Code of Ethics

 

A3

 

 

 

Code of Ethics and Standards of Business Conduct

 

1.Introduction

 

As an investment adviser registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), MAI Capital Management (“MAI,” “we,” “our,” “us,” or the “Firm”) has adopted its Code of Ethics and Standards of Business Conduct, and any amendments (the “Code”) which governs the activities of all Supervised Persons and Access Persons (individually “you” or “your”) who are required to comply with the Code and all applicable law.

 

One of our most important assets is our reputation, which we must maintain. This shared commitment underlies our success as individuals and as a business. In meeting your obligations, you must always put the interests of our clients first and comply with all applicable securities laws.

 

The Code provides standards of honest and ethical conduct. These procedures cover a wide range of areas to ensure that your business conduct and activities are consistent with legitimate business purposes and our fiduciary duty.

 

The Code does not attempt to anticipate every ethical dilemma that you might face. Instead, it sets forth general guidelines on specific issues for maintaining MAI’s high ethical standards.

 

The Code requires you to report or disclose to and seek approval from the Chief Compliance Officer (the “CCO”), the Compliance Department, or the General Counsel (the “GC”) for certain activities. The CCO or GC may delegate responsibilities.

 

You are accountable for adherence to this Code and facilitating prompt internal reporting of violations.

 

MAI will provide a copy of the Code at the time of hire and when amended (which may be done periodically without notice). You must acknowledge that you have received a copy, have read and understood it, and will abide by it. A breach of the provisions of this Code may result in disciplinary action including possible monetary penalties, suspension, or termination.

 

Definitions of key terms used in the Code are in Appendix A.

 

 

 

 

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2.Fiduciary Duty

 

We owe our clients a duty of undivided loyalty. Specifically, MAI and you will:

 

●Act for the benefit of our clients and place their interests before our own;

 

●Act in a position of trust to clients and do nothing to violate that trust;

 

●Not make misleading statements, including statements that omit material facts;

 

●Act with competence, use reasonable care, and exercise independent professional judgment;

 

●Exercise independence when making investment decisions for clients;

 

●Conduct personal securities transactions in a manner that is consistent with the Code and avoiding actual or potential conflicts of interest;

 

●Not abuse our position of trust and responsibility;

 

●Eliminate or mitigate and disclose all material conflicts of interest, and

 

●Safeguard and keep confidential sensitive and / or non-public personal information of clients.

 

3.Standards of Business Conduct

 

We conduct ourselves with integrity, dignity and act ethically in our dealings with the public, clients, prospects, and MAI.

 

a.Conflicts of Interest

 

●You must make your best efforts to identify actual and potential conflicts of interest and report all known actual or potential conflicts of interest to the Compliance Department.

 

●You must avoid conducting personal or private business that conflicts or appears to conflict with the interests of the Firm and our clients. The appearance of a conflict of interest may be as damaging to the Firm as an actual conflict.

 

●Where you cannot eliminate potential conflicts, you must fully disclose those to MAI, and MAI will fully disclose material facts concerning the conflict(s).

 

b.Outside Business Activities (“OBA”)

 

●You have a duty of loyalty to MAI. MAI encourages participation in OBAs that are civic, charitable, or professional and that enhance your professionalism and MAI’s reputation. Simultaneously, MAI recognizes that an OBA may create a conflict of interest.

 

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●You must disclose all OBAs, whether for compensation or not, and whether investment-related or not. An exception to reporting is non-investment non- financial volunteer positions that the Supervised Person does not have a titled position.

 

●You must only engage in OBAs with the prior written approval of your supervisor and the Compliance Department.

 

●You must disclose Immediate Family Members participating in an OBA within the financial services sector (i.e., firms that provide financial services to commercial and retail customers, such as banks, investment funds, insurance companies, and real estate).

 

●We do not generally require approval of OBAs undertaken by Immediate Family Members. However, you must contact the Compliance Department if you believe that it raises or appears to raise a conflict of interest.

 

●You must receive written pre-approval from the Compliance Department for an OBA relating to the following:

 

Being employed by or compensated by any other entity;

 

Being active in any other business, including part-time, evening, or weekend employment;

 

Serving as an officer, director, or partner in any other entity;

 

Ownership interest in any non-publicly traded company or other private, non-real property investment (if not otherwise reported in MyComplianceOffice (“MCO”);

 

Engaging in any public speaking or writing activities related to investment management;

 

Unless otherwise reported in MCO, acting as a general partner of a limited partnership or serving as a managing member of a client limited liability company;

 

Holding a public office position or committing to a candidacy or a formal position on a campaign committee;

 

Operating a hedge fund or, sponsoring or participating in an association or group formed to invest in securities (e.g., an investment club), or

 

Recommending another firm’s financial planning, investment management, brokerage, or similar services for a referral fee.

