Market conditions — The prices of, and the income generated by, the securities held by the fund may decline due to various factors, including events or conditions affecting the general economy or particular industries or companies; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental, governmental agency or central bank responses to economic conditions; levels of public debt and deficits; changes in inflation rates; and currency exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are highly interconnected. Events (including public health emergencies, such as the spread of infectious disease), bank failures and other circumstances in one country or region could have impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries affected, the value and liquidity of the fund’s investments may be negatively affected by developments in other countries and regions.

Investing in debt instruments — The prices of, and the income generated by, bonds and other debt securities held by the fund may be affected by factors such as the interest rates, maturities and credit quality of these securities.

Rising interest rates will generally cause the prices of bonds and other debt securities to fall. Also, when interest rates rise, issuers of callable debt securities that may be prepaid at any time, such as mortgage- or other asset-backed securities, are less likely to refinance existing debt securities, causing the average life of such securities to extend. A general change in interest rates may cause investors to sell debt securities on a large scale, which could also adversely affect the price and liquidity of debt securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Falling interest rates may cause an issuer to redeem, call or refinance a debt security before its stated maturity, which may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities.

Bonds and other debt securities are also subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the credit strength of an issuer or guarantor will weaken or be perceived to be weaker, and/or an issuer of a debt security will fail to make timely payments of principal or interest and the security will go into default. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. A downgrade or default affecting any of the fund’s securities could cause the net asset value of the fund’s shares to decrease. Lower quality debt securities generally have higher rates of interest and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality debt securities.

Investing in securities backed by the U.S. government — U.S. government securities are subject to market risk, interest rate risk and credit risk. Securities backed by the U.S. Treasury or the full faith and credit of the U.S. government are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates and the credit rating of the U.S. government. Notwithstanding that these securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, circumstances could arise that would prevent or delay the payment of interest or principal on these securities, which could adversely affect their value and cause the fund to suffer losses. Such an event could lead to significant disruptions in U.S. and global markets.

Securities issued by U.S. government-sponsored entities and federal agencies and instrumentalities that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. government.

Investing outside the United States — Securities of issuers domiciled outside the United States or with significant operations or revenues outside the United States and securities tied economically to countries outside the United States may lose value because of adverse political, social, economic or market developments in the countries or regions in which the issuers are domiciled, operate or generate revenue or to which the securities are tied economically. These securities may also lose value due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar and/or currencies of other countries. Issuers of these securities may be more susceptible to actions of foreign governments, which could adversely impact the value of these securities. Securities markets in certain countries may be more volatile and/or less liquid than those in the United States. Investments outside the United States may also be subject to different accounting practices and different regulatory, legal, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping standards and practices, and may be more difficult to value, than those in the United States. In addition, the value of investments outside the United States may be reduced by foreign taxes. Further, there may be increased risks of delayed settlement of securities purchased or sold by the fund, which could impact the liquidity of the fund’s portfolio.

Investing in futures contracts — In addition to the risks generally associated with investing in derivative instruments, futures contracts are subject to the creditworthiness of the clearing organizations, exchanges and futures commission merchants with which the fund transacts. Additionally, although futures require only a small initial investment in the form of a deposit of initial margin, the amount of a potential loss on a futures contract could greatly exceed the initial amount invested. While futures contracts are generally liquid instruments, under certain market conditions futures may be deemed to be illiquid. For example, the fund may be temporarily prohibited from closing out its position in a futures contract if intraday price change limits or limits on trading volume imposed by the applicable futures exchange are triggered. If the fund is unable to close out a position on a futures contract, the fund would remain subject to the risk of adverse price movements until the fund is able to close out the futures position. The ability of the fund to successfully utilize futures contracts may depend in part upon the ability of the fund’s investment adviser to accurately forecast interest rates and other economic factors and to assess and predict the impact of such economic factors on the futures in which the fund invests. If the investment adviser incorrectly forecasts economic developments or incorrectly predicts the impact of such developments on the futures in which it invests, the fund could suffer losses.

Investing in derivatives — The use of derivatives involves a variety of risks, which may be different from, or greater than, the risks associated with investing in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with, and may be more sensitive to market events than, the underlying asset, rate or index, and a derivative instrument may cause the fund to lose significantly more than its initial investment. Derivatives may be difficult to value, difficult for the fund to buy or sell at an opportune time or price and difficult, or even impossible, to terminate or otherwise offset. The fund’s use of derivatives may result in losses to the fund, and investing in derivatives may reduce the fund’s returns and increase the fund’s price volatility. The fund’s counterparty to a derivative transaction (including, if applicable, the fund’s clearing broker, the derivatives exchange or the clearinghouse) may be unable or unwilling to honor its financial obligations in respect of the transaction. In certain cases, the fund may be hindered or delayed in exercising remedies against or closing out derivative instruments with a counterparty, which may result in additional losses. Derivatives are also subject to operational risk (such as documentation issues, settlement issues and systems failures) and legal risk (such as insufficient documentation, insufficient capacity or authority of a counterparty, and issues with the legality or enforceability of a contract).

Market trading — The fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold on the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of fund shares are expected to fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), the intraday value of the fund’s holdings, and supply and demand for the fund shares. The existence of significant market volatility, disruptions to creations and redemptions, or potential lack of an active trading market for fund shares and/or for the holdings of the fund (including through a trading halt), among other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium) or below (at a discount) to NAV and bid-ask spreads may widen. A bid-ask spread is the “spread” or difference between what investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares (the “ask” price). If you buy fund shares when their market price is at a premium or sell the fund shares when their market price is at a discount, you may pay more than, or receive less than, NAV, respectively.

Foreign securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the fund’s exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads on the fund’s exchange and the corresponding premium or discount to the fund’s NAV may widen.

Cash transactions — The fund currently expects to effect at least part of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind securities. When the fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, the fund may have to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times in order to obtain the cash needed to meet redemption orders. If the fund realizes gains on these sales, the fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax from distributions to which they would not otherwise be subject. The use of cash creations and redemptions may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV. As a result of such cash transactions, the fund could incur brokerage costs which, to the extent not offset by transaction fees that are payable by an Authorized Participant, may reduce the fund’s NAV.

Market conditions — The prices of, and the income generated by, the securities held by the fund may decline due to various factors, including events or conditions affecting the general economy or particular industries or companies; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental, governmental agency or central bank responses to economic conditions; levels of public debt and deficits; changes in inflation rates; and currency exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are highly interconnected. Events (including public health emergencies, such as the spread of infectious disease), bank failures and other circumstances in one country or region could have impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries affected, the value and liquidity of the fund’s investments may be negatively affected by developments in other countries and regions.

Investing in debt instruments — The prices of, and the income generated by, bonds and other debt securities held by the fund may be affected by factors such as the interest rates, maturities and credit quality of these securities.

Rising interest rates will generally cause the prices of bonds and other debt securities to fall. Also, when interest rates rise, issuers of callable debt securities that may be prepaid at any time, such as mortgage- or other asset-backed securities, are less likely to refinance existing debt securities, causing the average life of such securities to extend. A general change in interest rates may cause investors to sell debt securities on a large scale, which could also adversely affect the price and liquidity of debt securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Falling interest rates may cause an issuer to redeem, call or refinance a debt security before its stated maturity, which may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities.

Bonds and other debt securities are also subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the credit strength of an issuer or guarantor will weaken or be perceived to be weaker, and/or an issuer of a debt security will fail to make timely payments of principal or interest and the security will go into default. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. A downgrade or default affecting any of the fund’s securities could cause the net asset value of the fund’s shares to decrease. Lower quality debt securities generally have higher rates of interest and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality debt securities.

Investing in mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities — Mortgage-related securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, and other asset-backed securities, include debt obligations that represent interests in pools of mortgages or other income-bearing assets, such as consumer loans or receivables. While such securities are subject to the risks associated with investments in debt instruments generally (for example, credit, extension and interest rate risks), they are also subject to other and different risks. Mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are subject to changes in the payment patterns of borrowers of the underlying debt, potentially increasing the volatility of the securities and the fund’s net asset value. When interest rates fall, borrowers are more likely to refinance or prepay their debt before its stated maturity. This may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities, effectively reducing the fund’s income. Conversely, if interest rates rise and borrowers repay their debt more slowly than expected, the time in which the mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are paid off could be extended, reducing the fund’s cash available for reinvestment in higher yielding securities. Mortgage-backed securities are also subject to the risk that underlying borrowers will be unable to meet their obligations and the value of property that secures the mortgages may decline in value and be insufficient, upon foreclosure, to repay the associated loans. Investments in asset-backed securities are subject to similar risks.

Investing outside the United States — Securities of issuers domiciled outside the United States or with significant operations or revenues outside the United States and securities tied economically to countries outside the United States may lose value because of adverse political, social, economic or market developments in the countries or regions in which the issuers are domiciled, operate or generate revenue or to which the securities are tied economically. These securities may also lose value due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar and/or currencies of other countries. Issuers of these securities may be more susceptible to actions of foreign governments, which could adversely impact the value of these securities. Securities markets in certain countries may be more volatile and/or less liquid than those in the United States. Investments outside the United States may also be subject to different accounting practices and different regulatory, legal, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping standards and practices, and may be more difficult to value, than those in the United States. In addition, the value of investments outside the United States may be reduced by foreign taxes. Further, there may be increased risks of delayed settlement of securities purchased or sold by the fund, which could impact the liquidity of the fund’s portfolio.

Currency — The prices of, and the income generated by, many debt securities held by the fund may also be affected by changes in relative currency values. If the U.S. dollar appreciates against foreign currencies, the value in U.S. dollars of the fund’s securities denominated in such currencies would generally fall and vice versa.

Investing in inflation-linked bonds — The values of inflation-linked bonds generally fluctuate in response to changes in real interest rates — i.e., rates of interest after factoring in inflation. A rise in real interest rates may cause the prices of inflation-linked securities to fall, while a decline in real interest rates may cause the prices to increase. Inflation-linked bonds may experience greater losses than other debt securities with similar durations when real interest rates rise faster than nominal interest rates. There can be no assurance that the value of an inflation-linked security will be directly correlated to changes in interest rates; for example, if interest rates rise for reasons other than inflation, the increase may not be reflected in the security’s inflation measure.

Investing in inflation-linked bonds may also reduce the fund’s distributable income during periods of deflation. If prices for goods and services decline throughout the economy, the principal and income on inflation-linked securities may decline and result in losses to the fund.

Interest rate risk — The values and liquidity of the securities held by the fund may be affected by changing interest rates. For example, the values of these securities may decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities. The fund may invest in variable and floating rate securities. When the fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and the net asset value of the fund’s shares. Although the values of such securities are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than those of other debt securities, the value of variable and floating rate securities may decline if their interest rates do not rise as quickly, or as much, as market interest rates. Conversely, floating rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. During periods of extremely low short-term interest rates, the fund may not be able to maintain a positive yield or total return and, in relatively low interest rate environments, there are heightened risks associated with rising interest rates.

Market trading — The fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold on the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of fund shares are expected to fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), the intraday value of the fund’s holdings, and supply and demand for the fund shares. The existence of significant market volatility, disruptions to creations and redemptions, or potential lack of an active trading market for fund shares and/or for the holdings of the fund (including through a trading halt), among other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium) or below (at a discount) to NAV and bid-ask spreads may widen. A bid-ask spread is the “spread” or difference between what investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares (the “ask” price). If you buy fund shares when their market price is at a premium or sell the fund shares when their market price is at a discount, you may pay more than, or receive less than, NAV, respectively.

Foreign securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the fund’s exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads on the fund’s exchange and the corresponding premium or discount to the fund’s NAV may widen.

Cash transactions — The fund currently expects to effect at least part of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind securities. When the fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, the fund may have to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times in order to obtain the cash needed to meet redemption orders. If the fund realizes gains on these sales, the fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax from distributions to which they would not otherwise be subject. The use of cash creations and redemptions may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV. As a result of such cash transactions, the fund could incur brokerage costs which, to the extent not offset by transaction fees that are payable by an Authorized Participant, may reduce the fund’s NAV.

Market conditions — The prices of, and the income generated by, the securities held by the fund may decline due to various factors, including events or conditions affecting the general economy or particular industries or companies; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental, governmental agency or central bank responses to economic conditions; levels of public debt and deficits; changes in inflation rates; and currency exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are highly interconnected. Events (including public health emergencies, such as the spread of infectious disease), bank failures and other circumstances in one country or region could have impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries affected, the value and liquidity of the fund’s investments may be negatively affected by developments in other countries and regions.

