1001 - Document - Cover Page link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 1002 - Statement - Consolidated income statement link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 1003 - Statement - Consolidated statement of comprehensive income link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 1004 - Statement - Consolidated balance sheet link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 1005 - Statement - Consolidated statement of changes in equity link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 1006 - Statement - Consolidated cash flow statement link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999001 - Disclosure - Accounting policies link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999002 - Disclosure - Segment information link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999003 - Disclosure - Revenue from contracts with customers link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999004 - Disclosure - Operating expenses link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999005 - Disclosure - Employee information link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999006 - Disclosure - Net finance costs link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999007 - Disclosure - Income tax link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999008 - Disclosure - Earnings per share link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999009 - Disclosure - Dividends link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999010 - Disclosure - Property, plant and equipment and investment property link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999011 - Disclosure - Intangible assets link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999012 - Disclosure - Investments in joint ventures and associates link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999013 - Disclosure - Deferred income tax link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999014 - Disclosure - Classification of financial instruments link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999015 - Disclosure - Other financial assets link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999016 - Disclosure - Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999017 - Disclosure - Cash and cash equivalents (excluding overdrafts) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999018 - Disclosure - Financial liabilities - borrowings link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999019 - Disclosure - Financial risk management link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999020 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Product Development link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999021 - Disclosure - Inventories link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999022 - Disclosure - Trade and other receivables link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999023 - Disclosure - Provisions for other liabilities and charges link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999024 - Disclosure - Trade and other liabilities link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999025 - Disclosure - Retirement benefit and other post-retirement obligations link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999026 - Disclosure - Share-based payments link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999027 - Disclosure - Share capital and share premium link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999028 - Disclosure - Treasury shares link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999029 - Disclosure - Other comprehensive income link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999030 - Disclosure - Business combinations link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999031 - Disclosure - Disposals and business closures link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999032 - Disclosure - Additional cash flow information link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999033 - Disclosure - Contingencies, tax uncertainties and commitments link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999034 - Disclosure - Leases link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999035 - Disclosure - Related party transactions link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999036 - Disclosure - Events after the balance sheet date link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999037 - Disclosure - Accounts and audit exemptions link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999038 - Disclosure - Accounting policies (Policies) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999039 - Disclosure - Accounting policies (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999040 - Disclosure - Segment information (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999041 - Disclosure - Revenue from contracts with customers (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999042 - Disclosure - Operating expenses (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999043 - Disclosure - Employee information (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999044 - Disclosure - Net finance costs (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999045 - Disclosure - Income tax (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999046 - Disclosure - Earnings per share (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999047 - Disclosure - Dividends (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999048 - Disclosure - Property, plant and equipment and investment property (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999049 - Disclosure - Intangible assets (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999050 - Disclosure - Investments in joint ventures and associates (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999051 - Disclosure - Deferred income tax (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999052 - Disclosure - Classification of financial instruments (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999053 - Disclosure - Other financial assets (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999054 - Disclosure - Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999055 - Disclosure - Cash and cash equivalents (excluding overdrafts) (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999056 - Disclosure - Financial liabilities - borrowings (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999057 - Disclosure - Financial risk management (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999058 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Product Development (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999059 - Disclosure - Inventories (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999060 - Disclosure - Trade and other receivables (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999061 - Disclosure - Provisions for other liabilities and charges (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999062 - Disclosure - Trade and other liabilities (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999063 - Disclosure - Retirement benefit and other post-retirement obligations (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999064 - Disclosure - Share-based payments (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999065 - Disclosure - Share capital and share premium (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999066 - Disclosure - Treasury shares (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999067 - Disclosure - Other comprehensive income (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999068 - Disclosure - Business combinations (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999069 - Disclosure - Disposals and business closures (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999070 - Disclosure - Additional cash flow information (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999071 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999072 - Disclosure - Related party transactions (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999073 - Disclosure - Accounts and audit exemptions (Tables) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999074 - Disclosure - Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999075 - Disclosure - Accounting Policies - Estimated Useful Lives of Property, Plant and Equipment (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999076 - Disclosure - Segment Information - Schedule of Segment Reporting Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999077 - Disclosure - Segment Information - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999078 - Disclosure - Segment Information - Summary Of Other Disclosures (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999079 - Disclosure - Segment Information - Summary of Operating Segments in Geographic Areas (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999080 - Disclosure - Revenue From Contracts With Customers - Summary of analysis of group's revenue streams (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999081 - Disclosure - Revenue From Contracts With Customers - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999082 - Disclosure - Operating Expenses - Summary of Operating Expenses by Function (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999083 - Disclosure - Operating Expenses - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999084 - Disclosure - Operating Expenses - Summary of Operating Expenses by Nature (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999085 - Disclosure - Operating Expenses - Summary of Services From the Group's Auditors (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999086 - Disclosure - Operating Expenses - Summary of Reconciliation Between Audit and Non-Audit Service Fees (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999087 - Disclosure - Employee Information - Summary of Classification of Employee Benefit (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999088 - Disclosure - Employee Information - Summary of Average Number of Employees (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999089 - Disclosure - Employee information - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999090 - Disclosure - Net Finance Costs - Schedule of Information About Finance Income and Costs (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999091 - Disclosure - Income Tax - Summary of Components of Current Tax Expense Income and Adjustments for Current Tax of Prior Periods (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999092 - Disclosure - Income Tax - Summary of Profit Before Tax Differences Calculated (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999093 - Disclosure - Income Tax - Summary of Profit Before Tax Differences Calculated (Parenthetical) (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999094 - Disclosure - Income Tax - Summary of Tax (Charge)/Benefit Recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999095 - Disclosure - Income Tax - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999096 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share - Summary of Earnings Per Share (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999097 - Disclosure - Dividends - Summary of Dividends Declared (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999098 - Disclosure - Dividends - Summary of Dividends Declared (Parenthetical) (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999099 - Disclosure - Dividends - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999100 - Disclosure - Property, Plant and Equipment and Investment Property - Summary Of Property, Plant and Equipment and Investment Property (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999101 - Disclosure - Property, Plant and Equipment and Investment Property - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999102 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Summary of Intangible Assets (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999103 - Disclosure - Intangible assets - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999104 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Summary of Amortisation Profile of Intangible Assets (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999105 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Summary of Useful Economic Life of Intangible Assets (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999106 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Summary of Carrying Value of Goodwill (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999107 - Disclosure - Intangible assets - Summary of Detailed Information About In Carrying Value Of Goodwill (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999108 - Disclosure - Investments in Joint Ventures and Associates - Summary of Financial Statements (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999109 - Disclosure - Investments in Joint Ventures and Associates - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999110 - Disclosure - Deferred Income Tax - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999111 - Disclosure - Deferred Income Tax - Schedule of Deferred Income Tax (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999112 - Disclosure - Deferred Income Tax - Schedule of Detailed Information About Unrecognised Tax Losses Expiry Dates Explanatory (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999113 - Disclosure - Deferred Income Tax - Schedule of Movement on Net Deferred Income Tax Account (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999114 - Disclosure - Classification of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Classification of Each Class of Financial Assets and their Carrying Values (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999115 - Disclosure - Classification of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Accounting Classification of Class of Financial Liabilities, Together with their Carrying Values and Market Values (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999116 - Disclosure - Classification of financial instruments - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999117 - Disclosure - Classification of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Analysis of the Movements in Level 3 Fair Value Remeasurements (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999118 - Disclosure - Classification of Financial Instruments -Schedule of Analysis of the Movement in the Fair Value of the Deferred and Contingent Consideration (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999119 - Disclosure - Other Financial Assets - Summary of Other Financial Assets (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999120 - Disclosure - Other financial assets - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999121 - Disclosure - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting - Summary of Outstanding Derivative Financial Instruments (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999122 - Disclosure - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999123 - Disclosure - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting - Summary of Instruments to Hedge Exposures to Changes in Interest Rates and Foreign Currency Risk Associated with Borrowings (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999124 - Disclosure - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting - Summary of Amounts at the Reporting Rate Relating to Items Designated as Hedge Items (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999125 - Disclosure - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting - Summary of Amounts Related to Items Designated as Hedging Instruments (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999126 - Disclosure - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting - Disclosure of Derivative Financial Assets and Liabilities Subject to Offsetting Arrangements (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999127 - Disclosure - Cash and Cash Equivalents (Excluding Overdrafts) - Summary of Cash and Cash Equivalents (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999128 - Disclosure - Cash and Cash Equivalents (Excluding Overdrafts) - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999129 - Disclosure - Financial Liabilities - Borrowings - Summary of Current and Non - Current Borrowings (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999130 - Disclosure - Financial Liabilities - Borrowings - Summary of Current and Non - Current Borrowings (Parenthetical) (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999131 - Disclosure - Financial Liabilities - Borrowings - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999132 - Disclosure - Financial Liabilities - Borrowings - Summary of Maturities of the Group's Non-Current Borrowings (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999133 - Disclosure - Financial Liabilities - Borrowings - Summary of Carrying Amounts and Market Value of Borrowings (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999134 - Disclosure - Financial Liabilities - Borrowings - Summary of Carrying Amounts of Borrowings which Denominated in Currencies (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999135 - Disclosure - Financial Risk Management - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999136 - Disclosure - Financial Risk Management - Summary of Net Debt Position (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999137 - Disclosure - Financial Risk Management - Summary of Sensitivity of Carrying Value of Financial Instruments to Fluctuations in Interest Rates and Exchange Rates (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999138 - Disclosure - Financial Risk Management - Schedule of Contractual Undiscounted Cash Flows Analysed by Maturity and Currency (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999139 - Disclosure - Financial Risk Management - Schedule of Contractual Undiscounted Cash Flows Analysed by Maturity and Currency (Parenthetical) (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999140 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Product Development - Summary of Intangible Assets (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999141 - Disclosure - Intangible Assets - Product Development - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999142 - Disclosure - Inventories - Summary of Current Inventories (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999143 - Disclosure - Inventories - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999144 - Disclosure - Trade and Other Receivables - Summary of Trade and Other Receivables (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999145 - Disclosure - Trade and Other Receivables - Summary of Movements on Provision for Bad and Doubtful Debts (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999146 - Disclosure - Trade and Other Receivables - Summary of Ageing of Group's Trade Receivables (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999147 - Disclosure - Provisions for Other Liabilities and Charges - Summary of Provisions for Other Liabilities and Charges (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999148 - Disclosure - Provisions for Other Liabilities and Charges - Summary of Analysis of Provisions (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999149 - Disclosure - Trade and Other Liabilities - Summary of Trade and Other Liabilities (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999150 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999151 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Defined Plan Analysis (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999152 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Principal Assumptions Used for UK Group Plan and US PRMB (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999153 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Remaining Average Life Expectancy in Years of Pensioner Retiring at Age 65 (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999154 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Amounts Recognised in Income Statement (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999155 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Amounts Recognised in Balance Sheet (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999156 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Gains (Losses) Recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999157 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Fair Value of Plan Assets (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999158 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of of Quoted and Non Quoted Market Price (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999159 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Liquidity Profile of UK Group Plan Assets (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999160 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Changes in Values of Plan Assets and Liabilities (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999161 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Changes in Value of US PRMB (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999162 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Effect Percentage of Discount Rate Increase (Decrease) on