 

●Reporting - you must notify Compliance in MCO with a clear description of the activities and any compensation to be received.

 

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●Examples of OBAs with disclosure and prior approval requirements:

 

Position: Disclose: Prior Approval Needed:
Investment Committee Member Yes Yes
Board Member Yes Yes
Campaign Committee Member Yes Yes
Non-investment related volunteering No No

 

●Considerations for approving OBAs - initial and continued OBA approval depends on a variety of factors, including the extent to which the proposed activity could violate any law or regulation, interfere with your responsibilities to MAI, involve prolonged absences during business hours, or compete with MAI's interests. Additionally, the Firm will weigh the possibility of adverse publicity and potential liability.

 

c.Public Office

 

You may run for and serve in local, elective, or appointed civic offices, provided the activity, including campaigning: 1) occurs outside your work hours; 2) involves no use of MAI's name, facilities, or other assets (including client lists), or corporate funding; 3) is confined solely to the employee’s capacity as a private citizen and not as a representative of MAI, and 4) does not present an actual or perceived conflict of interest for MAI.

 

You are to notify and receive pre-approval from the GC or CCO before committing to a candidacy for elective office or a formal position on a campaign committee or accepting an appointment to a public or civic office.

 

You must avoid conflicts of interest when running for or serving in public office. Take care that the duties of the office do not involve matters - such as money management, public finance, or investment activities - related to your obligations and responsibilities with MAI. If, after being elected, a conflict does arise, you must abstain from voting or otherwise acting on the matter and contact the GC or CCO.

 

Generally, you may also support others in their campaigns for public office, provided the time spent on such activity is outside the employee's work hours, not using MAI's name, facilities, or corporate funds, and the activity does not violate MAI's policy on Political Contributions. Certain employees may be restricted from contributing to or fundraising for state and local candidates or state or local officials running for federal office. Therefore, all employees are to consult with the Compliance Department before working on political campaigns.

 

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d.Gifts, Entertainment, and Other Payments

 

●You must avoid giving or receiving any gift, donation, benefit, service, or other favor that might affect or potentially affect your role and responsibilities or that might compromise MAI's credibility.

 

●You may not accept inappropriate gifts, favors, entertainment, special accommodations, or other things of material value that could influence decision- making or make you feel indebted to another person or firm.

 

●Similarly, you may not offer gifts, favors, entertainment, or other things of value that may be viewed as overly generous or aimed at influencing decision-making or making a client or prospective client feel indebted to MAI.

 

●You may be required to return or reimburse a gift, especially if received from a one source or if the total dollar value of gifts received during a single year is deemed excessive.

 

●For gifts of nominal value:

 

You or your Immediate Family Members may not give to, or accept from, a gift or other items of value to any client, vendor, potential vendor or anyone else that does business or seeks to do business with MAI above $250 per calendar year per person/entity, without prior written approval from the CCO or GC.

  

You may not give gifts to potential clients except for de minimis items that would be considered exclusions under these policies.

 

●Cash or cash equivalents may never be offered or accepted, regardless of the amount, which includes any gift card that can be turned into cash. Merchandise gift cards are not considered cash equivalents but are gifts subject to all other requirements of the Code.

 

●Ordinary Business Entertainment - you or your Immediate Family Members may not provide or accept extravagant or excessive entertainment to or from a client, prospective client, or any person or entity that does or seeks to do business with MAI. You and your Immediate Family Members may occasionally provide or accept a business entertainment event, such as meals, sporting event or theatre tickets, golf course fees of reasonable value, and any transportation and lodging accompanying or related to such activity or event. If the person or entity providing the entertainment is present, MAI does not consider these occasional entertainment expenses as gifts and, therefore, does not count them toward the annual gift allowance. However, as stated above, no entertainment expense should be given or accepted in such frequency or amount that would violate MAI's overriding principle. All entertainment given and received must be

 

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pre-approved by your supervisor.

 

●You must enter all gifts in MCO. If you are entering items for another person, select the employee who received the gift/entertainment and not enter the gift/entertainment under their name. The Compliance Department will maintain MCO and make sure the record of such items includes the name of the person or company giving/receiving the item, the date the item was given/received, a description of the item, and its approximate value. Entertainment recorded in MCO will not “count” towards your yearly “gift” total.

 

●MAI forbids giving or receiving bribes, payoffs, or payments to any person, government official, or entity for improperly obtaining or retaining business or influencing consideration of any business activity. Special rules may apply to payments or gifts to officers, directors, employees, or other affiliates of government-owned or controlled entities, certain highly regulated entities (such as banks and insurance companies), and entities in certain jurisdictions.

 

●If a gift could be viewed as improper or compromising your integrity and/or MAI, you should respectfully decline the gift.