Investing in debt instruments — The prices of, and the income generated by, bonds and other debt securities held by the fund may be affected by factors such as the interest rates, maturities and credit quality of these securities.

Rising interest rates will generally cause the prices of bonds and other debt securities to fall. Also, when interest rates rise, issuers of callable debt securities that may be prepaid at any time, such as mortgage- or other asset-backed securities, are less likely to refinance existing debt securities, causing the average life of such securities to extend. A general change in interest rates may cause investors to sell debt securities on a large scale, which could also adversely affect the price and liquidity of debt securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Falling interest rates may cause an issuer to redeem, call or refinance a debt security before its stated maturity, which may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities.

Bonds and other debt securities are also subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the credit strength of an issuer or guarantor will weaken or be perceived to be weaker, and/or an issuer of a debt security will fail to make timely payments of principal or interest and the security will go into default. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. A downgrade or default affecting any of the fund’s securities could cause the net asset value of the fund’s shares to decrease. Lower quality debt securities generally have higher rates of interest and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality debt securities.

Liquidity risk — Certain fund holdings may be or may become difficult or impossible to sell, particularly during times of market turmoil. Liquidity may be impacted by the lack of an active market for a holding, legal or contractual restrictions on resale, or the reduced number and capacity of market participants to make a market in such holding. Market prices for less liquid or illiquid holdings may be volatile or difficult to determine, and reduced liquidity may have an adverse impact on the market price of such holdings. Additionally, the sale of less liquid or illiquid holdings may involve substantial delays (including delays in settlement) and additional costs and the fund may be unable to sell such holdings when necessary to meet its liquidity needs or to try to limit losses, or may be forced to sell at a loss. Depending on market conditions, reduced liquidity of fund holdings may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV.

Investing in derivatives — The use of derivatives involves a variety of risks, which may be different from, or greater than, the risks associated with investing in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with, and may be more sensitive to market events than, the underlying asset, rate or index, and a derivative instrument may cause the fund to lose significantly more than its initial investment. Derivatives may be difficult to value, difficult for the fund to buy or sell at an opportune time or price and difficult, or even impossible, to terminate or otherwise offset. The fund’s use of derivatives may result in losses to the fund, and investing in derivatives may reduce the fund’s returns and increase the fund’s price volatility. The fund’s counterparty to a derivative transaction (including, if applicable, the fund’s clearing broker, the derivatives exchange or the clearinghouse) may be unable or unwilling to honor its financial obligations in respect of the transaction. In certain cases, the fund may be hindered or delayed in exercising remedies against or closing out derivative instruments with a counterparty, which may result in additional losses. Derivatives are also subject to operational risk (such as documentation issues, settlement issues and systems failures) and legal risk (such as insufficient documentation, insufficient capacity or authority of a counterparty, and issues with the legality or enforceability of a contract).

Market trading — The fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold on the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of fund shares are expected to fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), the intraday value of the fund’s holdings, and supply and demand for the fund shares. The existence of significant market volatility, disruptions to creations and redemptions, or potential lack of an active trading market for fund shares and/or for the holdings of the fund (including through a trading halt), among other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium) or below (at a discount) to NAV and bid-ask spreads may widen. A bid-ask spread is the “spread” or difference between what investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares (the “ask” price). If you buy fund shares when their market price is at a premium or sell the fund shares when their market price is at a discount, you may pay more than, or receive less than, NAV, respectively. Foreign securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the fund’s exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads on the fund’s exchange and the corresponding premium or discount to the fund’s NAV may widen.

Cash transactions — The fund currently expects to effect at least part of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind securities. When the fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, the fund may have to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times in order to obtain the cash needed to meet redemption orders. If the fund realizes gains on these sales, the fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax from distributions to which they would not otherwise be subject. The use of cash creations and redemptions may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV. As a result of such cash transactions, the fund could incur brokerage costs which, to the extent not offset by transaction fees that are payable by an Authorized Participant, may reduce the fund’s NAV.

Nondiversification — As a nondiversified fund, the fund may invest a greater percentage of its assets in fewer issuers than a diversified fund. A fund that invests in a relatively smaller number of issuers is more susceptible to risks associated with a single economic, political, geographic or regulatory occurrence than a diversified fund might be. In addition, poor performance by a single issuer could adversely affect fund performance more than if the fund were invested in a larger number of issuers. The value of the fund’s shares can be expected to fluctuate more than might be the case if the fund were more broadly diversified.

Issuer risks — The prices of, and the income generated by, securities held by the fund may decline in response to various factors directly related to the issuers of such securities, including reduced demand for an issuer’s goods or services, poor management performance, major litigation, investigations or other controversies related to the issuer, changes in the issuer’s financial condition or credit rating, changes in government regulations affecting the issuer or its competitive environment and strategic initiatives and the market response to any such initiatives. An individual security may also be affected by factors relating to the industry or sector of the issuer or the securities markets as a whole, and conversely an industry or sector or the securities markets may be affected by a change in financial condition or other event affecting a single issuer.

Investing in lower rated debt instruments — Lower rated debt securities or instruments, rated Ba1/BB+ or below by Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (also known as “junk bonds”), generally have higher rates of interest and involve greater risk of default or price declines due to changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness than those of higher quality debt securities. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate more than the prices of higher quality debt securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic difficulty. These risks may be increased with respect to investments in junk bonds. Investments in junk bonds can be considered speculative.

Investing in debt securities of sovereign, quasi-sovereign and supranational entities — While debt securities of sovereign, quasi-sovereign and supranational entities are subject to the risks associated with investments in debt instruments or foreign securities generally, they are also subject to other and different risks. A governmental or quasi-governmental entity may be unwilling or unable to pay interest and repay principal on its sovereign or quasi-sovereign debt, or otherwise meet its obligations when due, including for reasons such as the government’s policy towards principal international lenders such as the International Monetary Fund or the political considerations to which the government may be subject. If such issuers default (or threaten to default), the indebtedness may be restructured and/or a moratorium on the payments of such indebtedness may be declared, in each case, without the approval of some or all debt holders. In the event of a default on sovereign or quasi-sovereign debt, the fund may also have limited legal recourse against the defaulting government entity.

A “supranational entity” is an entity established or financially supported by the governments of several countries to promote reconstruction, economic development or trade (for example, the World Bank). Generally, the governmental members of these entities make initial capital contributions to and may also commit to making additional contributions if the supranational entity is unable to repay its borrowings. There is no guarantee that one or more governmental members of a supranational entity will continue to make any necessary additional capital contributions, and if such contributions are not made, the entity may be unable to pay interest or repay principal on its debt securities.

Investing outside the United States — Securities of issuers domiciled outside the United States or with significant operations or revenues outside the United States and securities tied economically to countries outside the United States may lose value because of adverse political, social, economic or market developments in the countries or regions in which the issuers are domiciled, operate or generate revenue or to which the securities are tied economically. These securities may also lose value due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar and/or currencies of other countries. Issuers of these securities may be more susceptible to actions of foreign governments, which could adversely impact the value of these securities. Securities markets in certain countries may be more volatile and/or less liquid than those in the United States. Investments outside the United States may also be subject to different accounting practices and different regulatory, legal, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping standards and practices, and may be more difficult to value, than those in the United States. In addition, the value of investments outside the United States may be reduced by foreign taxes. Further, there may be increased risks of delayed settlement of securities purchased or sold by the fund, which could impact the liquidity of the fund’s portfolio.

Currency hedging risk — The fund’s use of forward currency contracts to hedge all or substantially all of the fund’s foreign currency exposure could result in losses to the fund if currencies do not perform as expected. In addition, the reduction of the fund’s exposure to currency risks limits the fund’s ability to benefit from favorable changes in currency exchange rates. Currency markets generally are not as regulated as securities markets, and currency rates may experience volatility, which can reduce the fund’s returns.

The fund’s use of forward currency contracts to hedge all or substantially all of the fund’s foreign currency exposure is intended to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on fund returns; however, this strategy will not eliminate the fund’s exposure to currency risk. The use of forward currency contracts will not entirely offset the fluctuations between the fund’s exposure to non-U.S. currencies and the U.S. dollar. Additionally, there are transaction costs the fund will incur to hedge its foreign currency exposure. The fund’s exposure to foreign currencies may not be hedged at all times, including at times when the fund is implementing a currency hedging transaction. Volatility of the U.S. dollar relative to the currencies being hedged will generally reduce the effectiveness of the fund’s currency hedging transactions. Differences between U.S. dollar interest rates and foreign currency interest rates may also impact the effectiveness of the fund’s currency hedging transactions.

Currency transactions — In addition to the risks generally associated with investing in derivative instruments, the use of forward currency contracts involves the risk that currency movements will not be accurately predicted by the investment adviser, which could result in losses to the fund. While entering into forward currency contracts could minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, it could also limit any potential gain that may result from an increase in the value of the currency. Additionally, the adviser may use forward currency contracts to increase exposure to a certain currency or to shift exposure to currency fluctuations from one country to another. Forward currency contracts may expose the fund to potential gains and losses in excess of the initial amount invested.

Market trading — The fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold on the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of fund shares are expected to fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), the intraday value of the fund’s holdings, and supply and demand for the fund shares. The existence of significant market volatility, disruptions to creations and redemptions, or potential lack of an active trading market for fund shares and/or for the holdings of the fund (including through a trading halt), among other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium) or below (at a discount) to NAV and bid-ask spreads may widen. A bid-ask spread is the “spread” or difference between what investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares (the “ask” price). If you buy fund shares when their market price is at a premium or sell the fund shares when their market price is at a discount, you may pay more than, or receive less than, NAV, respectively.Foreign securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the fund’s exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads on the fund’s exchange and the corresponding premium or discount to the fund’s NAV may widen.

Cash transactions — The fund currently expects to effect at least part of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind securities. When the fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, the fund may have to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times in order to obtain the cash needed to meet redemption orders. If the fund realizes gains on these sales, the fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax from distributions to which they would not otherwise be subject. The use of cash creations and redemptions may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV. As a result of such cash transactions, the fund could incur brokerage costs which, to the extent not offset by transaction fees that are payable by an Authorized Participant, may reduce the fund’s NAV.

Market conditions — The prices of, and the income generated by, the securities held by the fund may decline due to various factors, including events or conditions affecting the general economy or particular industries or companies; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental, governmental agency or central bank responses to economic conditions; levels of public debt and deficits; changes in inflation rates; and currency exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are highly interconnected. Events (including public health emergencies, such as the spread of infectious disease), bank failures and other circumstances in one country or region could have impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries affected, the value and liquidity of the fund’s investments may be negatively affected by developments in other countries and regions.

Investing in municipal securities — Municipal securities are debt obligations that are exempt from federal, state and/or local income taxes. The yield and/or value of the fund’s investments in municipal securities may be adversely affected by events tied to the municipal securities markets, which can be very volatile and significantly impacted by unfavorable legislative or political developments and negative changes in the financial conditions of municipal securities issuers and the economy. To the extent the fund invests in obligations of a municipal issuer, the volatility, credit quality and performance of the fund may be adversely impacted by local political and economic conditions of the issuer. For example, a credit rating downgrade, bond default or bankruptcy involving an issuer within a particular state or territory could affect the market values and marketability of many or all municipal obligations of that state or territory. Income from municipal securities held by the fund could also be declared taxable because of changes in tax laws or interpretations by taxing authorities or as a result of noncompliant conduct of a municipal issuer. Additionally, the relative amount of publicly available information about municipal securities is generally less than that for corporate securities.

Investing in debt instruments — The prices of, and the income generated by, bonds and other debt securities held by the fund may be affected by factors such as the interest rates, maturities and credit quality of these securities.

Rising interest rates will generally cause the prices of bonds and other debt securities to fall. Also, when interest rates rise, issuers of callable debt securities that may be prepaid at any time, such as mortgage- or other asset-backed securities, are less likely to refinance existing debt securities, causing the average life of such securities to extend. A general change in interest rates may cause investors to sell debt securities on a large scale, which could also adversely affect the price and liquidity of debt securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Falling interest rates may cause an issuer to redeem, call or refinance a debt security before its stated maturity, which may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities.

Bonds and other debt securities are also subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the credit strength of an issuer or guarantor will weaken or be perceived to be weaker, and/or an issuer of a debt security will fail to make timely payments of principal or interest and the security will go into default. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. A downgrade or default affecting any of the fund’s securities could cause the net asset value of the fund’s shares to decrease. Lower quality debt securities generally have higher rates of interest and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality debt securities.

