| Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs |
The following table presents the transition rollforward for DAC*: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Individual Retirement | | Group Retirement | | Life Insurance | | Institutional Markets | | Total | | (in millions) | | | | Pre-adoption December 31, 2020 DAC balance | | $ | 2,359 | | | $ | 560 | | | $ | 4,371 | | | $ | 26 | | | $ | 7,316 | | | Adjustments for the removal of related balances in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) originating from unrealized gains (losses) | | 2,062 | | | 534 | | | 547 | | | 7 | | | 3,150 | | | Post-adoption January 1, 2021 DAC balance | | $ | 4,421 | | | $ | 1,094 | | | $ | 4,918 | | | $ | 33 | | | $ | 10,466 | |
*Excludes $2.5 billion of DAC in General Insurance. The following table presents a rollforward of DAC: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, 2023 | | General Insurance | | Individual Retirement | | Group Retirement | | Life Insurance | | Institutional Markets | | | | | | (in millions) | | | | | | | Total | | | | Balance, beginning of year | $ | 2,310 | | $ | 4,597 | | $ | 1,060 | | $ | 4,839 | | $ | 51 | | $ | 12,857 | | | | | Capitalization | | 4,135 | | | 705 | | | 78 | | | 473 | | | 28 | | | 5,419 | | | | | Amortization expense | | (3,747) | | | (567) | | | (82) | | | (403) | | | (9) | | | (4,808) | | | | | Other, including foreign exchange | | (45) | | | — | | | — | | | 54 | | | — | | | 9 | | | | | Dispositions* | | (578) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (578) | | | | | Reclassified to held for sale | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (814) | | | — | | | (814) | | | | | Balance, end of year | $ | 2,075 | | $ | 4,735 | | $ | 1,056 | | $ | 4,149 | | $ | 70 | | $ | 12,085 | | | | | Years Ended December 31, 2022 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Balance, beginning of year | $ | 2,428 | | $ | 4,553 | | $ | 1,078 | | $ | 4,904 | | $ | 38 | | $ | 13,001 | | | | | Capitalization | | 3,648 | | | 562 | | | 62 | | | 429 | | | 21 | | | 4,722 | | | | | Amortization expense | | (3,536) | | | (519) | | | (80) | | | (415) | | | (7) | | | (4,557) | | | | | Other, including foreign exchange | | (230) | | | 1 | | | — | | | (79) | | | (1) | | | (309) | | | | | Balance, end of year | $ | 2,310 | | $ | 4,597 | | $ | 1,060 | | $ | 4,839 | | $ | 51 | | $ | 12,857 | | | | | Years Ended December 31, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Balance, beginning of year | $ | 2,489 | | $ | 4,421 | | $ | 1,094 | | $ | 4,918 | | $ | 33 | | $ | 12,955 | | | | | Capitalization | | 3,658 | | | 579 | | | 62 | | | 420 | | | 10 | | | 4,729 | | | | | Amortization expense | | (3,566) | | | (447) | | | (78) | | | (427) | | | (6) | | | (4,524) | | | | | Other, including foreign exchange | | (153) | | | — | | | — | | | (7) | | | 1 | | | (159) | | | | | Balance, end of year | $ | 2,428 | | $ | 4,553 | | $ | 1,078 | | $ | 4,904 | | $ | 38 | | $ | 13,001 | | | |
*Includes amounts related to the sale of Validus Re through the date of disposition. The following table presents the transition rollforward for DSI*: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (in millions) | | Individual Retirement | | Group Retirement | | Total | | Pre-adoption December 31, 2020 DSI balance | | $ | 190 | | | $ | 91 | | | $ | 281 | | | Adjustments for the removal of related balances in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) originating from unrealized gains (losses) | | 284 | | | 114 | | | 398 | | | Post-adoption January 1, 2021 DSI balance | | $ | 474 | | | $ | 205 | | | $ | 679 | |
*Other assets, excluding DSI, totaled $12.8 billion. The following table presents a rollforward of DSI: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended December 31, | 2023 | | 2022 | | 2021 | | (in millions) | Individual Retirement | Group Retirement | Total | | Individual Retirement | Group Retirement | Total | | Individual Retirement | Group Retirement | Total | | Balance, beginning of year | $ | 381 | | $ | 177 | | $ | 558 | | | $ | 428 | | $ | 191 | | $ | 619 | | | $ | 474 | | $ | 205 | | $ | 679 | | | Capitalization | 7 | | 1 | | 8 | | | 9 | | — | | 9 | | | 10 | | — | | 10 | | | Amortization expense | (55) | | (14) | | (69) | | | (56) | | (14) | | (70) | | | (56) | | (14) | | (70) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Balance, end of year* | $ | 333 | | $ | 164 | | $ | 497 | | | $ | 381 | | $ | 177 | | $ | 558 | | | $ | 428 | | $ | 191 | | $ | 619 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
*At December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, Other assets, excluding DSI, totaled $12.6 billion, $11.8 billion and $14.0 billion, respectively.
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