 

●Exclusions - the following items are not subject to the $250 annual limit:

 

Life Events – reasonable gifts of a personal nature, such as wedding gifts or congratulatory gifts for the birth of a child. You must record these gifts in MCO as Life Events;

 

Gifts and entertainment given to or received from individuals who are also your Immediate Family Members (gifts to and from Immediate Family Members are not required to be reported to the Compliance Department), and

 

Items of de minimis value given or received, such as pens, mugs, shirts, golf balls, and other similar promotional logo items, are not required to be reported to the Compliance Department.

 

e.Political Contributions

 

All Access Persons are Covered Associates. Covered Associates are prohibited from making any direct or indirect (e.g., through another person, firm, Immediate Family Member, or political action committee) political contribution, either personally or on behalf of MAI, to any political party, elected official, or candidate with the intention of obtaining or maintaining any business for MAI. Any political contribution made by a Covered Associate must be pre-approved by the Compliance Department (complete the political contribution form in MCO).

 

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f.Relationships with International Government Officials and Local Laws

 

●U.S. law (including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and local laws of most countries outside the U.S.) prohibit the provision of money or anything of value to government officials (including employees of government-owned or government-controlled commercial enterprises), political parties, or political candidates to influence their official actions to obtain or retain business improperly. Payments made to such persons through agents or business partners are similarly prohibited.

 

●Under MAI’s policy, officials of international governmental organizations, such as the World Bank, the European Union, and the Inter-American Development Bank, are considered government officials. The FCPA potentially applies to all Supervised Persons. In addition, MAI must comply with local laws in any country where MAI does business.

 

●The FCPA and local laws of foreign countries may apply to money payments and less direct benefits. These could include such actions as hiring a local company owned by a member of a foreign official’s family. Employees must also carefully consider the propriety of any entertainment of foreign officials, payment or reimbursement of their travel or related expenses, and gifts to such persons. Concerns may arise in an educational seminar hosted by MAI, a business meeting with MAI personnel, or any similar setting. Even when such payments, entertainment, or gifts would be allowed under U.S. law, you must examine their legality and appropriateness under relevant local law.

 

g.Prohibited Payments and Activities

 

You may not participate on behalf of MAI, any client of the Firm, or on your behalf in any of the following transactions:

 

●Use of MAI funds for political purposes (except events approved by the CCO or GC);

 

●Payments or receipt of bribes, kickbacks, or other amounts with any understanding that part or all of such amount will be refunded or delivered to a third party (such as consultants to plans subject to ERISA) in violation of any applicable law;

 

●Payments to governmental officials or employees other than in the ordinary course of business for legal purposes (e.g., payment of taxes), and

 

●Use of the funds or assets of MAI for any unlawful or improper purpose.

 

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h.Additional Standards

 

As a matter of professional integrity and responsibility, you must always abide by the higher standard in situations where varying procedures among multiple entities exist. You may be subject to an additional code of ethics and professional responsibilities related to any professional licenses or designations you hold. Those guidelines are not a part of this Code of Ethics.

 

Per Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act, any “Advisory Person” of a registered investment company (mutual fund) or an investment adviser to a mutual fund is an Access Person of the mutual fund (“Fund Access Person”). Fund Access Persons are subject to the code of ethics adopted by the mutual fund in addition to this Code. An Advisory Person is:

 

●Any director, officer, general partner, or employee of the mutual fund or investment adviser (or of any company in a control relationship with the mutual fund or investment adviser) who, in connection with their regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding, the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by a mutual fund, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations concerning such purchases or sales, and

 

●Any natural person in a control relationship with the mutual fund or investment adviser who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the mutual fund concerning the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by the mutual fund.

 

4.Personal Trading - Access Persons

 

Access Persons are to conduct personal trading activities consistent with the fiduciary duty to our clients and with regulatory requirements. Access Persons are encouraged to adopt long-term investment strategies consistent with their financial resources and objectives. Additionally, MAI discourages short-term trading strategies as they may disrupt and interfere with job performance and the duty owed to clients.

 

All personal trading policies and procedures also apply to accounts of Immediate Family Members, trusts for which the Access Person serves as a trustee, or any account for which the Access Person is a Beneficial Owner. Access Persons must comply with these policies for all such accounts.

 

MAI will monitor Access Persons' trading activity to confirm that clients' interests come first and that their trading activity complies with applicable securities laws.

 

The Compliance Department will conduct reviews of personal trades of Access Persons against the trades executed for clients. If MAI's personal trading policies were violated,

 

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even if inadvertently, the trade may be canceled, and any profits may be disgorged.

 

a.Personal Securities Transactions Policy

 

●Access Persons may not knowingly trade ahead of any non-public orders or contemplated orders of any of that Access Person’s clients or any other market participants to benefit from the market impact of those orders.

