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Rowe Price International Funds, Inc. 2025-01-01 Africa & Middle East Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital by investing primarily in the common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Africa and the Middle East. Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0103 0.0103 0.0103 0.0074 0.0039 0.0035 0.0177 0.0142 0.0138 -0.0047 -0.0034 -0.0138 0.0130 0.0108 0.0000 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 132 504 908 2038 110 410 738 1668 0 0 0 0 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 40.1% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.401 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in African and Middle Eastern companies. For purposes of determining whether the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in African and Middle Eastern companies, the fund relies on the country assigned to a security by MSCI Inc., a third-party provider of benchmark indexes and data services, or another unaffiliated data provider. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. The fund expects to primarily invest in common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Africa and the Middle East. The countries in which the fund normally invests include, but are not limited to, the following:· Primary Emphasis: Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, and United Arab Emirates.· Others: Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger Republic, Rwanda, Senegal, Syria, Tanzania, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The fund invests significantly in African and Middle Eastern countries and typically has substantial investments in Saudi Arabia and South Africa. While the adviser invests with an awareness of the adviser’s outlook for certain industries, sectors, and individual countries within the region, the adviser’s decision-making process focuses on bottom-up stock selection. Country allocation is driven largely by stock selection, though the adviser may limit investments in markets or industries that appear to have poor overall prospects. Security selection reflects a growth style. The adviser relies on a global team of investment analysts dedicated to in-depth fundamental research in an effort to identify companies capable of achieving and sustaining above-average, long-term earnings growth. The adviser seeks to purchase stocks of companies at reasonable prices in relation to present or anticipated earnings, cash flow, or book value. In selecting investments, the adviser generally favors companies with one or more of the following characteristics:· leading or improving market position;· attractive business niche;· attractive or improving franchise or industry position;· seasoned management;· stable or improving earnings and/or cash flow; and· sound or improving balance sheet.At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector, such as the financial sector. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Africa and the Middle East: Many African and Middle Eastern countries have histories of dictatorships, political and military unrest, social instability, and financial troubles, and their markets should be considered extremely volatile even when compared with those of other emerging market countries. Many of these countries tend to be highly reliant on exporting oil and other commodities so their economies can be significantly impacted by fluctuations in commodity prices and the global demand for certain commodities. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. Currency exposure: Because the fund is normally heavily exposed to foreign currencies, the fund is subject to the significant risk that it could experience losses based solely on the weakness of foreign currencies versus the U.S. dollar and changes in the exchange rates between such currencies and the U.S. dollar. Sector exposure: Issuers in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. Financial sector: Because the fund may invest significantly in banks and other financial services companies, the fund is more susceptible to adverse developments affecting such companies and may perform poorly during a downturn that impacts the financial sector. Banks and other financial services companies can be adversely affected by, among other things, regulatory changes, interest rate movements, the availability of capital and cost to borrow, and the rate of debt defaults. Investing in Saudi Arabia: Investments in securities of Saudi Arabian issuers involve risks not typically associated with investments in securities of issuers in more developed countries, which may negatively affect the value of the fund’s investments. Such heightened risks may include, among others, expropriation and/or nationalization of assets, restrictions on and government intervention in international trade, and confiscatory taxation. Because the ability of foreign investors (such as the fund) to invest in Saudi Arabian issuers is still relatively new, such ability could be restricted or revoked by the Saudi Arabian government at any time, and unforeseen risks could materialize due to foreign ownership in such securities. The economy of Saudi Arabia is dominated by petroleum exports. As a result, a sustained decrease in petroleum prices would have a negative impact on all aspects of the Saudi Arabian economy. Political instability in Saudi Arabia, or even the broader Middle East region, including authoritarian and/or military involvement in governmental decision making, armed conflict, and crime, and instability as a result of religious, ethnic, and/or socioeconomic unrest could adversely impact the economy of Saudi Arabia. Investing in South Africa: Investing in securities of South African issuers involves significant risks, including legal, regulatory, currency, political, and economic risks specific to South Africa. South Africa has a history of social unrest and governmental interference, which could lead to increased volatility. In addition, South Africa’s economy is heavily dependent on agriculture and mining and is therefore more susceptible to market events and regulatory developments impacting the commodity markets. Emerging markets: Investments in emerging market countries are subject to greater risk and overall volatility than investments in the U.S. and other developed markets. Emerging market countries tend to have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, less developed legal and regulatory regimes, and political systems that are less stable, than those of developed countries. In addition to the risks associated with investing outside the U.S., emerging markets are more susceptible to governmental interference, political and economic uncertainty, local taxes and restrictions on the fund’s investments, less efficient trading markets with lower overall liquidity, and more volatile currency exchange rates. Frontier markets: Frontier markets generally have smaller economies and less mature capital markets than emerging markets. As a result, the risks associated with investing in emerging market countries are magnified in frontier market countries. Frontier markets are more susceptible to abrupt changes in currency values, have less mature markets and settlement practices, and can have lower trading volumes that could lead to greater price volatility and illiquidity. Investor protections in frontier market countries may be limited and settlement procedures and custody services may prove inadequate in certain markets. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Liquidity: A particular investment or an entire market segment may become less liquid or even illiquid, sometimes abruptly, which could limit the fund’s ability to purchase or sell holdings in a timely manner at a desired price. An inability to sell a portfolio holding can adversely affect the fund’s overall value or prevent the fund from being able to take advantage of other investment opportunities. Liquidity risk may be magnified during periods of substantial market volatility and unexpected episodes of illiquidity may limit the fund’s ability to pay redemption proceeds without selling holdings at an unfavorable time or at a suitable price. Large redemptions may also have a negative impact on the fund’s overall liquidity. Growth investing: The fund’s growth approach to investing could cause it to underperform other stock funds that employ a different investment style. Growth stocks tend to be more volatile than certain other types of stocks and their prices may fluctuate more dramatically than the overall stock market. A stock with growth characteristics can have sharp price declines due to decreases in current or expected earnings and may lack dividends that can help cushion its share price in a declining market. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">12/31/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">15.98%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">3/31/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-30.78%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2020-12-31 0.1598 Worst Quarter 2020-03-31 -0.3078 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was 9.43%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 0.0943 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)).In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 2007-09-04 0.1176 0.0721 0.0408 0.1095 0.0635 0.0342 0.0724 0.0538 0.0303 2017-03-06 0.1204 0.0748 0.0677 2021-02-22 0.1320 0.1022 MSCI Arabian Markets & Africa IMI Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0509 0.0651 0.0621 0.0295 0.0543 MSCI Arabian Markets & Africa 10/40 Investable Market Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0519 0.0651 0.0638 0.0303 0.0604 Combined Index Portfolio Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0539 0.0651 0.0638 0.0313 0.0604 Lipper Emerging Markets Funds Average 0.0395 0.1176 0.0443 0.0250 -0.0666 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com Asia Opportunities Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital. Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0078 0.0078 0.0078 0 0 0.0025 0.0090 0.0049 0.0614 0.0168 0.0127 0.0717 -0.0053 -0.0044 -0.0592 0.0115 0.0083 0.0125 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 117 423 810 1896 85 313 610 1454 127 1023 2500 5922 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 60.9% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.609 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in stocks issued by companies that are located in, or that have economic ties to, Asia (excluding Japan). For purposes of determining whether the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in Asian companies, the fund relies on the country assigned to a security by MSCI Inc., a third-party provider of benchmark indexes and data services, or another unaffiliated data provider. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. The Asian countries in which the fund normally invests include, but are not limited to, the following:· Primary Emphasis: China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand.