v3.25.3
Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

8. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is attributable to U.S federal, state, and foreign income taxes. The Company’s effective tax rate used for interim periods is based on an estimated annual effective tax rate and includes the tax effect of items required to be recorded discretely in the interim periods in which those items occur.

A reconciliation of the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:

 

 

For the Three Months Ended

 

 

For the Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

 

September 30,

 

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

Estimated annual effective tax rate before discrete items

 

 

26.4

%

 

 

(28.5

)%

 

 

26.4

%

 

 

20.6

%

Discrete items recognized

 

 

(2.0

)%

 

 

(18.1

)%

 

 

(7.2

)%

 

 

9.5

%

Effective tax rate recognized in the statements of operations

 

 

24.4

%

 

 

(46.6

)%

 

 

19.2

%

 

 

30.1

%

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company’s effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. federal income tax rate, primarily as a result of including $1.0 million in tax benefits resulting from the recognition of excess tax benefits from share-based compensation. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company's effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. federal income tax rate, primarily as a result of the cumulative impact of the year-to-date estimated tax rate on pre-tax book losses as well as the 2023 return-to-provision adjustments driven by a refinement of pre-tax book income from continuing operations for tax reporting purposes.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company's effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. federal income tax rate, primarily as a result of including $4.7 million in tax benefits resulting from the recognition of excess tax benefits from share-based compensation. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company’s effective tax rate was higher than the U.S. federal income tax rate, primarily as a result of limitations on the deductibility of certain executive compensation that now apply to the Company after the IPO Offerings, which were completed in January 2024. In addition, the discrete tax benefit related to the Silver matter increased the effective tax rate on pre-tax book losses to date.

On July 4, 2025, H.R.1, new tax legislation commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act ("OBBBA"), which includes a broad range of tax provisions, was enacted in the U.S. The Company does not expect the OBBBA will have a material impact on its estimated annual effective tax rate in 2025, however will continue to monitor the cash tax benefits as a result of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions.

See Note 13 for further discussion of the Silver matter.