| STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION |
NOTE
9 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
In
connection with the Business Combination, the Company assumed the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2021 Omnibus Plan”),
which was approved by LACQ’s board and subsequently LACQ’s stockholders at a special stockholder meeting on June 28, 2021.
The 2021 Omnibus Plan provides for the conversion with existing terms of the 18,432 options outstanding under Former Ensysce stock plans
and reserves for issuance an additional 4,166 shares for future awards under the 2021 Omnibus Plan. No further awards may be made under
the Former Ensysce stock plans.
In
January 2022, the 2021 Omnibus Plan was amended and restated to include an additional 12,500 shares available for future grant and to
provide for future annual increases. In February 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an annual increase of 26,725 shares
available for future grant.
The
Company recognized within general and administrative expense stock-based compensation expense of $41,336 and $198,000 for the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2023 and $128,357 and $731,126 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company recognized
stock-based compensation expense within research and development of $14,338 and $52,224 for the three and nine months ended September
30, 2023 and $28,791 and $124,034 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Option
Activity
There
were no stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company
granted stock options to purchase an aggregate of 9,545 shares of common stock to employees, consultants, and members of the board of
directors. The options vest over periods between zero and four years and have an exercise price of between $103.20 and $1,507.20 per
share.
The
following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
SCHEDULE OF STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY
| | |
| | |
Weighted
average | | |
| |
| | |
Options | | |
Exercise
price | | |
Remaining
contractual life | | |
Intrinsic
value | |
| Outstanding at December 31, 2022 | |
| 26,334 | | |
$ | 707.63 | | |
| 6.53 | | |
$ | - | |
| Granted | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
| Exercised | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
| Expired / Forfeited | |
| (20 | ) | |
| 770.40 | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
| Outstanding at September 30, 2023 | |
| 26,314 | | |
$ | 707.59 | | |
| 4.74 | | |
| - | |
| Exercisable at September 30, 2023 | |
| 24,505 | | |
| 722.84 | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
| Vested and expected to vest | |
| 26,314 | | |
$ | 707.59 | | |
| 4.74 | | |
| - | |
Option
Valuation
The
fair value of each stock option granted has been determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The material assumptions used
in the Black-Scholes model in estimating the fair value of the options granted for the periods presented were as follows (there were
no grants issued in 2023):
SCHEDULE OF SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AWARD, STOCK OPTIONS, VALUATION ASSUMPTIONS
| | |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022 | |
| Exercise price | |
$ | 103.20 - 1,507.20 | |
| Expected stock price volatility | |
| 76.61 - 95.87 | % |
| Expected term (years) | |
| 5.19 - 10.00 | |
| Risk-free interest rate | |
| 1.52% - 3.14 | % |
| Expected dividend yield | |
| 0.00 | % |
| |
● |
Expected
stock-price volatility. The expected volatility is derived from the historical volatilities of publicly traded companies within
the Company’s industry that the Company considers to be comparable to the Company’s business over a period approximately
equal to the expected term. |
| |
● |
Expected
term. The expected term represents the period that the stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. The Company’s
historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate an expected term due to a
lack of sufficient data. Therefore, the Company estimates the expected term for employees by using the simplified method provided
by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The simplified method calculates the expected term as the average of the time-to-vesting
and the contractual life of the options. |
| |
● |
Risk-free
interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for zero coupon
U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term. |
| |
● |
Expected
dividend yield. The expected dividend is assumed to be zero as the Company has never paid dividends and has no current plans
to pay any dividends on the Company’s common stock. |
The
weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $19.24.
As
of September 30, 2023, the Company had an aggregate of $163,754 of unrecognized share-based compensation cost, which is expected to be
recognized over the weighted average period of 1.32 years.
Restricted
Stock Units
The
following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock units activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
SCHEDULE OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
| | | |
Restricted Stock
Units | | |
Weighted average fair
value | |
| Outstanding at December 31, 2022 | | |
| 1,003 | | |
$ | 120.02 | |
| Released | | |
| (938 | ) | |
| 101.40 | |
| Cancelled | | |
| (2 | ) | |
| 386.40 | |
| Outstanding at September 30, 2023 | | |
| 63 | | |
$ | 388.80 | |
There
were no restricted stock units granted or forfeited during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The remaining awards outstanding
are subject to time-based vesting conditions and are scheduled to vest by December 2023. The estimated fair value of each of the restricted
stock units was determined on the date of grant based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the previous trading
date.
Shares
Reserved for Future Issuance
The
following shares of common stock are reserved for future issuance:
SCHEDULE OF COMMON STOCK FUTURE ISSUANCE
| | |
September 30, 2023 | |
| Awards outstanding under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan | |
| 26,377 | |
| Awards available for future grant under 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan | |
| 617,112 | |
| Warrants outstanding | |
| 4,929,996 | |
| Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuance | |
| 5,573,485 | |
|
NOTE
9 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
In
2016, Former Ensysce adopted the Ensysce Biosciences, Inc. 2016 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan, as
amended, allowed for the issuance of non-statutory stock options, incentive stock options and other equity awards to Former Ensysce’s
employees, directors, and consultants.
In
March 2019, Former Ensysce adopted the 2019 Directors Plan, which was amended in August 2020. The 2019 Directors Plan, as amended, allowed
for the issuance of shares of Former Ensysce’s common stock pursuant to the grant of non-statutory stock options.
