December 31,  2022												December 31,  2023
						NT$												NT$
						(In Millions)												(In Millions)
Financial assets- current
Fair value hedges
Interest rate futures contracts						$	2.3											$	-
Financial liabilities- current
Fair value hedges
Interest rate futures contracts						$	0.8											$	43.8
Hedges of net investments in foreign operations
Bank loans							-												27,290.4
						$	0.8											$	27,334.2

The Company entered into interest rate futures contracts, which are used to partially hedge against the fair value changes caused by interest rate fluctuation in the Company’s fixed income investments. The hedge ratio is adjusted in response to the changes in the financial market and capped at 100%.

 

On the basis of economic relationships, the value of the interest rate futures contracts and the value of the hedged financial assets change in opposite directions in response to movements in interest rates.

The main source of hedge ineffectiveness in these hedging relationships is the credit risk of the hedged financial assets, which is not reflected in the fair value of the interest rate futures contracts. No other sources of ineffectiveness emerged from these hedging relationships during the hedging period. Amount of hedge ineffectiveness recognized in profit or loss is classified under other gains and losses, net.

The following tables summarize the information relating to the hedges of interest rate risks.

 

 

The effect for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 is detailed below:

 

The Company entered into forward contracts to partially hedge foreign exchange rate risks or interest rate risks associated with certain highly probable forecast transactions (capital expenditures or issuance of debts). The hedge ratio is adjusted in response to the changes in the financial market and capped at 100%. The forward contracts have maturities of 12 months or less.

On the basis of economic relationships, the Company expects that the value of forward contracts and the value of hedged transactions will change in opposite directions in response to movements in foreign exchange rates or interest rates.

The main source of hedge ineffectiveness in these hedging relationships is driven by the effect of the counterparty’s own credit risk on the fair value of forward contracts. No other sources of ineffectiveness emerged from these hedging relationships during the hedging period. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, refer to Note 21(d) for gain or loss arising from changes in the fair value of hedging instruments, the amount transferred to initial carrying amount of hedged items and the amount reclassified to finance costs of hedged items.

The effect for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 is detailed below:

 

TSMC has designated the bank loans denominated in foreign currency as a hedge of net investments in foreign operations to manage its foreign currency risk arising from investment in overseas subsidiaries.

The main source of hedge ineffectiveness in these hedging relationships is driven by the material difference between the notional amount of bank loans denominated in foreign currency and the net investment in foreign operations. No other sources of ineffectiveness have emerged from these hedging relationships during the hedging period. For the year ended December 31, 2023, refer to Note 21 (d) for gain or loss arising from changes in the fair value of hedging instruments.

 

The following tables summarize the information relating to the hedges of net investments in foreign operations.

 

The effect for the years ended December 31, 2023 is detailed below: