| Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block] |
Net property at December 31 was as follows (in millions): | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2021 | | 2022 | | Land | $ | 450 | | | $ | 371 | | | Buildings and land improvements | 12,438 | | | 11,946 | | | Machinery, equipment, and other | 39,636 | | | 38,964 | | | Software | 4,598 | | | 5,042 | | | Construction in progress | 2,152 | | | 3,203 | | | Total land, plant and equipment, and other | 59,274 | | | 59,526 | | | Accumulated depreciation | (32,342) | | | (31,781) | | | Net land, plant and equipment, and other | 26,932 | | | 27,745 | | | Tooling, net of amortization | 10,207 | | | 9,520 | | | Total | $ | 37,139 | | | $ | 37,265 | |
Property-related expenses, excluding net investment in operating leases, for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | Depreciation and other amortization | $ | 2,792 | | | $ | 2,986 | | | $ | 2,878 | | | Tooling amortization | 2,747 | | | 2,706 | | | 2,556 | | | Total (a) | $ | 5,539 | | | $ | 5,692 | | | $ | 5,434 | | | | | | | | | Maintenance and rearrangement | $ | 1,670 | | | $ | 1,940 | | | $ | 2,083 | |
__________ (a) Includes impairment of held-for-sale long-lived assets. See Note 22 for additional information.
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