were previously determined&#13;to be unrealizable are now realizable, the respective valuation allowance would be reversed, resulting in an adjustment to earnings&#13;in the period such determination is made.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Internal Revenue Code Section 382 provides&#13;that, after an ownership change, the amount of a loss corporation&amp;#8217;s net operating loss (&amp;#8220;NOL&amp;#8221;) for any post-change&#13;year that may be offset by pre-change losses shall not exceed the section 382 limitation for that year. Because the Company will&#13;continue to raise equity in the coming years, section 382 will limit the Company&amp;#8217;s usage of NOLs in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 6.75pt 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Accounting Standards Codification&#13;(&amp;#8220;ASC&amp;#8221;) 740, &lt;i&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/i&gt;, requires that the tax benefit of net operating losses, temporary differences, and&#13;credit carryforwards be recorded as an asset to the extent that management assesses that realization is &amp;#34;more likely than not.&amp;#34;&#13;Realization of the future tax benefits is dependent on the Company's ability to generate sufficient taxable income within the carryforward&#13;period. The Company has reviewed the positive and negative evidence relating to the realizability of the deferred tax assets and&#13;has concluded that the deferred tax assets are not more likely than not to be realized with the exception of its U.S. Federal R&amp;#38;D&#13;tax credits which will be utilized to reduce payroll taxes in future periods. The Company intends to maintain the valuation allowance&#13;until sufficient evidence exists to support its reversal. The Company regularly reviews its tax positions. For a tax benefit to&#13;be recognized, the related tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. Any amount recognized is&#13;generally the largest benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon settlement. The Company&amp;#8217;s policy is to recognize&#13;interest and penalties related to income tax matters as an income tax expense. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019&#13;and 2018, the Company did not have any interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company is subject to U.S. Federal,&#13;Illinois and California income taxes. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related&#13;tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. The Company was incorporated on December 16, 2015 and is subject&#13;to U.S. Federal, state and local tax examinations by tax authorities for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for the&#13;short tax period December 16, 2015 to December 31, 2015. The Company does not anticipate significant changes to its current uncertain&#13;tax positions through June 30, 2019. The Company plans on filing its tax returns for the year ended December 31, 2018 prior to&#13;the extended filing deadlines in all jurisdictions.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company accounts for stock-based&#13;compensation arrangements with employees, non-employee directors and consultants using a fair value method, which requires the&#13;recognition of compensation expense for costs related to all stock-based payments, including stock options. The fair value method&#13;requires the Company to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Stock-based compensation costs for options granted to employees and non-employee directors are based on the fair&#13;value of the underlying option calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the date of grant for stock options and&#13;recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Determining the&#13;appropriate fair value model and related assumptions requires judgment, including estimating stock price volatility, forfeiture&#13;rates and expected term. The expected volatility rates are estimated based on the historical volatility of comparable public companies&#13;over a historical term equal to the expected term in duration. The Company selected these companies based on comparable characteristics,&#13;including market capitalization, stage of development and with historical share price information sufficient to meet the expected&#13;life of the stock-based awards. The expected term for options granted to date is estimated using the simplified method. Forfeitures&#13;are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.&#13;The Company has not paid dividends and does not anticipate paying a cash dividend in the future vesting period and, accordingly,&#13;uses an expected dividend yield of zero. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities&#13;consistent with the estimated expected term of the awards. The measurement of consultant share-based compensation is subject to&#13;periodic adjustments as the underlying equity instruments vest and is recognized as an expense over the period over which services&#13;are rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company accounts for stock-based&#13;compensation arrangements with employees, non-employee directors and consultants using a fair value method, which requires the&#13;recognition of compensation expense for costs related to all stock-based payments, including stock options. The fair value method&#13;requires the Company to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;Stock-based compensation costs for&#13;options granted to employees and non-employee directors are based on the fair value of the underlying option calculated using the&#13;Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the date of grant for stock options and recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over&#13;the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Determining the appropriate fair value model and related assumptions&#13;requires judgment, including estimating the future stock price volatility, forfeiture rates and expected term. The expected volatility&#13;rates are estimated based on the actual volatility of comparable public companies over recent historical periods of the same length&#13;as the expected term. The Company selected these companies based on comparable characteristics, including market capitalization,&#13;stage of development and with historical share price information sufficient to meet the expected term (life) of the stock-based&#13;awards. The expected term for options granted to date is estimated using the simplified method. Forfeitures are estimated at the&#13;time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company has&#13;not paid dividends and does not anticipate paying a cash dividend in the future vesting period and, accordingly, uses an expected&#13;dividend yield of zero. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities consistent&#13;with the estimated expected term of the awards. Prior to January 1, 2019, the measurement of consultant stock-based compensation&#13;was subject to periodic adjustments as the underlying equity instruments vest. Since January 1, 2019, consultant stock-based compensation&#13;is valued on the grant date and is recognized as an expense over the period in which services are rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy>
    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2016-01, &lt;i&gt;Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities&lt;/i&gt;. The purpose is to enhance the reporting&#13;model for financial instruments to provide users of financial statements with more decision-useful information. The Company has&#13;adopted this ASU and determined that it does not have a material effect on its financial condition and consolidated results of&#13;operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2016-02, &lt;i&gt;Leases&lt;/i&gt;, which has been amended by ASU No. 2018-10, &lt;i&gt;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&lt;/i&gt;, which&#13;for operating leases, requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present&#13;value of the lease payments, in its balance sheet. The standard also requires a lessee to recognize a single lease cost, calculated&#13;so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term, generally on a straight-line basis. This ASU was further amended&#13;by ASU No. 2018-11, &lt;i&gt;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&lt;/i&gt;, issued in July 2018. The ASU 2018-11 is intended to reduce&#13;costs and ease implementation of the &lt;i&gt;Leases&lt;/i&gt; standard for financial statement preparers. ASU 2018-11 provides a new transition&#13;method and a practical expedient for separating components of a contract. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company in the&#13;first quarter of 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting&#13;standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2017-01, &lt;i&gt;Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#8220;ASU No. 2017-01&amp;#8221;).&#13;The amendments in ASU No. 2017-01 clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities&#13;with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition&#13;of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill and consolidation. For public companies,&#13;the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods.&#13;For all other companies and organizations, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and&#13;interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company has adopted this ASU and determined it does&#13;not have a material impact on its financial condition and consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the&#13;year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No.&#13;2017-09, &lt;i&gt;Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting&lt;/i&gt;. The amendment amends the scope of&#13;modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements, provides guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions&#13;of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting under ASC 718. This ASU is&#13;effective for all entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017.&#13;The Company has adopted this ASU and determined that it does not have a material effect on its financial condition and consolidated&#13;results of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No.