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DERIVATIVES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
DERIVATIVES DERIVATIVES
Commodity Contracts

The Company historically has used fixed price swap contracts, fixed price basis swap contracts, deferred premium puts and costless collars with corresponding put and call options to reduce price volatility associated with certain of its royalty income. At December 31, 2025, the Company has puts, costless collars and fixed price basis swap contracts outstanding.

The Company’s derivative contracts are based upon reported settlement prices on commodity exchanges, with put contracts for oil based on WTI Cushing and fixed price basis swaps for oil based on the spread between the WTI Cushing crude oil price and the Argus WTI Midland crude oil price. The Company’s fixed price basis swaps for natural gas are for the spread between the Waha Hub natural gas price and the Henry Hub natural gas price. The weighted average differential represents the amount of reduction to the WTI Cushing oil price and the Waha Hub natural gas price for the notional volumes covered by the basis swap contracts. Under the Company’s costless collar contracts, each collar has an established floor price and ceiling price. When the settlement price is below the floor price, the counterparty is required to make a payment to the Company, and when the settlement price is above the ceiling price, the Company is required to make a payment to the counterparty. When the settlement price is between the floor and the ceiling, there is no payment required.

By using derivative instruments to economically hedge exposure to changes in commodity prices, the Company exposes itself to credit risk and market risk. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes the Company, which creates credit risk. The Company has entered into commodity derivative instruments only with counterparties that are also lenders under the 2025 Revolving Credit Facility and our counterparties have been deemed an acceptable credit risk. As such, collateral is not required from either the counterparties or the Company on its outstanding commodity derivative contracts. Market risks involved in the Company’s use of derivative instruments relate to its potential inability to realize the benefits of any increases in commodity prices above the prices established by its derivative contracts.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had the following outstanding derivative contracts. When aggregating multiple contracts, the weighted average contract price is disclosed.

SwapsCollarsPuts
Settlement MonthSettlement YearType of ContractBbls/MMBtu Per DayIndexWeighted Average DifferentialWeighted Average Floor PriceWeighted Average Ceiling PriceStrike PriceDeferred Premium
OIL
Jan. - Mar.2026Puts40,000WTI Cushing$—$—$—$51.75$(1.56)
Apr. - Jun.2026Puts20,000WTI Cushing$—$—$—$48.13$(1.35)
NATURAL GAS
Jan. - Dec.2026Basis Swaps80,000Waha Hub$(1.61)$—$—$—$—
Jan. - Dec.2027Basis Swaps40,000Waha Hub$(1.40)$—$—$—$—
Jan. - Dec.2026Costless Collar60,000Henry Hub$—$2.75$6.64$—$—

Treasury Locks

During the third quarter of 2025, the Company entered into certain treasury lock contracts to reduce the forecasted interest rate risk associated with the issuance of the Guaranteed Senior Notes. The treasury locks were terminated and settled upon issuance of the Guaranteed Senior Notes with a gain of $3 million recognized under the caption “Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net” on the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Contingent Liability

The change in fair value of the 2026 WTI Contingent Liability is recognized in “Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net” on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
Balance Sheet Offsetting of Derivative Assets and Liabilities

The fair value of derivative instruments is generally determined using established index prices and other sources which are based upon, among other things, futures prices and time to maturity. These fair values are recorded by netting asset and liability positions, including any deferred premiums, that are with the same counterparty and are subject to contractual terms which provide for net settlement. See Note 11—Fair Value Measurements for further details.

Gains and Losses on Derivative Instruments

The following table summarizes the gains and losses on derivative instruments included in the consolidated statements of operations and the net cash receipts (payments) on derivatives for the periods presented:

Year Ended December 31,
202520242023
(In millions)
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net:
Commodity contracts$31 $15 $(26)
2026 WTI Contingent Liability10 (4)— 
Treasury locks3 — — 
Total$44 $11 $(26)
Net cash receipts (payments) on derivatives:
Commodity contracts$27 $(3)$(13)
Treasury locks3 — — 
Total$30 $(3)$(13)