In
addition to the 2016 Plan and the 2019 Directors Plan, the Company has two legacy equity incentive plans (the “Legacy Plans”).
No additional equity awards may be made under the Legacy Plans and the outstanding options will expire if unexercised by certain dates
through August 2024.
In
connection with the Business Combination, the Company assumed the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2021 Omnibus Plan”),
which was approved by LACQ’s board and subsequently LACQ’s stockholders at a special stockholder meeting on June 28, 2021.
The 2021 Omnibus Plan provides for the conversion with existing terms of the 18,432 options outstanding under Former Ensysce stock plans
and reserves for issuance an additional 4,166 shares for future awards under the 2021 Omnibus Plan. On January 26, 2022, the 2021 Omnibus
Plan was amended and restated to include an additional 12,500 shares available for future grant and to provide for future annual increases.
No further awards may be made under the Former Ensysce stock plans.
The
Company recognized within general and administrative expense stock-based compensation expense of $919,056 and $121,764 for the year ended
December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the company recognized within research and
development expense stock-based compensation expense of $152,787 and $0, respectively.
Ensysce
Biosciences, Inc.
Notes
to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Option
Activity
During
the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted stock options to purchase an aggregate of 114,550 shares of common stock to employees,
consultants and members of the board of directors. The options vest over periods between zero and four years and have an exercise price
of between $8.50 and $125.60 per share. There were no stock option grants in 2021.
The
following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2022:
SCHEDULE OF STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY
| | |
| | |
Weighted average | | |
| |
| | |
Options | | |
Exercise
price | | |
Remaining
contractual
life | | |
Intrinsic
value | |
| Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | |
| 18,505 | | |
$ | 576.70 | | |
| 6.00 | | |
$ | 10,207,306 | |
| Granted | |
| 9,535 | | |
| 928.11 | | |
| 8.34 | | |
| - | |
| Exercised | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
| Expired / Forfeited | |
| (1,706 | ) | |
| 519.62 | | |
| - | | |
| - | |
| Outstanding at December 31, 2022 | |
| 26,334 | | |
| 707.63 | | |
| 6.53 | | |
| - | |
| Exercisable at December 31, 2022 | |
| 23,258 | | |
| 738.89 | | |
| 6.19 | | |
| - | |
| Vested and expected to vest | |
| 26,334 | | |
| 707.63 | | |
| 6.53 | | |
| - | |
Option
Valuation
The
fair value of each stock option granted has been determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The material assumptions used
in the Black-Scholes model in estimating the fair value of the options granted for the periods presented were as follows (there were
no grants issued in 2021):
SCHEDULE OF SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AWARD, STOCK OPTIONS, VALUATION ASSUMPTIONS
| | |
December 31, 2022 | |
| Exercise price | |
$ | 102.00-1,507.20 | |
| Expected stock price volatility | |
| 76.61% - 95.87 | % |
| Expected term (years) | |
| 5.19-10.00 | |
| Risk-free interest rate | |
| 1.52% - 3.14 | % |
| Expected dividend yield | |
| 0 | % |
| |
● |
Expected
stock-price volatility. The expected volatility is derived from the historical volatilities of comparable publicly traded companies
within the Company’s industry over a period approximately equal to the expected term. The comparable companies were utilized
as the Company’s stock does not have sufficient historical trading activity. |
| |
|
|
| |
● |
Expected
term. The expected term represents the period that the stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. The Company’s
historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate an expected term due to a
lack of sufficient data. Therefore, the Company estimates the expected term for employees by using the simplified method provided
by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The simplified method calculates the expected term as the average of the time-to-vesting
and the contractual life of the options. |
| |
|
|
| |
● |
Risk-free
interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for zero coupon
U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term. |
| |
|
|
| |
● |
Expected
dividend yield. The expected dividend is assumed to be zero as the Company has never paid dividends and has no current plans
to pay any dividends on the Company’s common stock. |
Ensysce
Biosciences, Inc.
Notes
to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The
weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 was $230.89. There were no options granted
during the year ended December 31, 2021.
As
of December 31, 2022, the Company had an aggregate of $361,863 of unrecognized share-based compensation cost, which is expected to be
recognized over the weighted average period of 1.61 years.
Restricted
Stock Units
The
following table summarizes the Company’s restricted stock units activity during the year ended December 31, 2022:
SCHEDULE OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
| | |
Restricted
Stock Units | | |
Weighted
average fair
value | |
| Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | |
| - | | |
$ | - | |
| Granted | |
| 5,320 | | |
| 215.22 | |
| Released | |
| (3,485 | ) | |
| 294.29 | |
| Cancelled | |
| (832 | ) | |
| - | |
| Outstanding at December 31, 2022 | |
| 1,003 | | |
$ | 120.02 | |
The
remaining awards outstanding are subject to time-based vesting conditions and are scheduled to vest by December 2023. The estimated
fair value of each of the Company’s restricted stock unit awards was determined on the date of grant based on the closing
price of the Company’s common stock on the previous trading date.
Shares
Reserved for Future Issuance
The
following shares of common stock are reserved for future issuance:
SCHEDULE OF COMMON STOCK FUTURE ISSUANCE
| | |
December 31, 2022 | |
| Awards outstanding under the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan | |
| 27,337 | |
| Awards available for future grant under 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan | |
| 4,569 | |
| 2022 Notes outstanding | |
| 162,232 | |
| Warrants outstanding | |
| 668,970 | |
| Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuance | |
| 863,108 | |
|