 

●Access Persons may not “scalp” by buying shares for their personal securities accounts with the intention of subsequently buying for one or more of their clients, or MAI, believing that those purchases will cause the securities' prices to rise. Likewise, if the Access Person intends to sell a security by one or more of their clients, or MAI, the Access Person may not first sell any of the same securities from the Access Person’s personal securities account, believing the subsequent sales will reduce the securities' prices.

 

●Trading activity must not be excessive in terms of your financial resources or the time spent on your investments.

 

●Transfers of funds or securities and other transactions involving client and personal securities accounts are prohibited.

 

●Access Persons may only become a member of or have an interest in an investment club after obtaining prior approval from the Compliance Department.

 

●Access Persons may not engage in "short-swing" or market-timing trading activities. Access Persons may not purchase and sell or sell and purchase the same Reportable Security in the same account, including affiliated mutual funds, within thirty calendar days. The Compliance Department may, for good cause shown, such as a hardship, permit a short-swing trade. Access Persons who engage in short-swing trading may have their profits disgorged. Profit is based upon the difference between the most recent purchase and sale prices for the most recent transactions. Be aware that profit for disgorgement purposes may differ from the capital gains calculations for tax purposes. The disposition of any disgorged profits will be at the discretion of MAI to a bona fide and legally permitted charity. Taxes and related costs are the responsibility of the Access Person.

 

●Generally, options are subject to a thirty calendar day holding period. Opening and closing or closing and opening an option position within thirty days of each other or opening an option position within thirty days of expiration will result in any profits being subject to disgorgement. Entering into an option spread will not violate the thirty-day holding period contract. However, the time

 

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period for exiting spread option is subject to the thirty-day holding period. When opening an option position against an existing common stock holding, the Access Person must have held that position for at least thirty days to avoid any profits being subject to disgorgement.

 

●Do not trade in securities where you have any knowledge of material “inside” information as it illegal.

 

●Unless otherwise required, Access Persons are not required to receive preclearance for transactions conducted in personal securities accounts that MAI or another investment professional manages on behalf of the Access Person, provided that evidence is provided to the Compliance Department that a signed discretionary investment management agreement is in place or with other evidence required by the Compliance Department.

 

●Access Persons can have personal securities accounts managed in the same styles or hold positions similar to those of MAI for our clients. Such accounts may be managed by MAI on behalf of the Access Person, individually by the Access Person, or by an unaffiliated manager. Access Persons who manage their own personal accounts in any capacity are subject to the preclearance policy described in the Code for those accounts.

 

●Employees of MAI may be investors in a pooled investment vehicle advised by MAI or an affiliate. Subsequent capital calls after approval of the initial transaction do not require additional Compliance Department approval. However, increases in capital commitments do require Compliance Department approval.

 

●Approval by the Compliance Department is required before an Access Person acquires any direct or indirect economic interest in any security in: (a) an Initial Public Offering or (b) a Limited Offering (as defined herein).

 

●Access Persons must determine if the transaction requires preclearance for personal transactions in Reportable Securities. See Table 1 – Reportable Securities and Required Preclearance. If preclearance is required, the Access Person must follow the required procedures before transacting.

 

●MAI reserves the right to require preclearance for mutual funds where it is an adviser or sub-adviser. Compliance will advise you if preclearance is needed.

 

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b.Preclearance of Trades

 

●Unless otherwise specified, pre-cleared transactions are valid for the same day as approved. If the approved transaction, or any portion thereof, is not executed within the specified time, the Access Person must obtain written approval for the transaction again.

 

●MAI will grant preclearance only when the requesting Access Person intends to transact in the security for which preclearance is sought. It is not appropriate for an Access Person to obtain a general or open-ended preclearance to cover the eventuality that they may buy or sell a security at some point on a particular day, depending upon market developments. This requirement would not prohibit a price limit order, provided you intend to affect a transaction at such price. An Access Person may not simultaneously request preclearance to buy and sell the same reportable security.

 

●MAI reserves the right to cancel previously pre-cleared trades if an actual conflict arises or in certain other limited circumstances. Access Persons may be obliged to sell previously pre-cleared positions. MAI will not be responsible for any losses due to such cancellation. You will be required to disgorge all profits received by the Access Person from such sale and may be required to donate the profits to an approved charity

 

●Access Persons desiring to transact in a security requiring preclearance must submit a request for pre-approval to the Compliance Department subject to the following:

 

   Pre-approval requests must be submitted using MCO.

 

   Approval is based on individual responses to preclearance questions.

 

   Except as set forth in Table 2, pre-approval requests must be submitted by 2:00 pm ET and any requests received after 2:00 pm ET will wait in queue for approval until the next trading day.

 

   Except as set forth in Table 2, all requests will be approved or denied by 3:00 pm ET.

 

   Only upon receiving written notification of preclearance approval may you submit an order for execution for the approved security.

