Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all majority-owned and controlled domestic and foreign subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references to the “Company” include the Company and its majority-owned and controlled domestic and foreign subsidiaries.

The condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and consequently do not include all of the disclosures normally required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (also referred to as “GAAP”) for annual reporting purposes or those made in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

As a result of the reverse merger of FGF and FGH, the condensed consolidated financial statements for the periods prior to the merger represent the results of FGH, as the accounting acquirer. For periods subsequent to the merger, the condensed consolidated financial statements represent the combined results of FGH and FGF. See Note 3 for additional information regarding the Merger of FGF and FGH and the resulting accounting for the reverse acquisition.

In addition, the current and historical financial results of managed services, reinsurance, Strong Studios and Strong/MDI are presented as discontinued operations and are excluded from results from continuing operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024, was derived from the Company’s audited consolidated balance sheet as of that date. All other condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary to present a fair statement of the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows for the respective interim periods. Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of trends or results expected for a full year.

Unless otherwise indicated, all references to “dollars” and “$” in this Form 10-Q are to, and amounts are presented in, U.S. dollars.

Use of Management Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results and changes in facts and circumstances may alter such estimates and affect results of operations and financial position in future periods. Estimates and their underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Changes in estimates are recorded in the accounting period in which they are determined.

Our business and the businesses of our equity holdings are subject to general political and economic risks, including the adverse impact of changes to international trade and tariff policies, which we are closely monitoring. The uncertainty as to the extent and duration of additional tariffs that have or may be imposed could impact estimates we have made, including those for credit losses and valuation of our equity securities and other holdings.

Consolidation Policies

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and entities in which it is required to consolidate under either the Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) or Voting Interest Entity (“VOE”) models. Both models require the reporting entity to identify whether it has a controlling financial interest in a legal entity and is therefore required to consolidate the legal entity. Under the VOE model, a reporting entity with ownership of a majority of the voting interest of a legal entity is generally considered to have a controlling financial interest. The VIE model was established for situations in which control may be demonstrated other than by the possession of voting rights in a legal entity and instead focuses on the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the legal entity’s economic performance, as well as the rights to receive benefits and obligations to absorb losses that could potentially be significant to the legal entity.

The determination of whether a legal entity is consolidated under either model is reassessed where there is a substantive change in the governing documents or contractual arrangements of the entity, to the capital structure of the entity or in the activities of the entity. Management continuously reassesses whether it should consolidate under either model. As a result of the transfer of STS to the CVR Trust (see Note 5), the entity is no longer consolidated into the Company’s financial statements. There have been no other changes to the legal entities that are consolidated during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

As a result of the transfer of assets to the CVR Trust, the Company does not have any non-consolidated VIEs as of September 30, 2025.

See Note 7 for further information regarding the Company’s equity holdings.

Digital Assets

The Company’s digital assets as of September 30, 2025 is solely comprised of ETH, which falls within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350-60, Intangible – Goodwill and Other – Crypto Assets. The Company does not hold any digital assets that do not fall into the scope of ASC 350-60.

As of September 30, 2025, the Company held $210.4 million of ETH, which are held at fair value and are included as part of the ETH digital assets line on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. In determining the fair value of the ETH in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, the Company utilizes Coinbase as the principal market. The activity from remeasurement of ETH at fair value is reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations within Unrealized gain (loss) on ETH digital assets. As part of the Private Placement Offering, certain investors contributed cryptocurrency assets (ETH, Bitcoin and USDC). The Company converted the Bitcoin and USDC received to ETH. Realized gains and losses from the derecognition of cryptocurrency assets are included in Realized gain (loss) on cryptocurrency assets, net in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company uses a first-in, first-out methodology to assign costs to cryptocurrency assets for purposes of the cryptocurrency assets held and realized gains and losses. Sales and purchases of cryptocurrency assets are reflected as cash flows from investing activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Contributions of cryptocurrency assets received as part of the consideration received in the Private Placement Offering are presented as noncash financing activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

ETH Staking

Beginning in the third quarter of 2025, the Company used the proceeds from its capital raising activities to acquire and deploy ETH in native staking activities. The Company has entered into separate contractual agreements with various third-party entities to facilitate its ETH staking activities. The Company commenced native staking in August of 2025. The Company intends for staking to become a primary yield generation strategy of the Company within the current fiscal year.

