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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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FORM 40-F

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[Check one]

☐    Registration statement pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

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or

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☒    Annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

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GFL Environmental Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Not Applicable
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English (if applicable))

Ontario, Canada

(Province or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

4953

(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number (if applicable))

Not Applicable

(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number (if applicable))

100 New Park Place, Suite 500

Vaughan, Ontario, Canada L4K 0H9

(905) 326-0101

(Address and telephone number of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

Corporate Creations Network Inc.

3411 Silverside Road, Tatnall Building, Suite 104

Wilmington, DE 19810
(302) 351-3367

(Name, address (including zip code) and telephone number (including area code)

of agent for service in the United States)

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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Not Applicable

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Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

Not Applicable

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For annual reports, indicate by check mark the information filed with this Form:

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☒ Annual information form ☒ Audited annual financial statements

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Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.

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At December 31, 2023, 359,349,904 subordinate voting shares, 11,812,964 multiple voting shares, 28,571,428 Series A perpetual convertible preferred shares and 8,196,721 Series B perpetual convertible preferred shares were issued and outstanding.
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the

Exchange Act.

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Emerging growth company ☐

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If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

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Yes ☒ No ☐

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If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.

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Yes ☐ No ☒

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Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive - based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to - §240.10D - 1 (b).

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Yes ☐ No ☒

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INTRODUCTION

In this annual report on Form 40-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, all references to “GFL”, “we”, “our”, “us”, “the Company” or similar terms refer to GFL Environmental Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The information provided under the heading “Disclosure Controls and Procedures” contained in the Company’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed as Exhibit 99.2 to this annual report on Form 40-F (“2023 MD&A”), is incorporated by reference herein.

INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting

The information provided under the heading “Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting”, contained in the 2023 MD&A, is incorporated by reference herein.

Auditor’s attestation report on internal control over financial reporting

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears on page F-6 of the Company’s audited annual consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed as Exhibit 99.3 to this annual report on Form 40-F and is incorporated by reference herein.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

The information provided under the heading “Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting”, contained in the 2023 MD&A, is incorporated by reference herein.

AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

The information provided under the heading “Directors and Officers - Committees of our Board of Directors - The Audit Committee” identifying the Company’s Audit Committee Financial Experts, and confirming the independence of the Audit Committee Financial Experts, contained in the Company’s Annual Information Form (dated February 23, 2024), filed as Exhibit 99.1 to this annual report on Form 40-F (the “Annual Information Form”), is incorporated by reference herein.

CODE OF ETHICS

Our board of directors has adopted a written code of ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) which applies to all of our officers (including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and/or controller), directors, employees, contractors and agents, acting on behalf of us. We have posted a current copy of our Code of Ethics on our investor relations website at http://investors.gflenv.com under “Governance Documents” in the “ESG” section. We granted no waivers under the Code of Ethics in 2023. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement regarding amendments to, or waivers from, a provision of the Code of Ethics by posting such information on our website at the address and location specified above. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 40-F.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Our auditor is KPMG LLP (Toronto, ON, Canada, Auditor Firm ID: 85).

The information provided under the heading “Directors and Officers - Committees of our Board of Directors – Auditor Service Fees”, contained in the Annual Information Form, is incorporated by reference herein.

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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

Performance Bonds

The information provided under the heading “Other Commitments”, contained in the 2023 MD&A, is incorporated by reference herein.

CONTRACTUAL AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS

Contractual Obligations

The information provided under the heading “Contractual Obligations”, contained in the 2023 MD&A, is incorporated by reference herein.

Other Commitments

The information provided under the heading “Other Commitments”, contained in the 2023 MD&A, is incorporated by reference herein.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

The information provided under the heading “Directors and Officers” identifying the Company’s Audit Committee and confirming the independence of the Audit Committee, contained in the Annual Information Form, is incorporated by reference herein.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DIFFERENCES

We are a “foreign private issuer” (as such term is defined in Rule 3b–4 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)), and our subordinate voting shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”). The NYSE Listing Rules include certain accommodations in the corporate governance requirements that allow foreign private issuers, such as us, to follow “home country” corporate governance practices in lieu of the otherwise applicable corporate governance standards of the NYSE. Accordingly, we may follow certain corporate governance practices of our “home country”, Canada, in lieu of certain of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE. The application of such exceptions requires that we disclose any significant ways that our corporate governance practices differ from the NYSE Listing Rules that we do not follow, if any.

Although we currently follow the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE and do not avail ourselves of the exemptions afforded to foreign private issuers under the NYSE Listing Rules, to the extent permitted, we may in the future decide to follow Canadian corporate governance practices instead of some or nearly all of the NYSE’s requirements. Following our “home country” governance practices may provide less protection than is accorded to investors under the NYSE Listing Rules applicable to domestic U.S. issuers. If in the future we decide to follow our “home country” governance practices, we intend to make available a comparison of NYSE Corporate Governance Rules required to be followed by domestic U.S. issuers and our corporate governance either in our annual report or on our website, as required by the NYSE Listing Rules.

UNDERTAKING

Registrant undertakes to make available, in person or by telephone, representatives to respond to inquiries made by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) Staff, and to furnish promptly, when requested to do so by the SEC Staff, information relating to: the securities registered pursuant to Form 40-F; the securities in relation to which the obligation to file an annual report on Form 40-F arises; or transactions in said securities.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 40-F and has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

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