| Fee and commission income and expense The breakdown of the balance under these headings in the consolidated income statements is as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | FEE AND COMMISSION INCOME. BREAKDOWN BY ORIGIN (MILLIONS OF EUROS) | | | | | | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | Bills receivables | 19 | 21 | 24 | Demand accounts | 298 | 300 | 300 | Credit and debit cards and POS ⁽1⁾ | 7,308 | 7,106 | 4,665 | Checks | 134 | 166 | 175 | Transfers and other payment orders | 970 | 961 | 862 | Insurance product commissions | 524 | 461 | 384 | Loan commitments given | 371 | 322 | 307 | Other commitments and financial guarantees given | 548 | 530 | 471 | Asset management | 1,845 | 1,685 | 1,407 | Securities fees | 401 | 360 | 345 | Custody securities | 219 | 221 | 207 | Other fees and commissions | 1,105 | 902 | 751 | | Total | 13,743 | 13,036 | 9,899 |
(1) Points of Sale. The breakdown of fee and commission expense under this heading in the consolidated income statements is as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | FEE AND COMMISSION EXPENSE. BREAKDOWN BY ORIGIN (MILLIONS OF EUROS) | | | | | | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | Demand accounts | 9 | 7 | 6 | Credit and debit cards and POS ⁽1⁾ | 3,654 | 3,534 | 2,337 | Transfers and other payment orders | 192 | 153 | 156 | Commissions for selling insurance | 44 | 47 | 40 | Custody securities | 96 | 101 | 111 | Other fees and commissions | 1,533 | 1,206 | 961 | | Total | 5,528 | 5,048 | 3,611 |
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