Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are derived using inputs (assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability) including assumptions about risk. GAAP categorizes inputs used in fair value measurements into three broad levels as follows:

•(Level 2) Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•(Level 3) Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes valuation techniques that involve significant unobservable inputs.

Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and debt. The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. Debt consists of outstanding principal under our revolving credit agreement (which approximates fair value as interest rates are reset frequently at current interest rates) and our fixed interest rate senior notes.


		September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Financial Instrument	Fair Value Input Level	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
		(In thousands)
Liabilities:

5% Senior Notes	Level 2	$	493,793	$	441,120	$	493,049	$	502,705
6.375% Senior Notes	Level 2	394,004		381,508		—		—
Total Liabilities		$	887,797	$	822,628	$	493,049	$	502,705

Our senior notes are measured at fair value using Level 2 inputs. The fair value of the senior notes is based on market values provided by a third-party bank, which were derived using market quotes for similar type debt instruments. See Note 10 for additional information.

The HEP Transaction was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting, with the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their respective acquisition date fair values at the Closing Date. The fair value measurements were based on a combination of valuation methods including discounted cash flows, the guideline public company method, the market approach and obsolescence adjusted replacement costs, all of which are Level 3 inputs.

For the net investments in sales-type leases recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the estimated fair value of the underlying leased assets at contract inception and the present value of the estimated unguaranteed residual asset at the end of the lease term are used in determining the net investment in leases recorded. The asset valuation estimates include Level 3 inputs based on a replacement cost valuation method.