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Revenue Recognition
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]  
Revenue Recognition Revenue Recognition
Disaggregated Revenue

We report revenue in two categories: (i) parts and services and (ii) other.

Parts revenue is generated from the sale of vehicle products including replacement parts, components and systems used in the repair and maintenance of vehicles and specialty products and accessories to improve the performance, functionality and appearance of vehicles. Services revenue includes (i) additional services that are generally billed concurrently with the related product sales, such as the sale of service-type warranties, (ii) fees for admission to our self service yards, and (iii) diagnostic and repair services.

For Wholesale - North America and Self Service, vehicle replacement products include sheet metal collision parts such as doors, hoods, and fenders; bumper covers; head and tail lamps; mirrors; grilles; wheels; and large mechanical items such as engines and transmissions. For Europe, and to a lesser extent for Wholesale - North America, vehicle replacement products include a wide variety of small mechanical products such as brake pads, discs and sensors; clutches; electrical products such as spark plugs and batteries; steering and suspension products; filters; and oil and automotive fluids. Additionally, in both our Wholesale - North America and Europe segments, we sell paint and paint related consumables for refinishing vehicles. For our Specialty operations, we serve seven product segments: truck and off-road; speed and performance; recreational vehicles; towing; wheels, tires and performance handling; marine; and miscellaneous accessories.

Other revenue includes sales of scrap and precious metals (platinum, palladium, and rhodium), bulk sales to mechanical manufacturers (including cores) and sales of aluminum ingots and sows from furnace operations. We derive scrap metal and other precious metals from several sources in both our Wholesale - North America and Self Service segments, including vehicles that have been used in our recycling operations and vehicles from original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") and other entities that contract with us for secure disposal of "crush only" vehicles. Revenue from the sale of hulks in our Wholesale - North America and Self Service segments is recognized based on a price per ton of delivered material when the customer (processor) collects the scrap.

The following table sets forth our revenue disaggregated by category and reportable segment (in millions):

Three Months Ended March 31,
 20242023
Wholesale - North America$1,422 $1,148 
Europe1,637 1,548 
Specialty422 396 
Self Service 54 60 
Parts and services3,535 3,152 
Wholesale - North America78 81 
Europe7 7 
Self Service83 109 
Other168 197 
Total revenue$3,703 $3,349 

Variable Consideration

Amounts related to variable consideration on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows (in millions):
 ClassificationMarch 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Return assetPrepaid expenses and other current assets$72 $68 
Refund liabilityRefund liability137 132 
Variable consideration reserveReceivables, net of allowance for credit losses102 155 
Revenue by Geographic Area

Our net sales are attributed to geographic area based on the location of the selling operation. The following table sets forth our revenue by geographic area (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31,
 20242023
Revenue
United States$1,795$1,681
Germany425416
United Kingdom445415
Other countries1,038837
Total revenue$3,703$3,349