Investing in similar municipal bonds — Investing significantly in municipal obligations of multiple issuers in the same state or backed by revenues of similar types of projects or industries may make the fund more susceptible to certain economic, political or regulatory occurrences. As a result, the fund has greater risk of volatility, and greater risk of loss, from these investments.

Credit and liquidity support — Changes in the credit quality of banks and financial institutions providing credit and liquidity support features with respect to securities held by the fund could cause the values of these securities to decline.

Market trading — The fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold on the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of fund shares are expected to fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), the intraday value of the fund’s holdings, and supply and demand for the fund shares. The existence of significant market volatility, disruptions to creations and redemptions, or potential lack of an active trading market for fund shares and/or for the holdings of the fund (including through a trading halt), among other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium) or below (at a discount) to NAV and bid-ask spreads may widen. A bid-ask spread is the “spread” or difference between what investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares (the “ask” price). If you buy fund shares when their market price is at a premium or sell the fund shares when their market price is at a discount, you may pay more than, or receive less than, NAV, respectively.

Cash transactions — The fund currently expects to effect at least part of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind securities. When the fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, the fund may have to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times in order to obtain the cash needed to meet redemption orders. If the fund realizes gains on these sales, the fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax from distributions to which they would not otherwise be subject. The use of cash creations and redemptions may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV. As a result of such cash transactions, the fund could incur brokerage costs which, to the extent not offset by transaction fees that are payable by an Authorized Participant, may reduce the fund’s NAV.

Market conditions — The prices of, and the income generated by, the securities held by the fund may decline due to various factors, including events or conditions affecting the general economy or particular industries or companies; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental, governmental agency or central bank responses to economic conditions; levels of public debt and deficits; changes in inflation rates; and currency exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are highly interconnected. Events (including public health emergencies, such as the spread of infectious disease), bank failures and other circumstances in one country or region could have impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries affected, the value and liquidity of the fund’s investments may be negatively affected by developments in other countries and regions.

Investing in municipal securities — Municipal securities are debt obligations that are exempt from federal, state and/or local income taxes. The yield and/or value of the fund’s investments in municipal securities may be adversely affected by events tied to the municipal securities markets, which can be very volatile and significantly impacted by unfavorable legislative or political developments and negative changes in the financial conditions of municipal securities issuers and the economy. To the extent the fund invests in obligations of a municipal issuer, the volatility, credit quality and performance of the fund may be adversely impacted by local political and economic conditions of the issuer. For example, a credit rating downgrade, bond default or bankruptcy involving an issuer within a particular state or territory could affect the market values and marketability of many or all municipal obligations of that state or territory. Income from municipal securities held by the fund could also be declared taxable because of changes in tax laws or interpretations by taxing authorities or as a result of noncompliant conduct of a municipal issuer. Additionally, the relative amount of publicly available information about municipal securities is generally less than that for corporate securities.

Investing in debt instruments — The prices of, and the income generated by, bonds and other debt securities held by the fund may be affected by factors such as the interest rates, maturities and credit quality of these securities.

Rising interest rates will generally cause the prices of bonds and other debt securities to fall. Also, when interest rates rise, issuers of callable debt securities that may be prepaid at any time, such as mortgage- or other asset-backed securities, are less likely to refinance existing debt securities, causing the average life of such securities to extend. A general change in interest rates may cause investors to sell debt securities on a large scale, which could also adversely affect the price and liquidity of debt securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Falling interest rates may cause an issuer to redeem, call or refinance a debt security before its stated maturity, which may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities.

Bonds and other debt securities are also subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the credit strength of an issuer or guarantor will weaken or be perceived to be weaker, and/or an issuer of a debt security will fail to make timely payments of principal or interest and the security will go into default. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. A downgrade or default affecting any of the fund’s securities could cause the net asset value of the fund’s shares to decrease. Lower quality debt securities generally have higher rates of interest and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality debt securities.

Investing in similar municipal bonds — Investing significantly in municipal obligations of multiple issuers in the same state or backed by revenues of similar types of projects or industries may make the fund more susceptible to certain economic, political or regulatory occurrences. As a result, the fund has greater risk of volatility, and greater risk of loss, from these investments.

Credit and liquidity support — Changes in the credit quality of banks and financial institutions providing credit and liquidity support features with respect to securities held by the fund could cause the values of these securities to decline.

Portfolio turnover — The fund may engage in frequent and active trading of its portfolio securities. Higher portfolio turnover may involve correspondingly greater transaction costs in the form of dealer spreads, brokerage commissions and other transaction costs on the sale of securities and on reinvestment in other securities. The sale of portfolio securities may also result in the realization of net capital gains, which are taxable when distributed to shareholders, unless the shareholder is exempt from taxation or his or her account is tax-favored. These costs and tax effects may adversely affect the fund’s returns to shareholders. The fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year, as well as within a year.

Authorized Participant concentration — Only Authorized Participants (as defined in the “Shareholder information” section below) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund, and none of them is obligated to do so. The fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants. In addition, to the extent that securities held by the fund are traded outside a collateralized settlement system, Authorized Participants may be required to post collateral on certain trades on an agency basis (on behalf of other market participants), which only a limited number of Authorized Participants may be able to do. If Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to or elect not to engage in creation or redemption transactions, and no other Authorized Participant engages in such function, fund shares may trade at a premium or discount to the fund’s net asset value and/or at wider intraday bid-ask spreads and possibly face trading halts or delisting.

Management — The investment adviser to the fund actively manages the fund’s investments. Consequently, the fund is subject to the risk that the methods and analyses, including models, tools and data, employed by the investment adviser in this process may be flawed or incorrect and may not produce the desired results. This could cause the fund to lose value or its investment results to lag relevant benchmarks or other funds with similar objectives.

Issuer risks — The prices of, and the income generated by, securities held by the fund may decline in response to various factors directly related to the issuers of such securities, including reduced demand for an issuer’s goods or services, poor management performance, major litigation, investigations or other controversies related to the issuer, changes in the issuer’s financial condition or credit rating, changes in government regulations affecting the issuer or its competitive environment and strategic initiatives and the market response to any such initiatives. An individual security may also be affected by factors relating to the industry or sector of the issuer or the securities markets as a whole, and conversely an industry or sector or the securities markets may be affected by a change in financial condition or other event affecting a single issuer.