 

   You may not knowingly trade securities on the same day that you have recommended or plan to recommend to clients unless you trades are part of an MAI strategy or model.

 

   You may not trade in Restricted Securities that apply to you. 

 

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●Generally, an Access Person is presumed to have an interest in securities acquired or held by Immediate Family Members sharing the Access Person’s household. Accordingly, this pre-approval requirement applies to securities acquired by these persons.

 

●When applicable, before granting an Access Person written clearance to trade a specific security, the Compliance Department will make the best effort to ensure that there are no client trades for the same security being executed except for the trade(s) being made.

 

●Approvals for limited offerings are granted for thirty days. If the Access Person does not purchase a limited offering within thirty days, the Access Person must submit a new request if desiring to participate later.

 

c.Personal Account Reporting

 

●Access Persons must disclose to MAI holdings and transactions in securities or other investments for which the Access Person is a Beneficial Owner.

 

●MAI has an approved custodian list for personal accounts. All Access Persons are expected to use the approved custodian(s). The approved custodians are based on data feeds available through MCO. Please contact the Compliance Department before opening a new account at a different custodian to ensure a data feed is available.

 

●MAI's Compliance Department may grant exceptions based on specific criteria such as an alternative asset that cannot be moved to another custodian, retirement plans with outstanding loans, or other issues that make moving an account difficult. Submit email requests for exceptions to the Compliance Department.

 

●All Access Persons must enter their brokerage accounts in MCO for all accounts in their name and in the name of any Immediate Family Member(s) sharing the same household or in any name in which Access Person has an interest or the right to direct trades. This includes all Reportable Account(s), even those that do not hold Reportable Securities or those managed by an independent third- party manager. Exempt accounts include 529s, HSAs, 401(k)s, current employer stock ownership plans, and profit-sharing plans unless you utilize a brokerage option in any of these accounts or if the account allows for stocks and ETFs to be traded.

 

●Upon opening a Managed Account, Access Persons must submit proof (usually a letter or email) from the investment professional indicating that an account is being managed and the employee has no discretion over the account (this

 

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includes donor-advised funds). Access Persons have ten days to provide this letter to the Compliance Department via email or hard copy.

 

●Access Persons must grant MAI access to electronic data feeds. They may be required to complete additional paperwork from the Access Persons' custodian to MAI's MCO portal that gives MAI access to electronic data feeds.

 

d.Personal Holdings Reports

 

●Access Persons must, within ten days of becoming an Access Person and at least annually by January 30th thereafter, report to the Compliance Department all personal securities holdings of Reportable Securities (including Limited Offering holdings) in MCO.

 

●Each Holdings Report must contain, at a minimum, the following information:

 

The title and type of security, and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

 

The name of any broker, dealer, or bank with which the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the Access Person's direct or indirect benefit, and

 

The date the Access Person submits the report.

 

●The required information must be current at most forty-five days before the employee becomes an Access Person (for initial reports) or the date the report is submitted (for annual reports).

 

●Instead of submitting all required information in a Holdings Report, MAI's Access Persons may rely on the MCO information if the data set forth above is contained in such system. Access persons do not need to report holdings related to an MAI private fund in a Holdings Report to the extent the holdings are separately reported in this manner; however, each Access Person must certify that all accounts have been disclosed and MAI’s Compliance Department has access to all information.

 

e.Personal Security Transaction Reports

 

●Access Persons must report all personal securities transactions in Reportable Securities (including Limited Offering transactions) quarterly. Access Persons must also report quarterly any account that was established in which any securities were held during the quarter for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person.

 

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●Access Persons must complete an affirmation in MCO by the date noted in the affirmation by thirty days after the end of each calendar quarter.

 

●Each transaction report must contain, at a minimum, the following information about each transaction involving a Reportable Security in which the Access Person had, or as a result of the transaction acquired, any Beneficial Ownership:

 

The date of the transaction, the title, and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, interest rate and maturity date, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security involved;

 

The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale, or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

 

The price of the security at which the transaction was effected;

 

The name of the broker, dealer, or bank with or through which the transaction was effected, and

 

The date the Access Person submits the report.

 

●Instead of submitting all required information in a quarterly Transaction Report, MAI's Access Persons may rely on the information captured by the MCO system. Each Access Person must certify each quarter that all accounts have been disclosed and data is being sent to MAI's Compliance Department.

 

●Employees do not need to report transactions related to MAI Funds since the Firm can access that information.

 

●For outside Private Funds, employees may manually report until they receive statements.

 

f.Personal Security Transaction Compliance Review

 

●MCO automatically reviews accounts for compliance with restricted securities, preclearance of trades, holding periods, and conflicts with client accounts. For manual accounts, the Compliance Department will conduct a periodic review of Access Persons’ Personal Holdings Reports and brokerage statements for potential conflicts of interest or violations of the Code.