&#13;2017-11, &lt;i&gt;Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480) Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)&#13;(Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral&#13;for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling&#13;Interests with a Scope Exception&lt;/i&gt;. This ASU simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features,&#13;a provision in an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) that provides a downward adjustment of the current exercise&#13;price based on the price of future equity offerings. Down round features are common in warrants, convertible preferred shares,&#13;and convertible debt instruments issued by private companies and development-stage public companies. This new ASU requires companies&#13;to disregard the down round feature when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of determining&#13;liability or equity classification. The provisions of this new ASU related to down rounds are effective for public business entities&#13;for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. For all other entities, the&#13;amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning&#13;after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting&#13;this new accounting standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-03, &lt;i&gt;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments &amp;#8211; Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition&#13;and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities&lt;/i&gt;, that clarifies the guidance in ASU No. 2016-01, &lt;i&gt;Financial&#13;Instruments &amp;#8211; Overall (Subtopic 825-10)&lt;/i&gt;. For public business entities, ASU 2018-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning&#13;after June 15, 2018. Public business entities with fiscal years beginning between December 15, 2017, and June 15, 2018, are not&#13;required to adopt ASU 2018-03 until the interim period beginning after June 15, 2018. The Company has early adopted this ASU and&#13;determined that it does not have a material effect on its financial condition and consolidated results of operations and comprehensive&#13;loss for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-05, &lt;i&gt;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118.&lt;/i&gt; This&#13;ASU amends certain SEC material on Topic 740 for the income tax accounting implications of the recently issued Tax Cuts and JOBS&#13;Act. ASU 2018-05 is effective upon inclusion in the FASB Codification. The Company has adopted this ASU and determined it does&#13;not have a material impact on its financial condition and consolidated results of operations and comprehensive loss for the year&#13;ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No.&#13;2018-07, &lt;i&gt;Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting&lt;/i&gt;. The ASU&#13;is intended to reduce the cost and complexity and to improve financial reporting for nonemployee share-based payments. The ASU&#13;expands the scope of Topic 718, &lt;i&gt;Compensation&amp;#8212;Stock Compensation&lt;/i&gt; (which currently only includes share-based payments&#13;to employees) to include share-based payments issued to nonemployees for goods or services. Consequently, the accounting for share-based&#13;payments to nonemployees and employees will be substantially aligned. The ASU supersedes Subtopic 505-50, &lt;i&gt;Equity&amp;#8212;Equity-Based&#13;Payments to Non-Employees&lt;/i&gt;. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December&#13;15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. For all other companies, the amendments are effective for fiscal years&#13;beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is&#13;permitted, but no earlier than a company&amp;#8217;s adoption date of Topic 606, &lt;i&gt;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&lt;/i&gt;. The&#13;Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on its consolidated financial statements&#13;and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-13, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&amp;#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair&#13;Value Measurement.&lt;/i&gt; The ASU modifies, and in certain cases eliminates, the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements&#13;in Topic 820. The amendments in ASU No. 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those&#13;fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed&#13;or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective&#13;date. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on its consolidated financial&#13;statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0pt; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;No. 2018-13, &lt;i&gt;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&amp;#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair&#13;Value Measurement.&lt;/i&gt; The ASU modifies, and in certain cases eliminates, the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements&#13;in Topic 820.&amp;#160;The amendments in ASU No. 2018-13 are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within&#13;those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed&#13;or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective&#13;date. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on its condensed consolidated&#13;financial statements and footnote disclosures.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 -40pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Exercise Prices&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Numberof Shares Outstanding&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Number of Shares Fully Vested and Exercisable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;0.001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;555,520&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 15%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;7.7 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 15%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;406,280&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 3%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;7.6 years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;550,376&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;9.5 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;58,910&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;8.9 years&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,105,896&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;465,190&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise Prices&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of Shares subject to Options Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of Shares Subject to Options Fully Vested and Exercisable&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;0.001&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;555,520&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 17%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;7.2 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;440,720&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 21%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;7.1 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;550,376&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;9.0 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;175,212&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;8.9 years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,105,896&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;615,932&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash recorded on the Company&amp;#8217;s Balance Sheet&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;5,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Assembled Workforce recorded as In-process Research and Development Expense on &lt;br /&gt;the Company&amp;#8217;s Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;9,886&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Camsirubicin (GPX-150) recorded as In-process Research and Development Expense on &lt;br /&gt;the Company&amp;#8217;s Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;13,491,736&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total Gem Transaction&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;18,501,622&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="7" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;As of December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font: bold 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Deferred tax assets:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 56%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Net operating loss carryforwards&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;467,186&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;186,019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Tax credit carryforwards&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;107,969&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;30,143&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Stock compensation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;138,111&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;58,536&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Intangible asset basis differences&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,053,518&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;730,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Gross deferred tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,766,784&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,005,345&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(1,690,811&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(1,000,987&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;75,973&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,358&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Deferred tax liabilities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Net deferred tax liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 16pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Net deferred taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;75,973&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,358&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfFutureMinimumRentalPaymentsForOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 43%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 43%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;30,234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total future lease payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;30,234&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfFutureMinimumRentalPaymentsForOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfFutureMinimumRentalPaymentsForOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 82%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;2019 (July 1 to December 31)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;15,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total future lease payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;15,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfFutureMinimumRentalPaymentsForOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="Shares" decimals="INF">1105896</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