Investing in mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities — Mortgage-related securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, and other asset-backed securities, include debt obligations that represent interests in pools of mortgages or other income-bearing assets, such as consumer loans or receivables. While such securities are subject to the risks associated with investments in debt instruments generally (for example, credit, extension and interest rate risks), they are also subject to other and different risks. Mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are subject to changes in the payment patterns of borrowers of the underlying debt, potentially increasing the volatility of the securities and the fund’s net asset value. When interest rates fall, borrowers are more likely to refinance or prepay their debt before its stated maturity. This may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities, effectively reducing the fund’s income. Conversely, if interest rates rise and borrowers repay their debt more slowly than expected, the time in which the mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are paid off could be extended, reducing the fund’s cash available for reinvestment in higher yielding securities. Mortgage-backed securities are also subject to the risk that underlying borrowers will be unable to meet their obligations and the value of property that secures the mortgages may decline in value and be insufficient, upon foreclosure, to repay the associated loans. Investments in asset-backed securities are subject to similar risks.

Liquidity risk — Certain fund holdings may be or may become difficult or impossible to sell, particularly during times of market turmoil. Liquidity may be impacted by the lack of an active market for a holding, legal or contractual restrictions on resale, or the reduced number and capacity of market participants to make a market in such holding. Market prices for less liquid or illiquid holdings may be volatile or difficult to determine, and reduced liquidity may have an adverse impact on the market price of such holdings. Additionally, the sale of less liquid or illiquid holdings may involve substantial delays (including delays in settlement) and additional costs and the fund may be unable to sell such holdings when necessary to meet its liquidity needs or to try to limit losses, or may be forced to sell at a loss. Depending on

market conditions, reduced liquidity of fund holdings may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV.

Investing in inflation-linked bonds — The values of inflation-linked bonds generally fluctuate in response to changes in real interest rates — i.e., rates of interest after factoring in inflation. A rise in real interest rates may cause the prices of inflation-linked securities to fall, while a decline in real interest rates may cause the prices to increase. Inflation-linked bonds may experience greater losses than other debt securities with similar durations when real interest rates rise faster than nominal interest rates. There can be no assurance that the value of an inflation-linked security will be directly correlated to changes in interest rates; for example, if interest rates rise for reasons other than inflation, the increase may not be reflected in the security’s inflation measure.

Investing in inflation-linked bonds may also reduce the fund’s distributable income during periods of deflation. If prices for goods and services decline throughout the economy, the principal and income on inflation-linked securities may decline and result in losses to the fund.

Interest rate risk — The values and liquidity of the securities held by the fund may be affected by changing interest rates. For example, the values of these securities may decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities. The fund may invest in variable and floating rate securities. When the fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and the net asset value of the fund’s shares. Although the values of such securities are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than those of other debt securities, the value of variable and floating rate securities may decline if their interest rates do not rise as quickly, or as much, as market interest rates. Conversely, floating rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. During periods of extremely low short-term interest rates, the fund may not be able to maintain a positive yield or total return and, in relatively low interest rate environments, there are heightened risks associated with rising interest rates.

Market trading — The fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold on the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of fund shares are expected to fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), the intraday value of the fund’s holdings, and supply and demand for the fund shares. The existence of significant market volatility, disruptions to creations and redemptions, or potential lack of an active trading market for fund shares and/or for the holdings of the fund (including through a trading halt), among other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium) or below (at a discount) to NAV and bid-ask spreads may widen. A bid-ask spread is the “spread” or difference between what investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares (the “ask” price). If you buy fund shares when their market price is at a premium or sell the fund shares when their market price is at a discount, you may pay more than, or receive less than, NAV, respectively.

Foreign securities held by the fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the fund’s shares are listed. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the fund’s

exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid-ask spreads on the fund’s exchange and the corresponding premium or discount to the fund’s NAV may widen.

Cash transactions — The fund currently expects to effect at least part of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind securities. When the fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, the fund may have to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times in order to obtain the cash needed to meet redemption orders. If the fund realizes gains on these sales, the fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax from distributions to which they would not otherwise be subject. The use of cash creations and redemptions may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV. As a result of such cash transactions, the fund could incur brokerage costs which, to the extent not offset by transaction fees that are payable by an Authorized Participant, may reduce the fund’s NAV.

Nondiversification — As a nondiversified fund, the fund may invest a greater percentage of its assets in fewer issuers than a diversified fund. A fund that invests in a relatively smaller number of issuers is more susceptible to risks associated with a single economic, political, geographic or regulatory occurrence than a diversified fund might be. In addition, poor performance by a single issuer could adversely affect fund performance more than if the fund were invested in a larger number of issuers. The value of the fund’s shares can be expected to fluctuate more than might be the case if the fund were more broadly diversified.

Issuer risks — The prices of, and the income generated by, securities held by the fund may decline in response to various factors directly related to the issuers of such securities, including reduced demand for an issuer’s goods or services, poor management performance, major litigation, investigations or other controversies related to the issuer, changes in the issuer’s financial condition or credit rating, changes in government regulations affecting the issuer or its competitive environment and strategic initiatives and the market response to any such initiatives. An individual security may also be affected by factors relating to the industry or sector of the issuer or the securities markets as a whole, and conversely an industry or sector or the securities markets may be affected by a change in financial condition or other event affecting a single issuer.

Alternative minimum tax — The fund may invest in securities, including in "private activity bonds," that may subject you to federal alternative minimum tax. Therefore, while the fund’s distributions from tax-exempt securities are not subject to regular federal income tax, a portion or all of the distributions may be included in determining a shareholder’s federal alternative minimum tax.

Investing in lower rated debt instruments — Lower rated debt securities or instruments, rated Ba1/BB+ or below by Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (also known as “junk bonds”), generally have higher rates of interest and involve greater risk of default or price declines due to changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness than those of higher quality debt securities. The market prices of these

securities may fluctuate more than the prices of higher quality debt securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic difficulty.

Insured municipal bonds – The fund may invest in municipal bonds that are insured generally as to the timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. Insurance that covers a municipal bond does not guarantee the market value of the bond or the prices of the fund’s shares. Market conditions or changes to ratings criteria could adversely impact the ratings of municipal bond insurers. If the credit rating of the insurer were downgraded or withdrawn by rating agencies, this could have an adverse effect upon the credit rating of the insured bond and, therefore, its market value, despite the quality of the underlying issuer.

Credit and liquidity support — Changes in the credit quality of banks and financial institutions providing credit and liquidity support features with respect to securities held by the fund could cause the values of these securities to decline.