The Company utilizes a third-party asset manager to manage and stake ETH on its behalf. Through its agreement with the asset manager, the Company’s ETH is held by qualified custodians, staked in the Ethereum protocol, and the stake is delegated to third party validators. When chosen as validators by the Ethereum network, these validators earn staking rewards and transaction fees proportional to the amount of stake delegated to them. The Company recognizes rewards from native staking as revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. However, since the amount of rewards are not known by the Company until a validation activity is completed, and the Company receives rewards in their custodial account, the staking rewards are constrained under the Topic 606 guidance on variable consideration until such time.

Because the Company is not the principal to the block validation service, it does not control the full output of the reward-generating activity, and instead receives net staking rewards, after validator commissions are deducted. As such, the Company presents staking revenue on a net basis, reflecting only the portion of protocol rewards to which it is entitled. Asset management and other fees are presented as separate operating expenses within General and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Holdings in Equity Securities and Other Holdings

Prior to the distribution of assets to the CVR Trust (see Note 5 for additional details), Other holdings consisted, in part, of equity holdings made in privately held companies accounted for under the equity method. We utilize the equity method to account for holdings when we possess the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the operating and financial policies of the investee. The ability to exercise significant influence is presumed when the holder possesses more than 20% of the voting interests of the investee. This presumption may be overcome based on specific facts and circumstances that demonstrate that the ability to exercise significant influence is restricted. We apply the equity method to holdings in common stock and to other holdings when such other holdings possess substantially identical subordinated interests to common stock.

In applying the equity method, we record the holding at cost and subsequently increase or decrease the carrying amount of the holding by our proportionate share of the net earnings or losses and other comprehensive income of the investee. We record dividends or other equity distributions as reductions in the carrying value of the holding. Should net losses of the investee reduce the carrying amount of the holding to zero, additional net losses may be recorded if other holdings in the investee are at-risk, even if we have not committed to provide financial support to the investee. Such additional equity method losses, if any, are based upon the change in our claim on the investee’s book value.

When we receive distributions from our equity method holdings, we utilize the cumulative earnings approach. When classifying the related cash flows under this approach, the Company compares the cumulative distributions received, less distributions received in prior periods, with the Company’s cumulative equity in earnings. Cumulative distributions that do not exceed cumulative equity in earnings represent returns on holdings and are classified as cash inflows from operating activities. Cumulative distributions in excess of cumulative equity in earnings represent returns on holdings and are classified as cash inflows from investing activities.

In addition to holdings accounted for under the equity method of accounting, other holdings also consist of equity we have purchased in a limited partnership, a limited liability company, and a corporation for which there does not exist a readily determinable fair value. The Company accounts for these holdings at their cost, minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar holdings by the same issuer. When the Company observes an orderly transaction of an investee’s identical or similar equity securities, the Company adjusts the carrying value based on the observable price as of the transaction date. Once the Company records such an adjustment, the holding is considered an asset measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Any profit distributions the Company receives on these holdings are included in net holdings income.

See Note 7 for additional information regarding the Company’s equity holdings.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash and short-term, highly liquid financial instruments with original maturities of 90 days or less.

Revenue Recognition

The Company accounts for revenue for rental income and merchant banking advisory services using the following steps:

The Company combines contracts with the same customer into a single contract for accounting purposes when the contracts are entered into at or near the same time and the contracts are negotiated as a single commercial package, consideration in one contract depends on the other contract, or the services are considered a single performance obligation. If an arrangement involves multiple performance obligations, the items are analyzed to determine the separate units of accounting, whether the items have value on a standalone basis and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of their standalone selling price. The total contract transaction price is allocated to the identified performance obligations based upon the relative standalone selling prices of the performance obligations. The standalone selling price is based on an observable price for services sold to other comparable customers, when available, or an estimated selling price using a cost plus margin approach. Management estimates the amount of total contract consideration the Company expects to receive for variable arrangements by determining the most likely amount we expect to earn from the arrangement based on the expected quantities of services the Company expects to provide and the contractual pricing based on those quantities. The Company only includes some or a portion of variable consideration in the transaction price when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Management considers the sensitivity of the estimate, the Company’s relationship and experience with the client and variable services being performed, the range of possible revenue amounts and the magnitude of the variable consideration to the overall arrangement.

As discussed in more detail below, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services under the terms of a contract and is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing services. The Company typically does not have any material extended payment terms, as payment is due at or shortly after the time of the sale. Sales, value-added and other taxes collected concurrently with revenue producing activities are excluded from revenue.