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    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30" unitRef="Shares" decimals="INF">1105896</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
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   &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 20%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,872,982&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,872,982&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Restricted cash(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,031&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,873,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;9,673,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(1) Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;investments in two money market accounts at December 31, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 24px"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Restricted cash represents the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investments in an $800,000 certificate of deposit and $31 in a money market account at December 31, 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 20%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 96%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investments in a money market account at December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding: 0.75pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;December 31, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Level 2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 20%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,872,982&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 19%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,872,982&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Restricted cash(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,031&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;8,873,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;800,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 8pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 8pt; text-align: right"&gt;9,673,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 8pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(1) Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;investments in two money market accounts at December 31, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 24px"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Restricted cash represents the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investments in an $800,000 certificate of deposit and $31 in a money market account at December 31, 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2019&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Level 1&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;5,066,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investment in a money market account at June 30, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Level 1&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6,788,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt double"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 72px; padding-left: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding: 0.75pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Cash equivalents represent the fair value of the Company&amp;#8217;s investment in a money market account at December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 12pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-size: 12pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 12pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&amp;#160;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 12pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options Available&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&amp;#160;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted-Average Exercise Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 46%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Balances at January 1, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;420,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; text-align: right"&gt;280,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5%; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 11%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;0.001&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Board-approved increase in option pool(1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;900,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Granted (2)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(378,592&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;378,592&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1.63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Balances at December 31, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;941,408&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;658,592&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;0.94&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Granted(3)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(487,304&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;487,304&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;6.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited(4)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;6.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balances at December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;494,104&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;1,105,896&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;2.99&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 27pt; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options Available&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted-Average Exercise Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 34%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balances at January 1, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;941,408&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;658,592&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 3%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 15%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;0.94&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 4%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Granted(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(487,304&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;487,304&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Forfeited(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;40,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;(40,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;6.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;Exercised&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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   &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balances at December 31, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;494,104&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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    <dei:AmendmentDescription contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-06-30">To update financials.</dei:AmendmentDescription>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Federal income tax&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 10%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right"&gt;21.00&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;State income taxes, less federal benefit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;0.78&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Tax Credits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1.87&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Permanent differences&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-0.13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Change in valuation allowances&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-20.92&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-0.43&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"&gt;Effective Tax Rate Benefit (expense)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;2.17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="7"&gt;&#13;        &lt;p style="font: 8pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;        &lt;p style="font: 8pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;As of December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Current:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="3" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Federal&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 58%; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-indent: 8pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;State&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 8%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 8%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 5.4pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total current&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 5.4pt; text-indent: 22.65pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Deferred:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 5.4pt; text-indent: 8pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Federal&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(71,615&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 5.4pt; text-indent: 8pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;State&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 5.4pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total deferred&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(71,615&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 5.4pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Full valuation allowance&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 5.4pt; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total provision&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(71,615&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 0px"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total provision consists of U.S. Federal R&amp;#38;D credits, net of California minimum tax.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 8pt/107% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">49334</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">13076</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees contextRef="From2018-04-01to2018-06-30" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">39584</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">92584</us-gaap:LegalFees>
</xbrli:xbrl>


