Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities (Notes)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to global market risks, including the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, certain commodity prices, and interest rates. To manage these risks, we enter into highly effective derivative contracts. We have elected to apply hedge accounting to certain derivatives. Derivatives that are designated in hedging relationships are evaluated for effectiveness using regression analysis at the time they are designated and throughout the hedge period. Some derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting; for others, we elect not to apply hedge accounting.

Income Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments

The gains/(losses), by hedge designation, reported in income for the periods ended March 31 were as follows (in millions):


	First Quarter
Cash flow hedges	2023		2024
Reclassified from AOCI to Cost of sales
Foreign currency exchange contracts (a)	$	26	$	14
Commodity contracts (b)	(9)		(26)
Fair value hedges
Interest rate contracts
Net interest settlements and accruals on hedging instruments	(140)		(96)
Fair value changes on hedging instruments	250		(243)
Fair value changes on hedged debt	(279)		220
Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts
Net interest settlements and accruals on hedging instruments	(14)		(29)
Fair value changes on hedging instruments	22		(64)
Fair value changes on hedged debt	(19)		62
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency exchange contracts (c)	(3)		69
Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts	85		(166)
Interest rate contracts	(12)		48
Commodity contracts	(11)		(20)
Total	$	(104)	$	(231)

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(a)For the first quarter of 2023 and 2024, a $63 million loss and a $288 million gain, respectively, were reported in Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax.

(b)For the first quarter of 2023 and 2024, an $8 million gain and a $32 million loss, respectively, were reported in Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax.

(c)For the first quarter of 2023 and 2024, a $19 million gain and a $23 million loss, respectively, were reported in Cost of sales, and a $22 million loss and a $92 million gain, respectively, were reported in Other income/(loss), net.

NOTE 13. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued)

Balance Sheet Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative assets and liabilities are reported on our consolidated balance sheets at fair value and are presented on a gross basis. The notional amounts of the derivative instruments do not necessarily represent amounts exchanged by the parties and are not a direct measure of our financial exposure. We also enter into master agreements with counterparties that may allow for netting of exposures in the event of default or breach of the counterparty agreement. Collateral represents cash received or paid under reciprocal arrangements that we have entered into with our derivative counterparties, which we do not use to offset our derivative assets and liabilities.

The fair value of our derivative instruments and the associated notional amounts were as follows (in millions):


	December 31, 2023						March 31, 2024
	Notional		Fair Value of Assets		Fair Value of Liabilities		Notional		Fair Value of Assets		Fair Value of Liabilities
Cash flow hedges
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	19,530	$	69	$	385	$	18,444	$	115	$	165
Commodity contracts	983		23		36		975		15		35
Fair value hedges
Interest rate contracts	12,119		106		633		16,307		84		769
Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts	2,078		69		104		3,155		41		115
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency exchange contracts	22,802		201		261		22,681		138		122
Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts	7,100		119		252		6,529		99		291
Interest rate contracts	73,134		465		1,036		73,109		489		928
Commodity contracts	1,051		35		31		1,022		21		29
Total derivative financial instruments, gross (a) (b)	$	138,797	$	1,087	$	2,738	$	142,222	$	1,002	$	2,454

Current portion			$	493	$	1,464			$	569	$	1,442
Non-current portion			594		1,274				433		1,012
Total derivative financial instruments, gross			$	1,087	$	2,738			$	1,002	$	2,454

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(a)At December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024, we held collateral of $40 million and $33 million, respectively, and we posted collateral of $185 million and $108 million, respectively.

(b)At December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024, the fair value of assets and liabilities available for counterparty netting was $815 million and $681 million, respectively. All derivatives are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.