The Company recognizes contract assets or unbilled receivables related to revenue recognized for services completed but not yet invoiced to the clients. Unbilled receivables are recorded as accounts receivable when we have an unconditional right to contract consideration. A contract liability is recognized as deferred revenue when we invoice clients, or receive cash, in advance of performing the related services under the terms of a contract. Deferred revenue is recognized as revenue when we have satisfied the related performance obligation.

The Company defers costs to acquire contracts, including commissions, incentives and payroll taxes, if they are incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a customer contract with a term exceeding one year. Deferred contract costs are reported within other assets and amortized to selling expense over the contract term, which generally ranges from one to five years. The Company has elected to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a term of less than one year as a selling expense when incurred. The Company did not have any deferred contract costs as of September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

Income Taxes

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, whereby deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for (i) the differences between the financial statement carrying amount of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and (ii) loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the date of enactment. Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not and a valuation allowance is established for any portion of a deferred tax asset that management believes will not be realized. Current federal income taxes are charged or credited to operations based upon amounts estimated to be payable or recoverable as a result of taxable operations for the current year. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense (benefit).

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk include holdings in equity securities and other holdings, cash, accounts receivable and deposits with reinsured companies. The Company maintains its cash with a major U.S. domestic banking institution which is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) for up to $250,000. As of September 30, 2025, the Company held funds in excess of these FDIC insured amounts. The terms of these deposits are on demand to mitigate some of the associated risk. The Company has not incurred losses related to these deposits. The Company sells its products to a large number of customers in many different geographic regions. To minimize credit risk related to accounts receivable, management performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has accounted for stock-based compensation under the provisions of ASC Topic 718 – Stock Compensation, which requires the use of the fair-value based method to determine compensation for all arrangements under which employees and others receive shares of stock or equity instruments. The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model using assumptions for expected volatility, expected dividends, expected term, and the risk-free interest rate along with multiple Monte Carlo simulations to determine a derived service period as the options vest based upon meeting certain performance conditions. The fair value of each stock option award is recorded as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the period in which the stock options vest, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital.

The Company has also issued restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to certain of its employees and directors which have been accounted for as equity-based awards since, upon vesting, they are required to be settled in the Company’s common shares. We have used the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date the RSUs were issued to estimate the grant date fair value of those RSUs which vest solely based upon the passage of time. The fair value of each RSU is recorded as compensation expense over the requisite service period, which is generally the expected period over which the awards will vest.

Based upon the Company’s historical forfeiture rates relating to stock options and RSUs, the Company has not made any adjustment to stock compensation expense for expected forfeitures as of September 30, 2025.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values of certain financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, short-term holdings, deposits held, accounts payable, other accrued expenses, and short-term debt, approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The Company measures the fair value of financial instruments in accordance with GAAP which defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset (or paid to transfer a liability) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset (or liability) in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. GAAP also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The Company’s short-term debt is recorded at historical cost. See Note 7 for further information on the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments.

Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the respective period.

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share assumes conversion of all potentially dilutive outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, warrants or other convertible financial instruments. Potential common shares outstanding are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-08, which changes the accounting and disclosure requirements for certain cryptocurrency assets that meet specific criteria (e.g., fungible intangible assets secured with cryptography that do not provide the holder with rights to underlying goods or services).

This ASU mandates that in-scope crypto assets be measured at fair value at each reporting period, with changes in fair value recorded in net income. It also requires additional disclosures regarding significant holdings, activity rollforward, and any sale restrictions. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods. The Company implemented ASU 2023-08 effective with the implementation of its ETH treasury operations in 2025.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as additional information on income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective on a prospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2023-09 will not impact amounts recorded in the Company’s financial statements but, instead, will require more detailed disclosures in the notes to the financial statements. The Company plans to provide the updated disclosures required by ASU 2023-09 in the periods in which they are effective.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires the disaggregated disclosure of specific expense categories, including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and amortization, within relevant income statement captions. ASU 2024-03 also requires disclosure of the total amount of selling expenses along with the definition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Adoption of ASU 2024-03 can either be applied prospectively to consolidated financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of ASU 2024-03 or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. While early adoption is permitted, the Company does not plan to adopt ASU 2024-03 early. ASU 2024-03 will likely result in additional disclosures being included in the Company’s financial statements once adopted. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of ASU 2024-03.