· Others: Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam.The fund is “nondiversified,” meaning it may invest a greater portion of its assets in a single issuer and own more of the issuer’s voting securities than is permissible for a “diversified” fund. The fund may purchase stocks issued by companies of any size, but typically focuses its investments on large- and mid-cap stocks.At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector, such as the financial sector.While the adviser invests with an awareness of the adviser’s outlook for certain industries, sectors, and individual countries within the region, the adviser’s decision-making process focuses on bottom-up stock selection. Country allocation is driven largely by stock selection, though the adviser may limit investments in markets or industries that appear to have poor overall prospects. The fund does not normally emphasize either a growth or value bias in selecting investments. The fund relies on a global team of investment analysts dedicated to in-depth fundamental research in an effort to identify high-quality companies with the potential to reliably compound earnings and sustain strong cash flows over time. The adviser seeks stocks of companies at reasonable prices in relation to present or anticipated earnings, cash flow, or book value, and selects those stocks that the adviser believes have the most favorable combination of company fundamentals, earnings potential, and relative valuation.In selecting investments, the adviser generally favors companies with one or more of the following characteristics:· well-established and with leading market positions;· attractive business niche with the potential to sustain earnings even during times of slow economic growth;· competitive advantages in an attractive industry;· proven management with high governance standards;· demonstrated ability to consistently increase revenues, earnings, and/or cash flows; and· prudent capital allocation and balance sheet management. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Asia: Many Asian economies have at various times been negatively affected by inflation, currency devaluations, an over-reliance on international trade and exports, particularly for certain commodities, political and social instability, and less developed financial systems and securities trading markets. Trade restrictions, unexpected decreases in exports, changes in government policies, expropriation and/or nationalization of assets, confiscatory taxation, or natural disasters could have a significant impact on companies doing business in Asia. The Asian region may be significantly affected by political unrest, military conflict, economic sanctions, and less demand for Asian products and services. Investing in Greater China: Investments in companies in Greater China, whether listed in mainland China or listed in another market, are subject to special risks, such as less developed or less efficient trading markets, currency fluctuations, nationalization of assets, limits on repatriation, and the effects of governmental control of markets. Chinese markets generally continue to experience inefficiency, volatility, and pricing anomalies resulting from governmental influence, a lack of publicly available information, and/or political and social instability. Internal social unrest or confrontations with neighboring countries may also disrupt economic development in China and result in a greater risk of currency fluctuations, currency non-convertibility, interest rate fluctuations, and higher rates of inflation. Investments in Chinese companies are subject to China’s heavy dependence on exports. China’s economy may be adversely impacted by trade or political disputes (including the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers), reduction in spending on Chinese products and services, or a downturn in any of the economies of China’s major trading partners, including the U.S. A small number of companies and industries represent a relatively large portion of the Chinese market as a whole. Monsoons and other natural disasters, or public health threats, may cause substantial adverse economic affects. The Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges may close for extended periods for holidays or otherwise, which impacts the fund’s ability to trade in A Shares during those periods. In addition, if China were to exert its authority so as to alter the economic, political, or legal structures, or the existing social policy of Hong Kong or Taiwan, investor and business confidence in Hong Kong or Taiwan could be negatively affected, which in turn could negatively affect markets and business performance and have an adverse effect on the fund’s investments.China has experienced security concerns, such as terrorism and strained international relations. Additionally, China is alleged to have participated in state-sponsored cyberattacks against foreign companies and foreign governments. Actual and threatened responses to such activity, including purchasing restrictions, sanctions, tariffs, or cyberattacks on the Chinese government or Chinese companies may impact China’s economy and Chinese issuers of securities in which the fund invests.Chinese companies, including Chinese companies that are listed on U.S. exchanges, are not subject to the same degree of regulatory requirements, accounting standards, or auditor oversight as companies in more developed countries and, as a result, information about the Chinese securities in which the fund invests may be less reliable or complete. There may be significant obstacles to obtaining information necessary for investigations into or litigation against Chinese companies and shareholders may have limited legal remedies. In addition, there may be restrictions on investments in Chinese companies. Investing in India: The securities markets in India are smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the securities markets of developed countries. The Indian markets are prone to periods of growth and change, which may result in trading or price volatility and difficulties in the settlement and recording of transactions. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation and interest rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economy and securities markets of India. In addition, India is susceptible to natural disasters and border disputes, and governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in the India region, which could adversely affect the value and liquidity of investments in India. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. Emerging markets: Investments in emerging market countries are subject to greater risk and overall volatility than investments in the U.S. and other developed markets. Emerging market countries tend to have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, less developed legal and regulatory regimes, and political systems that are less stable, than those of developed countries. In addition to the risks associated with investing outside the U.S., emerging markets are more susceptible to governmental interference, political and economic uncertainty, local taxes and restrictions on the fund’s investments, less efficient trading markets with lower overall liquidity, and more volatile currency exchange rates. Frontier markets: Frontier markets generally have smaller economies and less mature capital markets than emerging markets. As a result, the risks associated with investing in emerging market countries are magnified in frontier market countries. Frontier markets are more susceptible to abrupt changes in currency values, have less mature markets and settlement practices, and can have lower trading volumes that could lead to greater price volatility and illiquidity. Investor protections in frontier market countries may be limited and settlement procedures and custody services may prove inadequate in certain markets. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Sector exposure: Issuers in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. Financial sector: Because the fund may invest significantly in banks and other financial services companies, the fund is more susceptible to adverse developments affecting such companies and may perform poorly during a downturn that impacts the financial sector. Banks and other financial services companies can be adversely affected by, among other things, regulatory changes, interest rate movements, the availability of capital and cost to borrow, and the rate of debt defaults. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Nondiversification: As a nondiversified fund, the fund has the ability to invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a smaller number of issuers than a diversified fund. As a result, poor performance by a single issuer could adversely affect fund performance more than if the fund were invested in a larger number of issuers. The fund’s share price can be expected to fluctuate more than that of a similar fund that is more broadly diversified. Liquidity: A particular investment or an entire market segment may become less liquid or even illiquid, sometimes abruptly, which could limit the fund’s ability to purchase or sell holdings in a timely manner at a desired price. An inability to sell a portfolio holding can adversely affect the fund’s overall value or prevent the fund from being able to take advantage of other investment opportunities. Liquidity risk may be magnified during periods of substantial market volatility and unexpected episodes of illiquidity may limit the fund’s ability to pay redemption proceeds without selling holdings at an unfavorable time or at a suitable price. Large redemptions may also have a negative impact on the fund’s overall liquidity. Large- and mid-cap stocks: Securities issued by large- and mid-cap companies tend to be less volatile than securities issued by small-cap companies. However, large-cap companies may not be able to attain the high growth rates of successful small-cap companies, especially during strong economic periods, and may be unable to respond as quickly to competitive challenges. The fund’s share price could fluctuate more than the share price of a fund that invests only in large-cap companies as stocks of mid-cap companies entail greater risk and are usually more volatile than stocks of large-cap companies. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">6/30/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">21.04%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">3/31/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-18.39%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2020-06-30 0.2104 Worst Quarter 2020-03-31 -0.1839 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was 19.31%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 0.1931 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)).In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 2014-05-21 -0.0088 0.0371 0.0534 -0.0119 0.0310 0.0492 -0.0017 0.0297 0.0431 2017-03-06 -0.0062 0.0403 0.0545 2014-05-21 -0.0099 0.0360 0.0520 MSCI All Country Asia ex Japan Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0366 0.0598 0.0369 0.0430 Lipper Pacific Ex Japan Funds Average 0.0343 0.0243 0.0362 0.0413 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com China Evolution Equity Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital. Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0098 0.0098 0.0169 0.0112 0.0267 0.0210 -0.0127 -0.0107 0.0140 0.0103 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 143 688 1282 2893 105 537 1013 2331 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 82.4% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.824 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity securities and equity related investments of Chinese companies. For purposes of this 80% investment policy, the fund considers companies in Greater China, including the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, to be Chinese companies. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. Chinese companies include those that meet one or more of the following criteria (or any other factor utilized by MSCI Inc. or another third party provider):· organized in Greater China;· principally located in, or headquartered in, Greater China;· trading markets for their securities are located in Greater China;· business activities are predominantly conducted in Greater China, or a significant portion (e.g., at least 50%) of their revenues or profits are derived from Greater China;· geographic distribution of the company’s shareholder base is predominantly in Greater China; · the company is controlled by individuals or entities that are considered Greater Chinese; or· securities are reported in a Greater Chinese currency, including the Renminbi (RMB), mainland China’s currency, and the Hong Kong dollar.Equity securities may include common and preferred stocks. The fund may also gain exposure to Chinese equities through depositary receipts and equity-linked certificates or notes. The fund may purchase the stocks of companies of any size but typically emphasizes investments in small- and mid-cap companies. At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector.The fund may invest in Chinese companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges such as “A-shares” (which are denominated in RMB) and shares of Chinese companies denominated in other currencies (such as the Hong Kong dollar or U.S. dollar) that trade in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, the United States, or otherwise outside of China. In addition to investments in Chinese companies, the fund may also invest up to 20% of its net assets in companies in other countries or markets, such as Japan or South Korea. Many of the areas in which the fund invests, including China, Macau, Taiwan and South Korea, are considered emerging markets. The fund’s adviser relies on a global team of investment analysts dedicated to in-depth fundamental research in an effort to identify companies for the fund’s portfolio.The adviser takes a style-agnostic approach and aims to identify mispriced companies with opportunities driven by change. The types of change the adviser focuses on include:· new technology or unique product offerings;· significant market share;· product cycle opportunities;· attractive or improving industry or sector; and· companies expected to benefit from management changes, regulatory changes, or new business models.The adviser also considers the following key characteristics of each company:· management’s depth, adaptability and integrity;· overall financial health and stability of cash flow; and· attractive valuation. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Greater China: Investments in companies in Greater China, whether listed in mainland China or listed in another market, are subject to special risks, such as less developed or less efficient trading markets, currency fluctuations, nationalization of assets, limits on repatriation, and the effects of governmental control of markets. Chinese markets generally continue to experience inefficiency, volatility, and pricing anomalies resulting from governmental influence, a lack of publicly available information, and/or political and social instability. Internal social unrest or confrontations with neighboring countries may also disrupt economic development in China and result in a greater risk of currency fluctuations, currency non-convertibility, interest rate fluctuations, and higher rates of inflation. Investments in Chinese companies are subject to China’s heavy dependence on exports. China’s economy may be adversely impacted by trade or political disputes (including the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers), reduction in spending on Chinese products and services, or a downturn in any of the economies of China’s major trading partners, including the U.S. A small number of companies and industries represent a relatively large portion of the Chinese market as a whole. Monsoons and other natural disasters, or public health threats, may cause substantial adverse economic affects. The Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges may close for extended periods for holidays or otherwise, which impacts the fund’s ability to trade in A Shares during those periods. In addition, if China were to exert its authority so as to alter the economic, political, or legal structures, or the existing social policy of Hong Kong or Taiwan, investor and business confidence in Hong Kong or Taiwan could be negatively affected, which in turn could negatively affect markets and business performance and have an adverse effect on the fund’s investments.China has experienced security concerns, such as terrorism and strained international relations. Additionally, China is alleged to have participated in state-sponsored cyberattacks against foreign companies and foreign governments. Actual and threatened responses to such activity, including purchasing restrictions, sanctions, tariffs, or cyberattacks on the Chinese government or Chinese companies may impact China’s economy and Chinese issuers of securities in which the fund invests.Chinese companies, including Chinese companies that are listed on U.S. exchanges, are not subject to the same degree of regulatory requirements, accounting standards, or auditor oversight as companies in more developed countries and, as a result, information about the Chinese securities in which the fund invests may be less reliable or complete. There may be significant obstacles to obtaining information necessary for investigations into or litigation against Chinese companies and shareholders may have limited legal remedies. In addition, there may be restrictions on investments in Chinese companies. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. Small- and mid-cap stocks: Investments in securities issued by small- and mid-cap companies are likely to be more volatile than investments in securities issued by larger companies. Small- and mid-cap companies often have less experienced management, narrower product lines, more limited financial resources, and less publicly available information than larger companies. In addition, small-cap companies tend to be more sensitive to changes in overall economic conditions and their securities may have limited trading markets. Emerging markets: Investments in emerging market countries are subject to greater risk and overall volatility than investments in the U.S. and other developed markets. Emerging market countries tend to have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, less developed legal and regulatory regimes, and political systems that are less stable, than those of developed countries. In addition to the risks associated with investing outside the U.S., emerging markets are more susceptible to governmental interference, political and economic uncertainty, local taxes and restrictions on the fund’s investments, less efficient trading markets with lower overall liquidity, and more volatile currency exchange rates. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Chinese currency exposure: Because the fund invests significantly in securities denominated in RMB and other foreign currencies, the fund is subject to the significant risk that it could experience losses based solely on the weakness of the RMB and other foreign currencies versus the U.S. dollar and changes in the exchange rates between such currencies and the U.S. dollar. Additionally, China may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income, and may negatively affect the value of the fund’s holdings. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Liquidity: A particular investment or an entire market segment may become less liquid or even illiquid, sometimes abruptly, which could limit the fund’s ability to purchase or sell holdings in a timely manner at a desired price. An inability to sell a portfolio holding can adversely affect the fund’s overall value or prevent the fund from being able to take advantage of other investment opportunities. Liquidity risk may be magnified during periods of substantial market volatility and unexpected episodes of illiquidity may limit the fund’s ability to pay redemption proceeds without selling holdings at an unfavorable time or at a suitable price. Large redemptions may also have a negative impact on the fund’s overall liquidity. Sector exposure: Issuers in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. Depositary receipts: Investing in depositary receipts involves substantially the same risks as direct investments in foreign securities. In addition, the underlying issuers of certain depositary receipts are under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications or pass through any voting rights with respect to the deposited securities to the holders of such receipts. The fund may therefore receive less timely information or have less control than if it invested directly in the foreign issuer. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">6/30/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">25.60%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">3/31/22</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-21.40%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2020-06-30 0.2560 Worst Quarter 2022-03-31 -0.2140 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was 20.16%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 0.2016 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)).In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 2019-12-10 -0.1581 0.0254 -0.1629 0.0171 -0.0907 0.0199 2019-12-10 -0.1546 0.0292 MSCI China All Shares Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) -0.1153 -0.0424 Lipper China Region Funds Average -0.1475 -0.0390 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com Emerging Europe Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital through investments primarily in the common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in the emerging market countries of Europe. Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0103 0.0103 0.0103 0.0182 0.0076 0.0072 0.0285 0.0179 0.0175 -0.0144 -0.0071 -0.0175 0.0141 0.0108 0.0000 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 144 723 1354 3054 110 482 892 2037 0 0 0 0 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 15.4% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.154 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in the emerging markets of Europe, including Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. For purposes of determining whether the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in emerging European countries, the fund relies on the country assigned to a security by MSCI Inc., a third party provider of benchmark indexes and data services, or another unaffiliated data provider. The fund also relies on MSCI Inc. or another unaffiliated data provider to determine which countries are considered emerging markets. The fund considers frontier markets to be a subset of emerging markets, and any investments in frontier markets will be counted toward the fund’s 80% investment policy. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. The fund expects to primarily invest in common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in emerging markets of Europe. Historically, the fund has typically invested significantly in Russia; however, the fund is no longer making new investments in Russia although it continues to hold certain Russian securities that have been valued effectively at zero. Going forward, the countries in which the fund expects to normally invest include, but are not limited to, the following:· Primary Emphasis: Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Türkiye.· Others: Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Ukraine.The emerging European investable universe, due to its limited geographic scope and less developed markets, tends to rely heavily on the success of certain industries and sectors. As a result, the fund may invest up to 35% of its net assets in any industry that accounts for more than 20% of the emerging European market as a whole, as measured by an index determined by T. Rowe Price to be an appropriate measure of the emerging European market (currently the MSCI Emerging Markets Europe Index).The fund is “nondiversified,” meaning it may invest a greater portion of its assets in a single issuer and own more of the issuer’s voting securities than is permissible for a “diversified” fund. The fund may purchase the stocks of companies of any size.While the adviser invests with an awareness of the adviser’s outlook for certain industries, sectors, and individual countries within the region, the adviser’s decision-making process focuses on bottom-up stock selection. Country allocation is driven largely by stock selection, though the adviser may limit investments in markets or industries that appear to have poor overall prospects. The adviser does not emphasize either a growth or value bias in selecting investments for the fund, and generally seeks stocks that the adviser believes have the most favorable combination of company fundamentals, earnings potential, and relative valuation.In selecting investments, the adviser generally favors companies with one or more of the following characteristics:· leading or improving market position;· attractive business niche;· attractive or improving franchise or industry position;· seasoned management;· stable or improving earnings and/or cash flow; and· sound or improving balance sheet.At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector, such as the financial sector. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Emerging Europe: The European financial markets have experienced increased volatility due to concerns about economic downturns, political unrest, war, military conflict, economic sanctions, rising government debt levels, energy crises, and public pandemics, and these events may continue to significantly affect all of Europe. The economies and markets of European countries are often connected and interdependent, and events in one country in Europe can have an adverse impact on other European countries. European economies could be significantly affected by, among other things, rising unemployment, the imposition or unexpected elimination of fiscal and monetary controls by member countries of the European Economic and Monetary Union, uncertainty surrounding the euro, the success of governmental actions to reduce budget deficits, and the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Emerging European countries are more susceptible to political turmoil, recession, varying market reforms, and adverse currency fluctuations as their economies continue to develop. The securities markets in some emerging European countries are substantially smaller and less established, with less government supervision and regulation of stock exchanges, and may be less liquid and more volatile than securities markets in the U.S. or developed European countries. In addition, there tends to be less information available about issuers in emerging Europe and their markets may experience limited trading volumes and reduced liquidity. Emerging markets: Investments in emerging market countries are subject to greater risk and overall volatility than investments in the U.S. and other developed markets. Emerging market countries tend to have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, less developed legal and regulatory regimes, and political systems that are less stable, than those of developed countries. In addition to the risks associated with investing outside the U.S., emerging markets are more susceptible to governmental interference, political and economic uncertainty, local taxes and restrictions on the fund’s investments, less efficient trading markets with lower overall liquidity, and more volatile currency exchange rates. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. Industry concentration: Because the fund may invest significantly in any industry that accounts for more than 20% of the emerging European market, the fund is more susceptible to adverse developments affecting such industries and may perform poorly during a downturn in one of the industries that are heavily represented in emerging Europe. For example, the fund may invest significantly in banks and other financial services companies. Banks can be adversely affected by, among other things, regulatory changes, interest rate movements, the availability of capital and cost to borrow, and the rate of debt defaults. The oversight of banks in emerging markets may be ineffective and underdeveloped relative to more mature markets. In particular for emerging markets, the impact of future regulation on any individual bank, or on the financial services sector as a whole, can be very difficult to predict. Frontier markets: Frontier markets generally have smaller economies and less mature capital markets than emerging markets. As a result, the risks associated with investing in emerging market countries are magnified in frontier market countries. Frontier markets are more susceptible to abrupt changes in currency values, have less mature markets and settlement practices, and can have lower trading volumes that could lead to greater price volatility and illiquidity. Investor protections in frontier market countries may be limited and settlement procedures and custody services may prove inadequate in certain markets. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Investing in Türkiye: Investments in Turkish issuers are subject to legal, regulatory, political, currency, and economic risks specific to Türkiye. The Turkish economy is prone to, among other things, risks of sharp currency devaluations, legal and regulatory changes, natural disasters, social unrest, terrorism, and geopolitical tensions. Investing in Russia: On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a large-scale military invasion of Ukraine, which has resulted in sanctions and market disruptions, including significant declines in Russia’s stock markets and the value of the ruble against the U.S. dollar. In response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the U.S. and other countries instituted sanctions against Russia that, among other things, restrict certain securities trades and private transactions in certain sectors and prohibit doing business with certain Russian individuals and Russian companies. In addition, for investors in the U.S. and many other countries, Russia has banned purchases and sales of Russian securities traded on its local stock exchange. Accordingly, the Russian stock market has become largely uninvestable to foreign investors, such as the fund, and it is uncertain when these restrictions on trading or transferring Russian securities may be reduced or eliminated. As a result of these market events, the locally traded Russian securities that are held in the fund’s portfolio generally cannot be sold or transferred and have been valued effectively at zero. Prior to reducing the value of Russian securities to zero, the fund had a significant amount of its assets invested in Russian securities. There is no assurance that the fund will be able to realize any value from these securities in the future. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Liquidity: A particular investment or an entire market segment may become less liquid or even illiquid, sometimes abruptly, which could limit the fund’s ability to purchase or sell holdings in a timely manner at a desired price. An inability to sell a portfolio holding can adversely affect the fund’s overall value or prevent the fund from being able to take advantage of other investment opportunities. Liquidity risk may be magnified during periods of substantial market volatility and unexpected episodes of illiquidity may limit the fund’s ability to pay redemption proceeds without selling holdings at an unfavorable time or at a suitable price. Large redemptions may also have a negative impact on the fund’s overall liquidity. Nondiversification: As a nondiversified fund, the fund has the ability to invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a smaller number of issuers than a diversified fund. As a result, poor performance by a single issuer could adversely affect fund performance more than if the fund were invested in a larger number of issuers. The fund’s share price can be expected to fluctuate more than that of a similar fund that is more broadly diversified. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">12/31/22</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">29.48%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">3/31/22</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-83.21%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2022-12-31 0.2948 Worst Quarter 2022-03-31 -0.8321 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was 23.88%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 0.2388 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 2000-08-31 0.6243 -0.1827 -0.1253 0.6215 -0.1851 -0.1274 0.3733 -0.1180 -0.0742 2017-03-06 0.6315 -0.1802 -0.1315 2021-02-22 0.6473 -0.3391 MSCI Emerging Markets Europe Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) -0.0920 0.2984 -0.1319 -0.0893 -0.2635 Lipper Emerging Markets Funds Average 0.0395 0.1176 0.0443 0.0250 -0.0666 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com European Stock Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital through investments primarily in the common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Europe. Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0078 0.0078 0.0078 0.0026 0.0010 0.0006 0.0104 0.0088 0.0084 0 -0.0005 -0.0084 0.0104 0.0083 0.0000 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 106 331 574 1271 85 270 478 1075 0 0 0 0 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 25.9% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.259 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in stocks of European companies. For purposes of determining whether the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in European companies, the fund relies on MSCI Inc., a third-party provider of benchmark indexes and data services, or another unaffiliated data provider to determine the country assigned to a security. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. Under normal conditions, at least five countries will be represented in the fund’s portfolio. The fund expects to primarily invest in common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Europe. The countries in which the fund normally invests include, but are not limited to, the following:· Primary Emphasis: Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom.· Others: Belgium, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Poland, Romania, and Türkiye. The fund may purchase the stocks of companies of any size. While the adviser invests with an awareness of the adviser’s outlook for certain industries, sectors, and individual countries within the region, the adviser’s decision-making process focuses on bottom-up stock selection. Country allocation is driven largely by stock selection, though the adviser may limit investments in markets or industries that appear to have poor overall prospects.The fund seeks to purchase the stocks of companies with quality management and strong cash flows, and does not emphasize either a growth or value bias in selecting investments. The adviser seeks stocks that the adviser believes have the most favorable combination of company fundamentals, earnings potential, and relative valuation.In selecting investments, the adviser generally favors companies with one or more of the following characteristics:· leading or improving market position;· attractive business niche;· attractive or improving franchise or industry position;· seasoned management;· stable or improving earnings and/or cash flow; and· sound or improving balance sheet.At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Europe: The European financial markets have experienced increased volatility due to concerns about economic downturns, political unrest, war, military conflict, economic sanctions, rising government debt levels, inflation, energy crises, and public health pandemics, and these events may continue to significantly affect all of Europe. The economies and markets of European countries are often connected and interdependent, and events in one country in Europe can have an adverse impact on other European countries. European economies could be significantly affected by, among other things, rising unemployment, the imposition or unexpected elimination of fiscal and monetary controls by member countries of the European Economic and Monetary Union, uncertainty surrounding the euro, the success of governmental actions to reduce budget deficits, and Russia’s ongoing military conflict in Ukraine. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Sector exposure: Issuers in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">12/31/22</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">21.08%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">3/31/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-21.20%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2022-12-31 0.2108 Worst Quarter 2020-03-31 -0.2120 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was 11.39%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 0.1139 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)).In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 1990-02-28 0.1901 0.0883 0.0357 0.1797 0.0837 0.0317 0.1198 0.0710 0.0291 2017-03-06 0.1927 0.0901 0.0728 2021-02-22 0.2029 0.0267 MSCI Europe Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0700 0.1989 0.0909 0.0413 0.0505 Lipper European Region Funds Average 0.0655 0.1928 0.0898 0.0405 0.0321 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com Japan Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital through investments in common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Japan. Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0078 0.0078 0.0078 0.0034 0.0016 0.0013 0.0112 0.0094 0.0091 0 -0.0011 -0.0091 0.0112 0.0083 0.0000 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 114 356 617 1363 85 277 498 1134 0 0 0 0 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 67.6% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.676 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in companies located (or with primary operations) in Japan. For purposes of determining whether the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in Japanese companies, the fund relies on MSCI Inc., a third-party provider of benchmark indexes and data services, or another unaffiliated data provider to determine the country assigned to a security. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. The fund may purchase the stocks of companies of any size and seeks to invest across a wide range of Japanese industries and companies. While the adviser invests with an awareness of the adviser’s outlook for industries and sectors within the country, the adviser’s decision-making process focuses on bottom-up stock selection. The fund takes a core approach to investing, which provides some exposure to both growth and value styles of investing. The adviser relies on a global team of investment analysts dedicated to in-depth fundamental research in an effort to identify companies capable of achieving and sustaining above-average, long-term earnings growth. The adviser seeks to purchase stocks of companies at reasonable prices in relation to present or anticipated earnings, cash flow, or book value. Sector and style exposures are closely managed, and the focus of security selection is on opportunities where the adviser sees upside relative to the risks priced in the market (asymmetric risk-reward).In selecting investments, the adviser generally favors companies with one or more of the following characteristics:· leading or improving market position;· attractive business niche;· attractive or improving franchise or industry position;· seasoned management;· stable or improving earnings and/or cash flow; and· sound or improving balance sheet.At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Japan: The Japanese economy has at times been negatively affected by government intervention and protectionism, excessive regulation, an unstable financial services sector, a heavy reliance on international trade, and natural disasters. Some of these factors, as well as a low economic growth rate relative to other advanced economies, other adverse political developments, increases in government debt, and changes in fiscal, monetary, or trade policies, may affect the Japanese economy. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Sector exposure: Issuers in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">6/30/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">20.00%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">12/31/18</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-18.28%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2020-06-30 0.2000 Worst Quarter 2018-12-31 -0.1828 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was 9.05%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 0.0905 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)).In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 1991-12-30 0.0202 0.0234 0.0434 0.0171 0.0145 0.0366 0.0159 0.0188 0.0351 2017-03-06 0.0229 0.0251 0.0318 2021-02-22 0.0304 -0.1371 TOPIX Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees, or expenses) 0.0518 0.1958 0.0645 0.0507 -0.0114 MSCI Japan Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0554 0.2032 0.0691 0.0497 -0.0136 Lipper Japanese Funds Average 0.0587 0.1965 0.0710 0.0582 0.0032 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com Latin America Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital through investments primarily in the common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Latin America. Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0103 0.0103 0.0103 0.0043 0.0016 0.0012 0.0146 0.0119 0.0115 0 -0.0011 -0.0115 0.0146 0.0108 0.0000 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 149 462 797 1746 110 356 633 1423 0 0 0 0 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 23.2% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.232 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in Latin American companies. For purposes of determining whether the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in Latin American companies, the fund relies on MSCI Inc., a third-party provider of benchmark indexes and data services, or another unaffiliated data provider to determine the country assigned to a security. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. Under normal conditions, at least four countries will be represented in the fund’s portfolio. The fund expects to primarily invest in the equity securities, including common stocks, preferred stocks, and convertible securities, of companies located (or with primary operations) in Latin America. The countries in which the fund normally invests include, but are not limited to, the following:· Primary Emphasis: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru.· Others: Belize, Ecuador, Guatemala, Panama, and Venezuela.The fund typically has substantial investments in Brazil and Mexico. The fund is “nondiversified,” meaning it may invest a greater portion of its assets in a single issuer and own more of the issuer’s voting securities than is permissible for a “diversified” fund. The fund may purchase stocks of companies of any size.While the adviser invests with an awareness of the adviser’s outlook for certain industries, sectors, and individual countries within the region, the adviser’s decision-making process focuses on bottom-up stock selection. Country allocation is driven largely by stock selection, though the adviser may limit investments in markets or industries that appear to have poor overall prospects. Security selection reflects a growth style. The adviser relies on a global team of investment analysts dedicated to in-depth fundamental research in an effort to identify companies capable of achieving and sustaining above-average, long-term earnings growth. The adviser seeks to purchase stocks of companies at reasonable prices in relation to present or anticipated earnings, cash flow, or book value. In selecting investments, the adviser generally favors companies with one or more of the following characteristics:· leading or improving market position;· attractive business niche;· attractive or improving franchise or industry position;· seasoned management;· stable or improving earnings and/or cash flow; and· sound or improving balance sheet.At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector, such as the financial sector. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Latin America: Many Latin American countries have histories of inflation, government overspending, political and economic instability, social unrest, high interest and unemployment rates, and extreme currency fluctuations. Many of these countries tend to be highly reliant on the exportation of commodities so their economies may be significantly impacted by fluctuations in commodity prices and the global demand for certain commodities. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. Investing in Brazil: The Brazilian economy, like many Latin American economies, is susceptible to inflation, monetary tightening and other governmental controls, slowing growth in its primary export markets, a high level of debt, and social tensions and corruption. Brazil has a volatile political history and is heavily dependent on external financing and exports to developed countries. The Brazilian government may impose temporary restrictions on remitting proceeds from the sale of Brazilian securities to foreign investors, such as the fund. Sector exposure: Issuers in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. Financial sector: Because the fund may invest significantly in banks and other financial services companies, the fund is more susceptible to adverse developments affecting such companies and may perform poorly during a downturn that impacts the financial sector. Banks and other financial services companies can be adversely affected by, among other things, regulatory changes, interest rate movements, the availability of capital and cost to borrow, and the rate of debt defaults. Investing in Mexico: The Mexican economy relies heavily on its partnership with the U.S. and is therefore vulnerable to any changes in the free trade agreement. Mexico’s competitiveness has suffered from the rise of organized crime and lack of reforms in the energy sector and tax regulations. Other factors negatively impacting the Mexican economy include corruption, structural economic and social problems, and strong competition within certain sectors. Emerging markets: Investments in emerging market countries are subject to greater risk and overall volatility than investments in the U.S. and other developed markets. Emerging market countries tend to have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, less developed legal and regulatory regimes, and political systems that are less stable, than those of developed countries. In addition to the risks associated with investing outside the U.S., emerging markets are more susceptible to governmental interference, political and economic uncertainty, local taxes and restrictions on the fund’s investments, less efficient trading markets with lower overall liquidity, and more volatile currency exchange rates. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Nondiversification: As a nondiversified fund, the fund has the ability to invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a smaller number of issuers than a diversified fund. As a result, poor performance by a single issuer could adversely affect fund performance more than if the fund were invested in a larger number of issuers. The fund’s share price can be expected to fluctuate more than that of a similar fund that is more broadly diversified. Growth investing: The fund’s growth approach to investing could cause it to underperform other stock funds that employ a different investment style. Growth stocks tend to be more volatile than certain other types of stocks and their prices may fluctuate more dramatically than the overall stock market. A stock with growth characteristics can have sharp price declines due to decreases in current or expected earnings and may lack dividends that can help cushion its share price in a declining market. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Convertible securities and preferred stocks: Convertible securities and preferred stocks carry credit and interest rate risk, along with other risks associated with both equity and fixed income securities, and convertible securities may be called back by the issuer prior to maturity at a price that is disadvantageous to the fund. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">12/31/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">33.73%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">3/31/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-42.94%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2020-12-31 0.3373 Worst Quarter 2020-03-31 -0.4294 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was -9.50%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 -0.0950 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)).In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 1993-12-29 0.3467 0.0522 0.0243 0.3416 0.0406 0.0123 0.2132 0.0386 0.0165 2017-03-06 0.3513 0.0552 0.0488 2021-02-22 0.3657 0.0885 MSCI Emerging Markets Latin America Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0488 0.3271 0.0611 0.0211 0.1319 Lipper Latin American Funds Average 0.0511 0.3044 0.0612 0.0165 0.0985 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com New Asia Fund Investment Objective(s) The fund seeks long-term growth of capital through investments primarily in the common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Asia (excluding Japan). Fees and Expenses This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the fund. You may also incur brokerage commissions and other charges when buying or selling shares of the fund, which are not reflected in the table or example below. Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 20 0 0 Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) 0.0078 0.0078 0.0078 0.0025 0.0008 0.0005 0.0103 0.0086 0.0083 0 -0.0003 -0.0083 0.0103 0.0083 0.0000 Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The example also assumes that any current expense limitation arrangement remains in place for the period noted in the previous table; therefore, the figures have been adjusted to reflect fee waivers or expense reimbursements only in the periods for which the expense limitation arrangement is expected to continue. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: 105 328 569 1259 85 271 473 1058 0 0 0 0 Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when the fund’s shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 54.8% of the average value of its portfolio. Portfolio Turnover 0.548 Principal Investment Strategies The fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in Asian companies (excluding Japanese companies). For purposes of determining whether the fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in Asian companies, the fund relies on MSCI Inc., a third-party provider of benchmark indexes and data services, or another unaffiliated data provider to determine the country assigned to a security. Any derivatives that provide exposure to the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, or to one or more market risk factors associated with the investment focus suggested by the fund’s name, are counted (as applicable) toward compliance with the fund’s 80% investment policy. The fund expects to primarily invest in common stocks of companies located (or with primary operations) in Asian countries other than Japan. The countries in which the fund normally invests include, but are not limited to, the following:· Primary Emphasis: China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand.· Others: Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam.The fund is “nondiversified,” meaning it may invest a greater portion of its assets in a single issuer and own more of the issuer’s voting securities than is permissible for a “diversified” fund. The fund may purchase the stocks of companies of any size. The fund invests significantly in Asian countries, other than Japan, and typically has substantial investments in China.At times, the fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in the same economic sector, such as the information technology.While the adviser invests with an awareness of the adviser’s outlook for certain industries, sectors, and individual countries within the region, the adviser’s decision-making process focuses on bottom-up stock selection. Country allocation is driven largely by stock selection, though the adviser may limit investments in markets or industries that appear to have poor overall prospects. Security selection reflects a growth style. The adviser relies on a global team of investment analysts dedicated to in-depth fundamental research in an effort to identify companies capable of achieving and sustaining above-average, long-term earnings growth. The adviser seeks to purchase stocks of companies at reasonable prices in relation to present or anticipated earnings, cash flow, or book value. In selecting investments, the adviser generally favors companies with one or more of the following characteristics:· leading or improving market position;· attractive business niche;· attractive or improving franchise or industry position;· seasoned management;· stable or improving earnings and/or cash flow; and· sound or improving balance sheet. Principal Risks The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. Investing in Asia: Many Asian economies have at various times been negatively affected by inflation, currency devaluations, an over-reliance on international trade and exports, particularly for certain commodities, political and social instability, and less developed financial systems and securities trading markets. Trade restrictions, unexpected decreases in exports, changes in government policies, expropriation and/or nationalization of assets, confiscatory taxation, or natural disasters could have a significant impact on companies doing business in Asia. The Asian region may be significantly affected by political unrest, military conflict, economic sanctions, and less demand for Asian products and services. Geographic concentration: Because the fund focuses its investments on a particular geographic area, the fund’s performance is closely tied to the social, political, and economic conditions of that area. Political developments and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy could significantly affect the markets in which the fund invests. As a result, the fund is likely to be more volatile than more geographically diverse international funds. Investing in China: The Chinese government has historically exercised significant control over China’s economy and its financial markets through, among other things, its monetary policies and allocation of resources, management of currency exchange rates, preferential treatment or restrictions relating to industries deemed sensitive to national interests, and limitations on foreign ownership of Chinese securities. Although economic reforms have liberalized trade policy and reduced government control, changes in these policies or increased government intervention could adversely impact affected industries or companies. China’s currency, which historically has been managed in a tight range relative to the U.S. dollar, may in the future be subject to greater uncertainty as Chinese authorities change the policies that determine the official currency exchange rate. Additionally, the Chinese economy is highly dependent on the exportation of products and services, and could experience a significant slowdown due to a reduction in global demand for Chinese exports, contraction in spending on domestic goods by Chinese consumers, trade or political disputes with China’s