 

●The Compliance Department will review Access Persons’ personal transaction MCO generated exceptions and for other potentially abusive practices. The CCO will review all Compliance staff exceptions. The GC will review the exceptions for accounts belonging to the CCO. When an individual serves as the GC and CCO, the most senior compliance person under the CCO will review and discuss any concerns or anomalies with the Managing Partner.

 

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5.Insider Trading

 

An investment adviser must establish, maintain, and enforce written policies and procedures designed to prevent the misuse of material non-public information by its directors, officers, and employees.

 

The securities laws prohibit improper disclosure or use of non-public information relative to publicly traded securities. Violations of the prohibitions against "insider trading" are punishable by severe sanctions, including criminal penalties. In general, securities laws prohibit trading by a person while possessing material non-public information about a company or the market for that company's securities. The securities laws also prohibit a person possessing material non-public information from communicating any such information to others who may use that knowledge to trade securities (so-called "tipping").

 

Insider trading violations could result in criminal and civil prosecution, disgorgement, civil penalties, and incarceration.

 

Information must be considered "non-public" until it has been effectively disseminated to the marketplace for a sufficient period to be reflected in the security's price. Information remains non-public until it has been publicly disclosed, meaning that it has been broadly distributed to the public in a non-exclusionary manner, such as via a filing with the SEC or by appearance in publications of general circulation.

 

Material non-public information later made public, is no longer subject to the prohibitions on insider trading. However, there may be a requirement to wait a reasonable time after public disclosure for the market to absorb the information.

 

a.Conduct Requirements

 

●You must disclose to the CCO any other activities that you engage in that may reasonably cause you to have access to inside information.

 

●You may not, while in the possession of material non-public information about a company or about the market for that company's securities, for your portfolio or the portfolios of others buy or sell the securities of that company or derivatives of such securities (e.g., options, warrants, etc.) until that information becomes publicly disseminated and the market has had an opportunity to react.

 

●You may not communicate or "tip" material non-public information about a company to any person except for lawful purposes.

 

●You may not disclose material non-public information about a company or the market for that company’s securities to any person except to the extent necessary to carry out the legitimate business obligations of MAI.

 

●Mutual fund holdings are considered non-public until they have been

 

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disseminated to the public (such as through publicly available filings with the SEC). No Access Person may disclose the holdings of any mutual fund advised by MAI until the holdings have become public. Access Persons should check with the Compliance Department before disclosing any holdings of MAI-advised funds.

 

●Before trading or making investment recommendations for themselves or others, every Access Person in the securities of a company about which the Access Person may have potential insider information must consider whether the information is material and non-public. If, after consideration, the information is determined to be material and non-public, or the Access Person is unable to determine whether the information is material and non-public, the Access Person must do the following: (1) report the matter immediately to the CCO; (2) not purchase, sell or recommend securities on behalf of yourself or others, including accounts managed by MAI, and (3) not communicate the information inside or outside MAI other than to the CCO or GC.

 

b.Compliance Procedures

 

●The Compliance Department will maintain a “Restricted List," which identifies the securities that may not be traded in employee accounts without prior approval from the Compliance Department.

 

●The Compliance Department will maintain a "Watch List," which identifies securities that can be traded within guidelines. The criteria for this list will be based on market cap and trading volume so that the security price cannot be influenced by a trade of $5 million or less.

 

●The Compliance Department will periodically review the market cap and trading volume of securities on the Watch List.

 

●The Compliance Department will use MCO to review Access Persons’ Holdings and Transaction Reports for potential policy violations.

 

c.Additional Considerations for Non-Public Private Offering Materials

 

●Follow the procedures described below if you receive non-public private offering materials. This information must be treated as inside information, even if received on an unsolicited basis.

 

●When delivering offering memoranda for Rule 144A or other private offerings, certain investment banking firms occasionally include a sealed package containing non-public financial projections and other non-public information. The package may contain a notice that the enclosed information has not been made public, and receiving such information may impose legal restrictions on

 

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the recipient’s trading activities. If you open such a package and reviews the contents, MAI may be regarded as being in possession of inside information. If you wish to review the contents or accidentally opened the package, contact the CCO to determine what measures must be taken. If you receive this package and do not wish to review the contents, send the unopened package to the CCO so that appropriate records may be maintained (do not dispose of the package).

 

6.Supervision

 

Supervised and Access Persons with supervisory responsibility, authority, or the ability to influence the conduct of others must exercise reasonable supervision over those subject to your supervision or authority to prevent violation of applicable statutes, regulations, or provisions of the Code.

 

MAI has assigned supervision responsibilities to certain department supervisors who are responsible supervising their employees. You should be in regular contact with your respective supervisor and your supervisor should be in regular contact with you.

 

7.Regulatory, Legal, and Other Contacts

 

Note the following in connection with oral or written inquiries from regulatory agencies, government officials, and others outside of MAI.

