v3.24.2
Segments
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments Segments
The following table presents the Company’s operations by reportable segment. The Company is managed through three reportable segments, Technology & Analytics Solutions, Research & Development Solutions and Contract Sales & Medical Solutions. Technology & Analytics Solutions provides mission critical information, technology solutions and real world insights and services to the Company's life science clients. Research & Development Solutions, which primarily serves biopharmaceutical customers, provides outsourced clinical research and clinical trial related services. Contract Sales & Medical Solutions provides health care provider (including contract sales) and patient engagement services to both biopharmaceutical clients and the broader healthcare market.
Certain costs are not allocated to our segments and are reported as general corporate and unallocated expenses. These costs primarily consist of stock-based compensation and expenses related to integration activities and acquisitions. The Company also does not allocate restructuring costs, depreciation and amortization, or impairment charges, if any, to its segments. Asset information by segment is not presented, as this measure is not used by the chief operating decision maker to assess the Company’s performance. The Company’s reportable segment information is presented below:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)2024202320242023
Revenues
Technology & Analytics Solutions$1,495 $1,456 $2,948 $2,900 
Research & Development Solutions2,147 2,096 4,242 4,122 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions172 176 361 358 
Total revenues3,814 3,728 7,551 7,380 
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization
Technology & Analytics Solutions909 876 1,798 1,734 
Research & Development Solutions1,431 1,417 2,826 2,803 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions148 150 308 304 
Total cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation and amortization2,488 2,443 4,932 4,841 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Technology & Analytics Solutions225 210 454 435 
Research & Development Solutions223 211 444 423 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions15 14 31 29 
General corporate and unallocated46 47 88 108 
Total selling, general and administrative expenses509 482 1,017 995 
Segment profit
Technology & Analytics Solutions361 370 696 731 
Research & Development Solutions493 468 972 896 
Contract Sales & Medical Solutions9 12 22 25 
Total segment profit863 850 1,690 1,652 
General corporate and unallocated(46)(47)(88)(108)
Depreciation and amortization(269)(259)(533)(512)
Restructuring costs(28)(20)(43)(37)
Total income from operations$520 $524 $1,026 $995