major trading partners, imposition of tariffs, sanctions, and other trade barriers, military conflict and strained international relations, cyberattacks, natural disasters, or public health threats. Heightened trade tensions between China and any of its key trading partners, including the U.S., could have a significant adverse impact on the Chinese economy. Emerging markets: Investments in emerging market countries are subject to greater risk and overall volatility than investments in the U.S. and other developed markets. Emerging market countries tend to have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, less developed legal and regulatory regimes, and political systems that are less stable, than those of developed countries. In addition to the risks associated with investing outside the U.S., emerging markets are more susceptible to governmental interference, political and economic uncertainty, local taxes and restrictions on the fund’s investments, less efficient trading markets with lower overall liquidity, and more volatile currency exchange rates. International investing: Non-U.S. securities tend to be more volatile and have lower overall liquidity than investments in U.S. securities and may lose value because of adverse local, political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, investments outside the U.S. are subject to settlement practices and regulatory and financial reporting standards that differ from those of the U.S. The risks of investing outside the U.S. are heightened for any investments in emerging markets, which are susceptible to greater volatility than investments in developed markets. Frontier markets: Frontier markets generally have smaller economies and less mature capital markets than emerging markets. As a result, the risks associated with investing in emerging market countries are magnified in frontier market countries. Frontier markets are more susceptible to abrupt changes in currency values, have less mature markets and settlement practices, and can have lower trading volumes that could lead to greater price volatility and illiquidity. Investor protections in frontier market countries may be limited and settlement procedures and custody services may prove inadequate in certain markets. Stock investing: Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of stocks held by the fund may decline due to general weakness or volatility in the stock markets in which the fund invests or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry. Market conditions: The value of the fund’s investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the fund, particular industries, or the overall securities markets. A variety of factors can increase the volatility of the fund’s holdings and markets generally, including economic, political, or regulatory developments, recessions, inflation, rapid interest rate changes, war, military conflict, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues (such as the coronavirus pandemic) and related governmental and public responses (including sanctions). Certain events may cause instability across global markets, including reduced liquidity and disruptions in trading markets, while some events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors, and industries more significantly than others. Government intervention in markets may impact interest rates, market volatility, and security pricing. These adverse developments may cause broad declines in market value due to short-term market movements or for significantly longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. Nondiversification: As a nondiversified fund, the fund has the ability to invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a smaller number of issuers than a diversified fund. As a result, poor performance by a single issuer could adversely affect fund performance more than if the fund were invested in a larger number of issuers. The fund’s share price can be expected to fluctuate more than that of a similar fund that is more broadly diversified. Sector exposure: Issuers in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. Information technology sector: Information technology companies face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may have an adverse effect on their profit margins. Like other technology companies, information technology companies may have limited product lines, markets, financial resources, or personnel. Liquidity: A particular investment or an entire market segment may become less liquid or even illiquid, sometimes abruptly, which could limit the fund’s ability to purchase or sell holdings in a timely manner at a desired price. An inability to sell a portfolio holding can adversely affect the fund’s overall value or prevent the fund from being able to take advantage of other investment opportunities. Liquidity risk may be magnified during periods of substantial market volatility and unexpected episodes of illiquidity may limit the fund’s ability to pay redemption proceeds without selling holdings at an unfavorable time or at a suitable price. Large redemptions may also have a negative impact on the fund’s overall liquidity. Growth investing: The fund’s growth approach to investing could cause it to underperform other stock funds that employ a different investment style. Growth stocks tend to be more volatile than certain other types of stocks and their prices may fluctuate more dramatically than the overall stock market. A stock with growth characteristics can have sharp price declines due to decreases in current or expected earnings and may lack dividends that can help cushion its share price in a declining market. Active management: The fund’s overall investment program and holdings selected by the fund’s investment adviser may underperform the broad markets, relevant indices, or other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies. Cybersecurity breaches: The fund could be harmed by intentional cyberattacks and other cybersecurity breaches, including unauthorized access to the fund’s assets, confidential information, or other proprietary information. In addition, a cybersecurity breach could cause one of the fund’s service providers or financial intermediaries to suffer unauthorized data access, data corruption, or loss of operational functionality. Performance The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results.The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The following bar chart illustrates how much returns can differ from year to year by showing calendar year returns and the best and worst calendar quarter returns during those years for the fund’s Investor Class. Returns for other share classes vary since they have different expenses. The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)). The fund’s performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and is not necessarily an indication of future results. Calendar Year Returns <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse" width="100%"><tr style="font-size:1pt;"><td style="width:9.02%;"> </td><td style="width:14.01%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:.49%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:14.99%;"> </td><td style="width:13%;"> </td><td style="width:5.5%;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">TotalReturn</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Quarter Ended</td><td style="vertical-align:top;">Total Return</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Best Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">6/30/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">20.47%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">Worst Quarter</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">3/31/20</td><td style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#E6E6E6;">-16.99%</td><td style="vertical-align:top; font-size:1pt;"> </td></tr></table> Best Quarter 2020-06-30 0.2047 Worst Quarter 2020-03-31 -0.1699 The fund’s return for the nine months ended 9/30/24 was 14.61%. The fund’s return for the nine months ended 2024-09-30 0.1461 The following table shows the average annual total returns for each class of the fund that has been in operation for at least one full calendar year. The fund’s performance information included in the table is compared with a regulatory required index that represents an overall securities market (Regulatory Benchmark). In addition, the table may also include one or more indexes that more closely aligns to the fund’s investment strategy (Strategy Benchmark(s)).In addition, the table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or an IRA. After-tax returns are shown only for the Investor Class and will differ for other share classes. Average Annual Total Returns Periods ended December 31, 2023 1990-09-28 0.0080 0.0416 0.0419 0.0039 0.0327 0.0313 0.0079 0.0335 0.0326 2015-12-17 0.0098 0.0431 0.0529 2021-02-22 0.0188 -0.1162 MSCI All Country Asia ex Japan Index Net (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) 0.0550 0.0598 0.0369 0.0386 -0.1013 Lipper Pacific Ex Japan Funds Average 0.0507 0.0243 0.0362 0.0356 -0.1095 Updated performance information is available through troweprice.com. troweprice.com 485BPOS 2024-10-31 0000313212 false 2024-12-19 2025-01-01 N-1A ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule4 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule5 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule6 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart7 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule8 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule12 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule13 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule14 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart15 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule16 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule20 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule21 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule22 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart23 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule24 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule28 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule29 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule30 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart31 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule32 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule36 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule37 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule38 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart39 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule40 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule44 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule45 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule46 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart47 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule48 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule52 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule53 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule54 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart55 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule56 