Portfolio turnover — The fund may engage in frequent and active trading of its portfolio securities. Higher portfolio turnover may involve correspondingly greater transaction costs in the form of dealer spreads, brokerage commissions and other transaction costs on the sale of securities and on reinvestment in other securities. The sale of portfolio securities may also result in the realization of net capital gains, which are taxable when distributed to shareholders, unless the shareholder is exempt from taxation or his or her account is tax-favored. These costs and tax effects may adversely affect the fund’s returns to shareholders. The fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year, as well as within a year.

Authorized Participant concentration — Only Authorized Participants (as defined in the “Shareholder information” section below) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund, and none of them is obligated to do so. The fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants. In addition, to the extent that securities held by the fund are traded outside a collateralized settlement system, Authorized Participants may be required to post collateral on certain trades on an agency basis (on behalf of other market participants), which only a limited number of Authorized Participants may be able to do. If Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to or elect not to engage in creation or redemption transactions, and no other Authorized Participant engages in such function, fund shares may trade at a premium or discount to the fund’s net asset value and/or at wider intraday bid-ask spreads and possibly face trading halts or delisting.

Management — The investment adviser to the fund actively manages the fund’s investments. Consequently, the fund is subject to the risk that the methods and analyses, including models, tools and data, employed by the investment adviser in this process may be flawed or incorrect and may not produce the desired results. This could cause the fund to lose value or its investment results to lag relevant benchmarks or other funds with similar objectives.

Market conditions — The prices of, and the income generated by, the securities held by the fund may decline due to various factors, including events or conditions affecting the general economy or particular industries or companies; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental, governmental agency or central bank responses to economic conditions; levels of public debt and deficits; changes in inflation rates; and currency exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are highly interconnected. Events (including public health emergencies, such as the spread of infectious disease), bank failures and other circumstances in one country or region could have impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries affected, the value and liquidity of the fund’s investments may be negatively affected by developments in other countries and regions.

Investing in debt instruments — The prices of, and the income generated by, bonds and other debt securities held by the fund may be affected by factors such as the interest rates, maturities and credit quality of these securities.

Rising interest rates will generally cause the prices of bonds and other debt securities to fall. Also, when interest rates rise, issuers of callable debt securities that may be prepaid at any time, such as mortgage- or other asset-backed securities, are less likely to refinance existing debt securities, causing the average life of such securities to extend. A general change in interest rates may cause investors to sell debt securities on a large scale, which could also adversely affect the price and liquidity of debt securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Falling interest rates may cause an issuer to redeem, call or refinance a debt security before its stated maturity, which may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities.

Bonds and other debt securities are also subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the credit strength of an issuer or guarantor will weaken or be perceived to be weaker, and/or an issuer of a debt security will fail to make timely payments of principal or interest and the security will go into default. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. A downgrade or default affecting any of the fund’s securities could cause the net asset value of the fund’s shares to decrease. Lower quality debt securities generally have higher rates of interest and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality debt securities.

Investing in financials — Under normal circumstances, a significant portion of the fund’s portfolio will be comprised of securities issued by companies in the financials group of industries. As a result, the fund may be more susceptible to any economic, business, political or other developments which generally affect this group of industries. The profitability of many types of financial companies may be adversely affected in certain market cycles, including during periods of rising interest rates, which may restrict the availability and increase the cost of capital, and declining economic conditions, which may cause credit losses due to financial difficulties of borrowers. Because many types of financial companies are vulnerable to these economic cycles, the fund’s investments may lose value during such periods.

Investing in asset-backed securities — Asset-backed securities include debt obligations that represent interests in pools of income-bearing assets, such as consumer loans or receivables. While such securities are subject to the risks associated with investments in debt instruments generally (for example, credit, extension and interest rate risks), they are also subject to other and different risks. Asset-backed securities are subject to changes in the payment patterns of borrowers of the underlying debt, potentially increasing the volatility of the securities and the fund’s net asset value. When interest rates fall, borrowers are more likely to refinance or prepay their debt before its stated maturity. This may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities, effectively reducing the fund’s

income. Conversely, if interest rates rise and borrowers repay their debt more slowly than expected, the time in which the asset-backed securities are paid off could be extended, reducing the fund’s cash available for reinvestment in higher yielding securities. Asset-backed securities are also subject to the risk that underlying borrowers will be unable to meet their obligations and the value of property that secures the asset may decline in value and be insufficient, upon foreclosure, to repay the associated loans.

Investing outside the United States — Securities of issuers domiciled outside the United States or with significant operations or revenues outside the United States and securities tied economically to countries outside the United States may lose value because of adverse political, social, economic or market developments in the countries or regions in which the issuers are domiciled, operate or generate revenue or to which the securities are tied economically. These securities may also lose value due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar and/or currencies of other countries. Issuers of these securities may be more susceptible to actions of foreign governments, which could adversely impact the value of these securities. Securities markets in certain countries may be more volatile and/or less liquid than those in the United States. Investments outside the United States may also be subject to different accounting practices and different regulatory, legal, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping standards and practices, and may be more difficult to value, than those in the United States. In addition, the value of investments outside the United States may be reduced by foreign taxes. Further, there may be increased risks of delayed settlement of securities purchased or sold by the fund, which could impact the liquidity of the fund’s portfolio.

Interest rate risk — The values and liquidity of the securities held by the fund may be affected by changing interest rates. For example, the values of these securities may decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities. The fund may invest in variable and floating rate securities. When the fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and the net asset value of the fund’s shares. Although the values of such securities are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than those of other debt securities, the value of variable and floating rate securities may decline if their interest rates do not rise as quickly, or as much, as market interest rates. Conversely, floating rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. During periods of extremely low short-term interest rates, the fund may not be able to maintain a positive yield or total return and, in relatively low interest rate environments, there are heightened risks associated with rising interest rates.

Market trading — The fund shares are listed for trading on an exchange and are bought and sold on the secondary market at market prices. The market prices of fund shares are expected to fluctuate, in some cases materially, in response to changes in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), the intraday value of the fund’s holdings, and supply and demand for the fund shares. The existence of significant market volatility, disruptions to creations and redemptions, or potential lack of an active trading market for fund shares and/or for the holdings of the fund (including through a trading halt), among other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium) or below (at a discount) to NAV and bid-ask spreads may widen. A bid-ask spread is the “spread” or difference between what investors are willing to pay for fund shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which they are willing to sell fund shares (the “ask” price). If you buy fund shares when their market price is at a premium or sell the fund shares when their market price is at a discount, you may pay more than, or receive less than, NAV, respectively.

