| Fair value measurements |
Note 17: Fair value measurements
The following table presents the financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Management classifies these items based on the type of inputs used in their respective fair value determination as described in "Note 2: Significant accounting policies".
Management reviews the price of each security monthly, comparing market values to expectations and to the prior month’s price. Management's expectations are based upon knowledge of prevailing market conditions and developments relating to specific issuers and/or asset classes held in the investment portfolio. Where there are unusual or significant price movements, or where a certain asset class has performed out-of-line with expectations, the matter is reviewed by management.
Financial instruments in Level 1 include US and UK Government Treasury notes.
Financial instruments in Level 2 include government debt securities, mortgage-backed securities, other asset-backed securities, forward foreign exchange contracts and securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
There were no Level 3 investments as at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
During the year ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 or Level 2 and Level 3. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, 2025 | | December 31, 2024 | | | Fair value | Total carrying amount / fair value | Fair value | Total carrying amount / fair value | | Level 1 | Level 2 | | Level 1 | Level 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | Items that are recognized at fair value on a recurring basis: | | | | | | | Financial assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Available-for-sale investments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | US government and federal agencies | 1,342,083 | | 1,340,388 | | | 2,682,471 | | 991,357 | | 1,172,262 | | | 2,163,619 | | | Non-US governments debt securities | — | | — | | | — | | 93,468 | | — | | | 93,468 | | | | | | | | | | | | Asset-backed securities - Student loans | — | | — | | | — | | — | | 40 | | | 40 | | | | | | | | | | | | Residential mortgage-backed securities | — | | 13,782 | | | 13,782 | | — | | 15,359 | | | 15,359 | | | | | | | | | | | | Total available-for-sale | 1,342,083 | | 1,354,170 | | | 2,696,253 | | 1,084,825 | | 1,187,661 | | | 2,272,486 | | | | | | | | | | | | Other assets - Derivatives | — | | 1,064 | | | 1,064 | | — | | 35,478 | | | 35,478 | | | | | | | | | | | | Financial liabilities | | | | | | | | | | Other liabilities - Derivatives | — | | 5,267 | | | 5,267 | | — | | 2,039 | | | 2,039 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Items Other Than Those Recognized at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis: | | | | | | | | December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | | Level | Carrying amount | Fair value | Appreciation / (depreciation) | Carrying amount | Fair value | Appreciation / (depreciation) | | Financial assets | | | | | | | | | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 1 | 1,708,936 | | 1,708,936 | | — | | 1,998,112 | | 1,998,112 | | — | | | Securities purchased under agreements to resell | Level 2 | 1,096,238 | | 1,096,238 | | — | | 1,205,373 | | 1,205,373 | | — | | | Short-term investments | Level 1 | 756,543 | | 756,543 | | — | | 580,026 | | 580,026 | | — | | | Investments held-to-maturity | Level 2 | 2,992,052 | | 2,566,470 | | (425,582) | | 3,240,290 | | 2,671,040 | | (569,250) | | | Loans, net of allowance for credit losses | Level 2 | 4,382,411 | | 4,367,439 | | (14,972) | | 4,473,591 | | 4,433,872 | | (39,719) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Financial liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Term deposits | Level 2 | 3,941,581 | | 3,944,728 | | (3,147) | | 4,478,257 | | 4,482,978 | | (4,721) | | | | | | | | | | | Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | Level 2 | — | | — | | — | | 92,562 | | 92,562 | | — | | | | | | | | | | | Long-term debt | Level 2 | — | | — | | — | | 98,725 | | 98,361 | | 364 | |
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