 

a.Inquiries from Regulatory Agencies

 

●All inquiries, written or oral, for information by federal or state governmental or self-regulatory authorities, including but not limited to representatives of the SEC, the IRS, the DOL, and the states, must be reported immediately to the CCO and the GC.

 

●In the case of telephone inquiries, you must obtain the name, agency, address, and telephone number of the representative inquiring.

 

●Nothing in this Code prohibits or restricts any person in any way from reporting possible violations of law or regulation to any governmental agency or entity or otherwise prevents anyone from participating, assisting, or testifying in any proceeding or investigation by any such agency or entity or from making other disclosures that are protected or permitted under law or regulation.

 

b.Litigation Relating to MAI or Your Employment with MAI

 

●Only authorized employees may accept legal process on our behalf.

 

●If an attempt is made to serve you with a legal process intended for MAI, you

 

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must refuse it and immediately notify the GC.

 

●You must notify the GC immediately if you are served with a subpoena related to your employment with MAI, clients, or other employees.

 

8.Violations of the Code

 

a.Reporting to Compliance

 

Supervised Persons must promptly report any violation or suspected violation of the Code or of any securities laws or rules to the CCO or the GC. Such reports will be treated confidentially to the extent permitted by law. Reporting may be anonymous by submitting a whistleblower form in MCO. No retaliation or retribution of any kind will be taken against a Supervised Person for reporting a violation or potential violation in good faith. Retaliation against a person for reporting an alleged violation is also a violation of this Code.

 

If the CCO is unavailable or suspected of being involved in the reported violation, you are to report the violation to the GC.

 

All reports will be investigated, and appropriate action will be taken if necessary. The GC will lead any investigations and report violations and investigative findings to the appropriate supervisor and the Managing Partner.

 

b.Reports to Mutual Fund

 

Per Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, investment advisers to mutual funds must annually provide to the mutual fund’s board of directors a written report that:

 

●Describe any issues arising under the Code of ethics or procedures since the last report to the board of directors, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the Code or procedures and sanctions imposed in response to the material violations, and

 

●Certifies that the investment adviser has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent violations of the Code.

 

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TABLE 1 - REPORTABLE SECURITIES AND REQUIRED PRECLEARANCE

 

Asset

Securities that must

BE REPORTED

Securities that must be 

PRE-CLEARED

US Government Direct Obligations NO NO
Commercial Paper & Repurchase Agreements NO NO
High-Quality Short-Term Debt Instruments NO NO
Shares Issued by Money Market Funds NO NO
Equity Linked Notes YES NO
Automatic Investment Plans ("AIP") & Dividend Reinvestment Plans NO 1 NO
Open-End Investment Companies (mutual funds) NO 2 NO
Closed-End Investment Companies (includes Interval Funds) YES YES
Stocks (includes Preferred equities) YES YES
Options YES YES
Master Limited Partnerships YES YES
Commodities (does not include derivatives of commodities) NO NO
Cryptocurrencies NO NO
Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”) and Exchange Traded Notes YES NO
Involuntary Purchases or Sales (assignments, spin-offs) YES NO
Gifts of Reportable Securities YES NO
Corporate/Municipal Bonds YES NO
MAI or spouse's 401(k) Plan NO 3 NO 3
Private Offerings / Limited Offerings YES YES
Initial Public Offerings (“IPOs”) YES YES

 

1It is not reportable on quarterly transaction reports; however, shares added to holdings due to an AIP must be updated on Annual Holdings Reports.

 

2Mutual fund shares that are affiliated with MAI are reportable. MAI reserves the right to require preclearance for mutual funds where it is an adviser/sub-adviser at any time. If MAI decides preclearance is required, all employees should be advised.

 

3If you utilize a brokerage option of a 401k plan, you must pre-clear and report that sub- account.

 

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TABLE 2 - PERSONAL TRADING – PRECLEARANCE TIMES

 

Type of Security Preapproval Submission Response Time Approval Expiration

Equity Issuers with capitalization of $10 billion or more

By 2:00pm ET Auto approve (unless trade requires manual review) End of trading day
  After 2:00pm ET Auto approve (unless trade requires manual review) End of trading day
Securities requiring preclearance (see TABLE 1) 1 By 2:00pm ET Response by 3:00pm ET End of trading day
  After 2:00pm ET No action taken – must resubmit preapproval the next trading day N/A
1Limited offerings are not required to be submitted by 2:00pm ET. Depending on the facts and circumstances, the response time may take longer. Further, if approved, the approval is good for up to thirty days.

 

Only upon receiving notification of preclearance approval may you submit an order for execution for the approved security.

 

MAI reserves the right to cancel previously pre-cleared trades if an actual conflict arises or in certain other limited circumstances, and you may be obliged to sell previously pre-cleared positions.

