v3.24.3
Intangible Assets, Net
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets, Net Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, consisted of the following:
September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross CostAccumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Amount		Gross CostAccumulated
Amortization		Net Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships$291 $(264)$27 $291 $(250)$41 
TiO2 technology
94 (49)45 93 (44)49 
Internal-use software and other233 (58)175 201 (48)153 
Intangible assets, net$618 $(371)$247 $585 $(342)$243 
As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, internal-use software included approximately $109 million and $125 million, respectively, of capitalized software costs which are not being amortized as the software is not ready for its intended use.
The table below summarizes amortization expense related to intangible assets for the periods presented, recorded in the specific line items in our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2024202320242023
Cost of goods sold$2 $1 $4 $3 
Selling, general and administrative expenses7 6 20 20 
Total$9 $7 $24 $23 
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets is $9 million for the remainder of 2024, $41 million for 2025, $26 million for 2026, $32 million for 2027, $32 million for 2028 and $107 million thereafter.