| Components of Intangible Assets, Net |
The components of intangible assets, net were as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | September 30, 2024 | | December 31, 2023 | | (In thousands) | Gross (1) | | Accumulated Amortization (1) | | Net | | Gross (1) | | Accumulated Amortization (1) | | Net | | Capitalized software development costs | $ | 2,511 | | | $ | (909) | | | $ | 1,602 | | | $ | 2,161 | | | $ | (421) | | | $ | 1,740 | | | Customer relationships | 6,340 | | | (4,346) | | | 1,994 | | | 6,340 | | | (3,803) | | | 2,537 | | | Developed and core technology | 740 | | | (374) | | | 366 | | | 4,220 | | | (3,754) | | | 466 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Patents | 34,547 | | | (13,888) | | | 20,659 | | | 33,195 | | | (12,686) | | | 20,509 | | | Trademarks and trade names | 450 | | | (397) | | | 53 | | | 450 | | | (353) | | | 97 | | | Total intangible assets, net | $ | 44,588 | | | $ | (19,914) | | | $ | 24,674 | | | $ | 46,366 | | | $ | (21,017) | | | $ | 25,349 | |
(1)This table excludes the gross value of fully amortized intangible assets totaling $49.3 million and $45.0 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
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| Finite-lived Intangible Assets Amortization Expense |
Amortization expense by statement of operations caption was as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (In thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 | | Cost of sales | $ | 207 | | | $ | 146 | | | $ | 488 | | | $ | 302 | | | Selling, general and administrative expenses | 1,160 | | | 1,119 | | | 3,336 | | | 3,282 | | | Total amortization expense | $ | 1,367 | | | $ | 1,265 | | | $ | 3,824 | | | $ | 3,584 | |
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| Estimated Future Amortization Expense Related to Intangible Assets |
Estimated future annual amortization expense related to our intangible assets at September 30, 2024, was as follows: | | | | | | | (In thousands) | | | 2024 (remaining 3 months) | $ | 1,369 | | | 2025 | 4,984 | | | 2026 | 4,420 | | | 2027 | 3,401 | | | 2028 | 2,780 | | | Thereafter | 7,720 | | | Total | $ | 24,674 | |
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