ACQUISITIONS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]

APLD - Rattlesnake Den I, LLC Acquisition (Garden City, Texas)

On April 1, 2024, the Company acquired an operational bitcoin mining site located in Garden City, Texas with 132 megawatts of operational capacity and 200 megawatts of nameplate capacity from APLD - Rattlesnake Den I, LLC (the “Garden City Acquisition”) for total cash consideration of $96.8 million, including working capital adjustments that were paid during the three months ended June 30, 2024. The acquisition is intended to improve efficiencies and the scale of operations through the integration of the Company’s technology stack and realization of synergies.

The following table summarizes the components of total purchase consideration:


(in thousands)	April 1, 2024
Initial cash consideration, net of cash acquired	$	92,025

Working capital adjustment	4,748
Total purchase consideration	$	96,773

The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805 - Business Combinations.

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price based on the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of April 1, 2024:


(in thousands)	April 1, 2024
Assets
Other current assets	$	4,644
Property and equipment	78,759
Finance lease right-of-use asset	4,040
Goodwill	14,510

Total assets	$	101,953

Liabilities
Finance lease liability	$	5,180

Total liabilities	5,180
Total purchase consideration	$	96,773

Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired. The Company expects the goodwill balance to be deductible for tax purposes over a period of 15 years. Goodwill is primarily attributed to growth and efficiency opportunities as well as expected synergies from combining the operations of bitcoin mining sites with the Company.

GC Data Center Equity Holdings, LLC Acquisition (Granbury, Texas and Kearney, Nebraska)

On January 12, 2024, the Company acquired two operational bitcoin mining sites located in Granbury, Texas and Kearney, Nebraska, totaling 390 megawatts of nameplate capacity from GC Data Center Equity Holdings, LLC for total consideration of $189.6 million, including a working capital adjustment that was paid during the three months ended March 31, 2024, plus up to an additional $19.6 million of cash, which amount is contingent on the expansion of additional megawatt capacity at the acquired facilities by certain milestone dates during the three year period

following the anniversary of closing. The acquisition is intended to improve efficiencies and the scale of operations through the integration of the Company’s technology stack and realization of synergies.

The Company will not be taking on any new hosting services customers at these locations and will transition to self-mining at these two sites as existing customer agreements expire or are terminated early.

The following table summarizes the components of total purchase consideration:


(in thousands)	January 12, 2024
Initial cash consideration, net of cash acquired	$	175,734
Working capital adjustments	8,081
Estimate fair value contingent earn-out and other	5,832
Total purchase consideration	$	189,647

The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805 - Business Combinations.

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price based on the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of January 12, 2024:


(in thousands)	January 12, 2024
Assets
Accounts receivable	$	20,411
Other current assets	8,506
Property and equipment	132,148
Right-of-use asset	8,852
Goodwill	30,852


Customer relationships	22,000
Derivative instrument	10,989
Other non-current assets	6,250
Total assets	$	240,008

Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	13,940
Lease liability	13,992



Other long-term liabilities	22,429
Total liabilities	50,361
Total purchase consideration	$	189,647

The gross contractual amounts receivable were $24.0 million, of which, $3.6 million is expected to be uncollectible.

The fair value of property and equipment was estimated by applying the cost approach, which estimates fair value using replacement or reproduction cost of an asset of comparable utility, adjusted for loss in value due to depreciation and economic obsolescence. The fair value of the derivative was estimated using a discounted cash flow approach that considers various assumptions including current market prices and electricity forward curves, time value, as well as other relevant economic measures. The fair value of the contingent earn-out was estimated using a discounted cash flow approach, which included assumptions regarding the probability-weighted cash flows of achieving certain capacity development milestones, which are considered Level 3 inputs. The fair value of the lease liability was estimated using a discounted cash flow approach, which included assumptions regarding current

market prices for similar assets, estimated term and discount rates. Changes to the fair value of assets and liabilities are recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table presents the changes in the estimated fair value of the GC Data Center Equity Holdings, LLC contingent consideration liability:


(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	—
Contingent consideration liability	3,523
Change in fair value of contingent earn-out	(38)
Balance at September 30, 2024	$	3,485

Intangible assets were determined to meet the criterion for recognition apart from tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The fair values of intangible assets were estimated based on various valuation techniques including the use of discounted cash flow analyses, and multi-period excess earnings valuation approaches, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair value hierarchy. These valuation inputs included estimates and assumptions about forecasted future cash flows, long-term revenue growth rates, and discount rates. The fair value of the customer relationships intangible asset was determined using a discounted cash flow model that incorporates the excess earnings method and will be amortized on an accelerated basis over the projected pattern of economic benefits of approximately 4 years. As of September 30, 2024, the Company fully amortized customer relationships acquired for $22.0 million.

The results of the acquired facilities have been included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as of the acquisition date.

The following table presents unaudited consolidated pro forma results as if the acquisitions of the acquired facilities of the Garden City Acquisition and GC Data Center Equity Holdings, LLC had occurred as of January 1, 2023 for the indicated periods:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenue	$	131,647	$	122,648	$	445,077	$	305,676
Income (loss) before income taxes	(173,950)		(3,982)		(21,933)		75,829
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	(0.42)	$	(0.03)	$	0.03	$	0.45
Diluted	(0.42)		(0.03)		0.03		0.09

The unaudited pro forma financial information reflects the acquisition of the acquired facilities by the application of pro forma adjustments to the Company’s historical financial statements as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2023. The unaudited pro forma financial information should not be considered indicative of actual results that would have been achieved had the acquisition of the acquired facilities actually been consummated on the date indicated and does not purport to be indicative of the Company's future financial position or results of operations. These pro forma results include the impact of amortizing certain purchase accounting adjustments such as intangible assets and the impact of the acquisition on interest and income tax expense. No adjustments have been reflected in the pro forma financial information for anticipated growth and efficiency opportunities. There were no material nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the acquisition included within the unaudited pro forma financial information.