Cash transactions — The fund currently expects to effect at least part of its creations and redemptions for cash rather than in-kind securities. When the fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, the fund may have to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times in order to obtain the cash needed to meet redemption orders. If the fund realizes gains on these sales, the fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax from distributions to which they would not otherwise be subject. The use of cash creations and redemptions may also cause the fund’s shares to trade in the market at wider bid-ask spreads or greater premiums or discounts to the fund’s NAV. As a result of such cash transactions, the fund could incur brokerage costs which, to the extent not offset by transaction fees that are payable by an Authorized Participant, may reduce the fund’s NAV.

Market conditions — The prices of, and the income generated by, the securities held by the fund may decline due to various factors, including events or conditions affecting the general economy or particular industries or companies; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; governmental, governmental agency or central bank responses to economic conditions; levels of public debt and deficits; changes in inflation rates; and currency exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are highly interconnected. Events (including public health emergencies, such as the spread of infectious disease), bank failures and other circumstances in one country or region could have impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries affected, the value and liquidity of the fund’s investments may be negatively affected by developments in other countries and regions.

Investing in debt instruments — The prices of, and the income generated by, bonds and other debt securities held by the fund may be affected by factors such as the interest rates, maturities and credit quality of these securities.

Rising interest rates will generally cause the prices of bonds and other debt securities to fall. Also, when interest rates rise, issuers of callable debt securities that may be prepaid at any time, such as mortgage- or other asset-backed securities, are less likely to refinance existing debt securities, causing the average life of such securities to extend. A general change in interest rates may cause investors to sell debt securities on a large scale, which could also adversely affect the price and liquidity of debt securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. Falling interest rates may cause an issuer to redeem, call or refinance a debt security before its stated maturity, which may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities.

Bonds and other debt securities are also subject to credit risk, which is the possibility that the credit strength of an issuer or guarantor will weaken or be perceived to be weaker, and/or an issuer of a debt security will fail to make timely payments of principal or interest and the security will go into default. Changes in actual or perceived creditworthiness may occur quickly. A downgrade or default affecting any of the fund’s securities could cause the net asset value of the fund’s shares to decrease. Lower quality debt securities generally have higher rates of interest and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality debt securities.

Investing in mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities — Mortgage-related securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, and other asset-backed securities, include debt obligations that represent interests in pools of mortgages or other income-bearing assets, such as consumer loans or receivables. While such securities are subject to the risks associated with investments in debt instruments generally (for example, credit, extension and interest rate risks), they are also subject to other and different risks. Mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are subject to changes in the payment patterns of borrowers of the underlying debt, potentially increasing the volatility of the securities and the fund’s net asset value. When interest rates fall, borrowers are more likely to refinance or prepay their debt before its stated maturity. This may result in the fund having to reinvest the proceeds in lower yielding securities, effectively reducing the fund’s income. Conversely, if interest rates rise and borrowers repay their debt more slowly than expected, the time in which the mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities are paid off could be extended, reducing the fund’s cash available for reinvestment in higher yielding securities. Mortgage-backed securities are also subject to the risk that underlying borrowers will be unable to meet their obligations and the value of property that secures the mortgages may decline in value and be insufficient, upon foreclosure, to repay the associated loans. Investments in asset-backed securities are subject to similar risks.

Investing outside the United States — Securities of issuers domiciled outside the United States or with significant operations or revenues outside the United States and securities tied economically to countries outside the United States may lose value because of adverse political, social, economic or market developments in the countries or regions in which the issuers are domiciled, operate or generate revenue or to which the securities are tied economically. These securities may also lose value due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar and/or currencies of other countries. Issuers of these securities may be more susceptible to actions of foreign governments, which could adversely impact the value of these securities. Securities markets in certain countries may be more volatile and/or less liquid than those in the United States. Investments outside the United States may also be subject to different accounting practices and different regulatory, legal, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping standards and practices, and may be more difficult to value, than those in the United States. In addition, the value of investments outside the United States may be reduced by foreign taxes. Further, there may be increased risks of delayed settlement of securities purchased or sold by the fund, which could impact the liquidity of the fund’s portfolio.

Interest rate risk — The values and liquidity of the securities held by the fund may be affected by changing interest rates. For example, the values of these securities may decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Longer maturity debt securities generally have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and may be subject to greater price fluctuations than shorter maturity debt securities. The fund may invest in variable and floating rate securities. When the fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and the net asset value of the fund’s shares. Although the values of such securities are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than those of other debt securities, the value of variable and floating rate securities may decline if their interest rates do not rise as quickly, or as much, as market interest rates. Conversely, floating rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. During periods of extremely low short-term interest rates, the fund may not be able to maintain a positive yield or total return and, in relatively low interest rate environments, there are heightened risks associated with rising interest rates.

Portfolio turnover — The fund may engage in frequent and active trading of its portfolio securities. Higher portfolio turnover may involve correspondingly greater transaction costs in the form of dealer spreads, brokerage commissions and other transaction costs on the sale of securities and on reinvestment in other securities. The sale of portfolio securities may also result in the realization of net capital gains, which are taxable when distributed to shareholders, unless the shareholder is exempt from taxation or his or her account is tax-favored. These costs and tax effects may adversely affect the fund’s returns to shareholders. The fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year, as well as within a year.

Authorized Participant concentration — Only Authorized Participants (as defined in the “Shareholder information” section below) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund, and none of them is obligated to do so. The fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants. In addition, to the extent that securities held by the fund are traded outside a collateralized settlement system, Authorized Participants may be required to post collateral on certain trades on an agency basis (on behalf of other market participants), which only a limited number of Authorized Participants may be able to do. If Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to or elect not to engage in creation or redemption transactions, and no other Authorized Participant engages in such function, fund shares may trade at a premium or discount to the fund’s net asset value and/or at wider intraday bid-ask spreads and possibly face trading halts or delisting.

Management — The investment adviser to the fund actively manages the fund’s investments. Consequently, the fund is subject to the risk that the methods and analyses, including models, tools and data, employed by the investment adviser in this process may be flawed or incorrect and may not produce the desired results. This could cause the fund to lose value or its investment results to lag relevant benchmarks or other funds with similar objectives.