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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

Note 13 – Income Taxes

Atlas Inc. is a corporation and is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. In March 2023, Atlas Inc. completed its initial public offering of 18,000,000 shares of Old Atlas Class A Common Stock at a price to the public of $18.00 per share. The tax implications of the Reorganization, the IPO and the tax impact of Atlas Inc.’s status as a taxable corporation subject to U.S. federal income tax have been reflected in the accompanying Financial Statements. On March 13, 2023, the date on which the Company completed the IPO, a corresponding deferred tax liability of approximately $27.5 million was recorded associated with the differences between the tax and book basis of the investment in Atlas LLC. The offset of the deferred tax liability was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

On October 2, 2023, the Company completed the Up-C Simplification. The tax implications of the Up-C Simplification have been reflected in the accompanying Financial Statements. On October 2, 2023, a corresponding deferred tax liability of approximately $62.7 million was recorded associated with the exchange of the redeemable noncontrolling interest in Old Atlas for shares of the Company's Common Stock. The offset of the deferred tax liability was recorded to additional paid-in capital.

The effective combined U.S. federal and state income tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 was 17.1% and 20.9%, respectively, and was 8.7% for both the three and the six months ended June 30, 2023.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized income tax expense of $3.1 million and $11.0 million, respectively. We recognized $5.1 million and $12.7 million of income tax expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

Total income tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024 differed from amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% to pre-tax book income for those periods due to state taxes, the benefit of percentage depletion in excess of basis, and expense of Section 162(m) nondeductible compensation. Total income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 differed from amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% to pre-tax book income for those periods due to state taxes, the benefit of percentage depletion in excess of basis, expense of Section 162(m) nondeductible compensation and non-deductible transaction costs.

Total income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 differed from amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% to pre-tax book income for those periods due to state taxes, income associated with the Pre-IPO period, and income associated with the non-controlling interest.