 

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Appendix 1
Definitions

 

Defined terms used throughout this Code have the following meanings:

 

Access Person

 

●Any Supervised Person who has access to non-public information regarding any clients' purchase or sale of securities or non-public information regarding the portfolio holdings of any reportable fund;

 

●Any Supervised Person who is involved in making securities recommendations to clients, or who has access to such recommendations that are non-public; and

 

●Any other Person defined by the CCO.

 

AIP

 

An automatic investment program wherein regular periodic purchases or withdrawals are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts per a predetermined schedule and allocation, including a dividend reinvestment plan.

 

Beneficial Owner

 

An individual is a “beneficial owner” of an account if the individual has a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in the securities in the account. This includes: securities held by an Immediate Family Member as defined above, a person’s interest in securities held by a trust, and a person’s right to acquire equity securities through the exercise or conversion of any derivative security, whether or not presently exercisable. A pecuniary interest means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the securities.

 

Covered Securities

 

Any security except direct obligations of the U.S. government; bankers acceptances; CDs; commercial paper; high-quality short-term debt (including repurchase agreements); and shares of open-end funds other than fund/funds managed by the Adviser.

 

Fund

 

An investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

 

Immediate Family Members

 

Includes any of the following persons sharing the same household with the employee:

 

●A person's child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law,

 

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sister-in-law, legal guardian, adoptive relative, or domestic partner;

 

●Any person sharing the same household with the employee that holds an account in which the employee is a joint owner has trading authority or is listed as a beneficiary;

 

●Any person sharing the same household with the employee in which the employee contributes to maintenance of the household and the financial support of such person;

 

●Is financially dependent upon you or to whose financial support you materially contribute; or

 

●Whose investments that you control.

 

Immediate Family Members include adoptive relationships and any other relationship that the CCO determines could lead to possible conflicts of interest, diversions of corporate opportunity, or appearances of impropriety.

 

IPO

 

An initial public offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, the issuer of which immediately before registration was not subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. An IPO is when a company first sells its shares to the public.

 

Life Event

 

A significant event in someone’s life, such as marriage, the birth of a child, graduation, or death of an Immediate Family Member.

 

Limited Offering

 

An offering exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

Managed Account

 

An investment account owned by an individual investor and managed by a third-party investment professional on a discretionary basis. To avoid doubt, for this Code, evidence of a signed discretionary investment management agreement between the individual and the investment professional or certification from the investment professional is required for an account to qualify as "managed.”

 

Reportable Account

 

A brokerage account or investment account where you can trade Reportable Securities.

 

Reportable Security

 

Includes any investment or instrument that is commonly considered a “security,” including, but not limited to:

 

●An equity security including common and preferred stock;

 

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●Corporate, municipal, mortgage/asset-backed bonds, excluding exempted government obligations;

 

●An investment convertible into, or exchangeable for, stock or debt securities;

 

●Any derivative instrument relating to any of the above securities, including warrants, options and futures;

 

●Any pooled investment vehicle, excluding open-end investment companies;

 

●Shares of closed-end investment companies;

 

●Interval funds;

 

●Reportable funds (registered investment companies for which MAI serves as an investment adviser or whose investment adviser or principal underwriter controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with MAI);

 

●ETFs, and

 

●Any private placement.

 

A “Reportable Security” does not include securities that are:

 

●Direct obligations of the government of the United States;

 

●Bankers' acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and high- quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements;

 

●Shares issued by money market investment companies;

 

●Shares issued by open-end investment companies (other than reportable funds);

 

●Shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end investment companies, none of which are reportable funds, and

 

●529 Plans (not managed, distributed, marketed, or underwritten by MAI or a control affiliate).

 

Restricted List

 

The Compliance Department will maintain a "Restricted List," which identifies securities that may not be traded in employee accounts without prior approval from the CCO. The Restricted List contains securities in which the Compliance Department believes Access Persons may have material non-public information or any security held by an MAI Strategy with a Market Capitalization under $1 billion.

 

Supervised Person

 

●MAI’s partners, officers, and directors (or other persons occupying a similar status or performing similar functions);

 

●Employees;

 

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●Any other persons who provide advice on behalf of MAI and are subject to MAI’s supervision and control and

 

●Any other persons as defined by the CCO. The CCO will approve any exceptions.

 

At times, MAI may have temporary personnel, such as independent contractors or clerical personnel provided by an agency. Generally, the nature of these personnel's engagements and activities will not be such that they would be Supervised Persons. MAI will decide the status of those personnel on a case-by-case basis.

 

Watch List

 

The Compliance Department will maintain a "Watch List," which identifies securities held by a registered investment company for which MAI is the Adviser or sub-adviser. The criteria for approval of a transaction in a security on the Watch List is based on market capitalization so that the security price cannot be influenced by the trade.

 

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