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule60 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule61 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule62 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRBarChart63 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule64 ~ 0.0922 -0.1919 0.0598 0.2364 -0.0892 0.0805 -0.0432 0.3022 -0.0588 0.1176 -0.0067 0.0471 0.4323 -0.1116 0.2508 0.2668 -0.0538 -0.1925 -0.0088 0.5906 0.0589 -0.2649 -0.1581 -0.3577 -0.1008 0.215 0.1973 -0.1444 0.3086 -0.0829 0.1457 -0.8368 0.6243 -0.059 0.006 -0.1046 0.2572 -0.1272 0.2689 0.1253 0.1482 -0.2176 0.1901 -0.0852 0.1489 0.112 0.3266 -0.1217 0.265 0.3459 -0.1099 -0.2738 0.0202 -0.1308 -0.2713 0.3076 0.297 -0.0823 0.2165 -0.0756 -0.1504 0.0023 0.3467 0.0695 -0.0509 0.009 0.4133 -0.1504 0.2673 0.2956 -0.0429 -0.2261 0.008 February 28, 2026 February 28, 2026 December 31, 2026 December 31, 2026 December 31, 2026 February 28, 2026 February 28, 2026 February 28, 2026 February 28, 2026 December 31, 2026 December 31, 2026 December 31, 2026 February 28, 2026 ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule9 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule17 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule25 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule33 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule41 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule49 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule57 ~ ~ http://troweprice.com/20241031/role/RRSchedule65 ~ Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through February 28, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after February 28, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through February 28, 2026) to waive its fees and/or bear any expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) that would cause the class’ ratio of expenses to average daily net assets to exceed 1.30%. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after February 28, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Fees waived and expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the class’ expense ratio is below 1.30%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the class’ expense ratio (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the class’ current expense limitation (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed to waive and/or bear all the Z Class’ expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) in their entirety. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., expects this fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement to remain in place indefinitely, and the agreement may only be amended or terminated with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Combined Index Portfolio Net is an unmanaged linked performance portfolio composed of: 100% S&P IFCG Africa & Middle East Index Net (excluding Saudi Arabia and Israel) through 6/30/09 (prior to 9/1/08, the index excluded Kuwait); 100% MSCI Arabian Markets & Africa Index Net from 7/1/09 through 9/29/10; 100% S&P Emerging/Frontier ME & Africa BMI ex IL Net from 9/30/10 through 12/31/17; and 100% MSCI Arabian Markets & Africa 10/40 Investable Market Index Net from 1/1/18 forward. Return since 3/6/17. Return since 2/22/21. Return since 2/28/17. Return since 2/28/21. Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through December 31, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after December 31, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through December 31, 2026) to waive its fees and/or bear any expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) that would cause the class’ ratio of expenses to average daily net assets to exceed 1.15%. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after December 31, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Fees waived and expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the class’ expense ratio is below 1.15%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the class’ expense ratio (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the class’ current expense limitation (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through December 31, 2026) to waive its fees and/or bear any expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) that would cause the class’ ratio of expenses to average daily net assets to exceed 1.25%. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after December 31, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Fees waived and expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the class’ expense ratio is below 1.25%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the class’ expense ratio (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the class’ current expense limitation (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Return since 5/21/14. Return since 3/6/17. Return since 5/31/14. Return since 2/28/17. Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through February 28, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after February 28, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through February 28, 2026) to waive its fees and/or bear any expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) that would cause the class’ ratio of expenses to average daily net assets to exceed 1.40%. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after February 28, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Fees waived and expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the class’ expense ratio is below 1.40%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the class’ expense ratio (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the class’ current expense limitation (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Return since 12/10/19. Return since 11/30/19. Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through February 28, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after February 28, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through February 28, 2026) to waive its fees and/or bear any expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) that would cause the class’ ratio of expenses to average daily net assets to exceed 1.41%. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after February 28, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Fees waived and expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the class’ expense ratio is below 1.41%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the class’ expense ratio (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the class’ current expense limitation (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed to waive and/or bear all the Z Class’ expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) in their entirety. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., expects this fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement to remain in place indefinitely, and the agreement may only be amended or terminated with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Return since 3/6/17. Return since 2/22/21. Return since 2/28/17. Return since 2/28/21. Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through December 31, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after December 31, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed to waive and/or bear all the Z Class’ expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) in their entirety. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., expects this fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement to remain in place indefinitely, and the agreement may only be amended or terminated with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Return since 3/6/17. Return since 2/22/21. Return since 2/28/17. Return since 2/28/21. Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through December 31, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after December 31, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed to waive and/or bear all the Z Class’ expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) in their entirety. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., expects this fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement to remain in place indefinitely, and the agreement may only be amended or terminated with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Return since 3/6/17. Return since 2/22/21. Return since 2/28/17. Return since 2/28/21. Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through December 31, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after December 31, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed to waive and/or bear all the Z Class’ expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) in their entirety. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., expects this fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement to remain in place indefinitely, and the agreement may only be amended or terminated with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Return since 3/6/17. Return since 2/22/21. Return since 2/28/17. Return since 2/28/21. Subject to certain exceptions and account minimums, accounts are charged an annual $20 fee. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed (through February 28, 2026) to pay the operating expenses of the fund’s I Class excluding management fees; interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses (I Class Operating Expenses), to the extent the I Class Operating Expenses exceed 0.05% of the class’ average daily net assets. The agreement may only be terminated at any time after February 28, 2026, with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Any expenses paid under this agreement (and any applicable prior limitations) are subject to reimbursement to T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., by the class whenever the I Class Operating Expenses are below 0.05%. However, the class will not reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., more than three years from the date such amounts were initially waived or paid. The class may only reimburse T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., if the reimbursement does not cause the I Class Operating Expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the current expense limitation on I Class Operating Expenses (or the expense limitation in place at the time the amounts were waived or paid). T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., has contractually agreed to waive and/or bear all the Z Class’ expenses (excluding interest; expenses related to borrowings, taxes, and brokerage; nonrecurring, extraordinary expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses) in their entirety. T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., expects this fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangement to remain in place indefinitely, and the agreement may only be amended or terminated with approval by the fund’s Board of Directors. Due to new SEC Rules on shareholder reporting, the fund adopted a new broad-based securities market index, referred to as the Regulatory Benchmark. Return since 12/17/15. Return since 2/22/21. Return since 12/31/15. Return since 2/28/21.