Defined Benefit Obligation and Total Pension Expense (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999163 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Effect Percentage of Discount Rate Increase (Decrease) on Defined Benefit Obligation and Total Pension Expense (Parenthetical) (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999164 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Effect of Members Living One Year More or One Year Less on the Defined Benefit Obligation (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999165 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Effect of Members Living One Year More or One Year Less on the Defined Benefit Obligation (Parenthetical) (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999166 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Effect of a Half Percentage Point Increase and Decrease in the Inflation Rate (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999167 - Disclosure - Retirement Benefit and Other Post-retirement Obligations - Summary of Effect of a Half Percentage Point Increase and Decrease in the Inflation Rate (Parenthetical) (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999168 - Disclosure - Share-Based Payments - Summary of Charges in Income Statement in Respect of Equity-Settled Share-Based Payment Plans (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999169 - Disclosure - Share-based payments - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999170 - Disclosure - Share-Based Payments - Summary of Shares Granted under Restricted Share Arrangements (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999171 - Disclosure - Share Capital and Share Premium - Summary of Share Capital and Share Premium (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999172 - Disclosure - Share Capital and Share Premium - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999173 - Disclosure - Treasury shares - Schedule of Treasury Shares (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999174 - Disclosure - Treasury shares - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999175 - Disclosure - Other Comprehensive Income - Schedule of Other Comprehensive Income (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999176 - Disclosure - Business Combinations - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999177 - Disclosure - Business Combinations - Schedule of Cash Flow on Acquisitions (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999178 - Disclosure - Disposals and business closures - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999179 - Disclosure - Disposals and business closures - Schedule of Disposals Including Business Closures (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999180 - Disclosure - Additional cash flow information - Summary of Proceeds from Sale of Property, Plant and Equipment (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999181 - Disclosure - Additional cash flow information - Summary of Current and Non-current Borrowings (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999182 - Disclosure - Contingencies, tax uncertainties and commitments - Additional Information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999183 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of information about leases in income statement (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999184 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of maturities of operating lease payments (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999185 - Disclosure - Leases - Additional information (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999186 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of information about leases in cash flow statement (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999187 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of information about leases of lessor in income statement (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999188 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of information about leases of lessor in cash flow statement (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999189 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of detailed information about undiscounted lease payments to be received after the reporting date (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999190 - Disclosure - Related Party Transactions - Summary of Key Management Personnel Compensation (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999191 - Disclosure - Events after the balance sheet date - Additional Informations (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999192 - Disclosure - Accounts and audit exemptions - Summary of of individual financial statements of the company (Detail) link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 999193 - Disclosure - Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 1007 - Statement - Consolidated income statement Alternate 1 link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink 1008 - Statement - Consolidated statement of comprehensive income Alternate 1 link:presentationLink link:definitionLink link:calculationLink Cover [Abstract] Document Information [Table] Document Information [Line Items] Document Type Amendment Flag Document Period End Date Document Fiscal Year Focus Document Fiscal Period Focus Trading Symbol Entity Registrant Name Entity Central Index Key Current Fiscal Year End Date Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer Entity Current Reporting Status Entity Filer Category Entity Emerging Growth Company Entity Shell Company Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding Document Annual Report Document Registration Statement Document Transition Report Document Shell Company Report Entity Voluntary Filers Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code Title of 12(b) Security Security Exchange Name No Trading Symbol Flag Entity Address, Country Entity Interactive Data Current ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag Entity Address, Address Line One Entity Address, City or Town Entity Address, Postal Zip Code Contact Personnel Name City Area Code Local Phone Number Auditor Name Auditor Firm ID Auditor Location Entity File Number Document Accounting Standard Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag] Contact Personnel Email Address Components of equity [axis] Components of equity [axis] Components of equity [domain] Equity [member] ADR [Member] American Depositary Shares [member] Entity Addresses, Address Type [Axis] Address Type [Domain] Business Contact [Member] Business Contact [member] Income Statement [Abstract] Weighted average ordinary shares used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share [abstract] Earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the company during the year (expressed in pence per share) Basic earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations • basic Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations • diluted Continuing Operations [abstract] Continuing operations Continuing Operations [abstract] Profit (loss), attributable to [abstract] Attributable to: Profit (loss), attributable to owners of parent Equity holders of the company Earnings attributable to equity shareholders Profit (loss), attributable to non-controlling interests Non-controlling interest Non-controlling interest Revenue Sales Revenue Revenue Cost of sales Cost of goods sold Cost of goods sold Gross Profit Gross profit Operating expense excluding cost of sales Operating expenses Total net operating expenses Other gains (losses) Other net gains and losses Other net gains and losses Share of profit (loss) from continuing operations of associates and joint ventures accounted for using equity method Share of results of joint ventures and associates Profit (loss) from operating activities Operating profit Finance costs Finance costs Finance income Finance income Profit (loss) before tax Profit before tax Profit before tax Profit before tax Tax expense (income), continuing operations Income tax Total tax charge Profit (loss) Profit for the year Profit for the year Statement of comprehensive income [abstract] Statements [Table] Statements [table] Schedule reflecting a Statement of Income, Statement of Cash Flows, Statement of Financial Position, Statement of Shareholders Equity and Other Comprehensive Income, or other statement as needed. Categories of related parties [axis] Categories of related parties [axis] Categories of related parties [domain] Entity's total for related parties [member] Statements [Line Items] Statements [LineItems] Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. Components of other comprehensive income that will be reclassified to profit or loss, net of tax [abstract] Items that may be reclassified to the income statement Gains (losses) on exchange differences on translation, before tax Net exchange differences on translation of foreign operations Other comprehensive income, Before tax, currency translation adjustment disposed Currency translation adjustment disposed Other comprehensive income, Before tax, currency translation adjustment disposed Income tax relating to exchange differences on translation of foreign operations included in other comprehensive income Attributable tax Net exchange differences on translation of foreign operations Components of other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to profit or loss, net of tax [abstract] Items that are not reclassified to the income statement Comprehensive income attributable to [abstract] Attributable to: Comprehensive income, attributable to owners of parent Equity holders of the company Comprehensive income, attributable to non-controlling interests Non-controlling interest Other comprehensive income, before tax, financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income Fair value (losses)/gains on other financial assets Income tax relating to financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income Attributable tax Other comprehensive income, before tax, gains (losses) on remeasurements of defined benefit obligations Remeasurement of retirement benefit obligations Other comprehensive income, before tax, gains (losses) on remeasurements of defined benefit obligations Income tax relating to remeasurements of defined benefit plans included in other comprehensive income Attributable tax Remeasurement of retirement benefit obligations Other comprehensive income Other comprehensive expense for the year Other comprehensive (expense)/income Comprehensive income Total comprehensive income for the year Total comprehensive (expense)/income Statement of financial position [abstract] Current assets [abstract] Current assets Current Intangible Assets Product Development Intangible assets – product development Current intangible assets product development. Current inventories Inventories Inventories Inventories Trade and other current receivables Trade and other receivables Trade and other current receivables Trade and other receivables Current derivative financial assets Financial assets – derivative financial instruments Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents (excluding overdrafts) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents (excluding overdrafts) Current assets other than non-current assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale or as held for distribution to owners Total current assets Assets Total assets Current tax assets, current Income tax assets Current liabilities [abstract] Current liabilities Trade and other current payables Trade and other liabilities Trade and other payables, current Trade and other liabilities Current borrowings and current portion of non-current borrowings Financial liabilities – borrowings Current derivative financial liabilities Financial liabilities – derivative financial instruments Current tax liabilities Income tax liabilities Current tax receivable Other current provisions Provisions for other liabilities and charges Current Current liabilities other than liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale Total current liabilities Liabilities Total liabilities Assets (liabilities) Net assets Net assets disposed Equity [abstract] Equity Issued capital Share capital Share premium Share premium Treasury shares Treasury shares Beginning Balance Ending Balance Treasury shares Capital redemption reserve Capital redemption reserve Reserve of gains and losses on financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income Fair value reserve Reserve of exchange differences on translation Translation reserve Equity attributable to owners of parent Total equity attributable to equity holders of the company Non-controlling interests Non-controlling interest Equity Total equity Beginning Balance Ending balance Retained earnings Non-current assets [abstract] Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets and goodwill Intangible assets Beginning balance Ending balance Intangible assets, including goodwill Investments accounted for using equity method Investments in joint ventures and associates Deferred tax assets Deferred income tax assets Non-current derivative financial assets Financial assets – derivative financial instruments Non-current net defined benefit asset Retirement benefit assets Other non-current financial assets Other financial assets At beginning of year At end of year Trade and other non-current receivables Trade and other receivables Trade and other non current receivables Long-Lived Assets Total non-current assets Current tax assets, non-current Income tax assets Investment property Investment property Non-current liabilities [abstract] Non-current liabilities Non-current portion of non-current borrowings Financial liabilities – borrowings Non-current borrowings Non-current derivative financial liabilities Financial liabilities – derivative financial instruments Deferred Tax Liabilities, Net Deferred income tax liabilities Non-current net defined benefit liability Retirement benefit obligations Other non-current provisions Provisions for other liabilities and charges Non-current Other non-current liabilities Other liabilities Non-current liabilities Non-current liabilities Statement of changes in equity [abstract] Issued capital [member] Share capital [member] Share premium [member] Share premium [member] Treasury shares [member] Treasury shares [member] Capital redemption reserve [member] Capital redemption reserve [member] Fair Value Reserve [member] Fair value reserve [member] Fair value reserve. Reserve of exchange differences on translation [member] Translation reserve [member] Retained Earnings [Member] Retained earnings [member] Equity attributable to owners of parent [member] Equity attributable to equity holders of the company [member] Non-controlling interests [member] Non-controlling interest [member] Retrospective application and retrospective restatement [axis] Retrospective application and retrospective restatement [axis] Currently stated [member] Currently stated [member] Increase (decrease) through share-based payment transactions, equity Equity-settled transactions Increase Decrease Through Taxation on Equity Settled Transactions Taxation on equity-settled transactions Increase decrease through taxation on equity settled transactions. Increase (decrease) through exercise of options, equity Issue of ordinary shares under share option schemes Issue of ordinary shares – share option schemes Buyback Of Equity Buyback of equity Buyback of equity Buyback of equity. Purchase of treasury shares Purchase of treasury shares Sale or issue of treasury shares Release of treasury shares Release of treasury shares Dividends recognised as distributions to owners Dividends Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract] Cash flows from (used in) financing activities [abstract] Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from issue of ordinary shares Proceeds from issue of ordinary shares Cash flows relating to buyback of equity Buyback of equity Cash flows relating to buyback of equity. Proceeds from borrowings, classified as financing activities Proceeds from borrowings Repayments of borrowings, classified as financing activities Repayment of borrowings Dividends paid to equity holders of parent, classified as financing activities Dividends paid to company's shareholders Cash flows from (used in) financing activities Net cash used in financing activities Payments of lease liabilities, classified as financing activities Repayment of lease liabilities Payments of Share Based Payments Settlement of share-based payments Payments of share based payments. Cash flows from (used in) investing activities [abstract] Cash flows from investing activities Cash flows used in obtaining control of subsidiaries or other businesses, classified as investing activities Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired Net cash outflow Purchase of investments other than investments accounted for using equity method Purchase of investments Purchase of intangible assets, classified as investing activities Purchase of intangible assets Derecognition Of Interest In Subsidiary Including Disposal Of Cash Disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed Derecognition of interest in subsidiary including disposal of cash. Proceeds from sales of investments other than investments accounted for using equity method Proceeds from disposal of investments Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment, classified as investing activities Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment Interest received, classified as investing activities Interest received Dividends received from investments accounted for using equity method, classified as investing activities Dividends received Cash flows from (used in) investing activities Net cash used in investing activities Proceeds From Lease Receivables Lease receivables repaid including disposals Proceeds form lease receivables. Purchase of interests in associates Acquisition of joint ventures and associates Purchase Of Property, Plant And Equipment, And Investment Property Classified As Investing Activities Purchase of property, plant and equipment and investment property Purchase of property, plant and equipment, and investment property classified as investing activities. Cash flows from (used in) operating activities [abstract] Cash flows from operating activities Cash flows from (used in) operations Net cash generated from operations Interest paid, classified as operating activities Interest paid Income taxes paid (refund), classified as operating activities Tax paid Cash flows from (used in) operating activities Net cash generated from operating activities Adjustments For Provisions For Other Liabilities And Charges Change in provisions for other liabilities and charges Adjustments for provisions for other liabilities and charges. Adjustments for finance costs Net finance costs Adjustments For Depreciation And Impairment Of Property Plant And Equipments And Investment Property Depreciation and impairment – PPE, investment property and assets held for sale Adjustments for depreciation and impairment of property plant and equipments and investment property. Adjustments For Amortisation And Impairment Of Software Amortisation and impairment – software Adjustments for amortisation and impairment of software. Adjustments For Amortisation And Impairment Of Acquired Intangible Assets Amortisation and impairment – acquired intangible assets Adjustments for amortisation and impairment of acquired intangible assets. Adjustments For Other Net Gains And Losses Other net gains and losses Adjustments for other net gains and losses. Adjustments For Product Development Capital Expenditure Product development capital expenditure Adjustments for product development capital expenditure. Adjustments For Product Development Amortisation Amortisation and impairment – product development Adjustments for product development amortisation. Adjustments for share-based payments Share-based payment costs Adjustments for decrease (increase) in inventories Change in inventories Adjustments for decrease (increase) in trade and other receivables Change in trade and other receivables Adjustments for increase (decrease) in trade and other payables Change in trade and other liabilities Other adjustments to reconcile profit (loss) Other movements Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents if different from statement of financial position Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year Cash and cash equivalents in the cash flow statement Texts Block [Abstract] Text blocks [abstract] Disclosure Of Significant Accounting Policies Explanatory Accounting policies Disclosure of significant accounting policies explanatory. Disclosure of entity's operating segments [text block] Segment information Disclosure of revenue from contracts with customers [text block] Revenue from contracts with customers Disclosure of expenses [text block] Operating expenses Disclosure of information about employees [text block] Employee information Disclosure of finance cost [text block] Net finance costs Disclosure of income tax [text block] Income tax Disclosure of earnings per share [text block] Earnings per share Disclosure of dividends [text block] Dividends Disclosure of Property, plant and equipmentand investment property Explanatory [Text Block] Property, plant and equipment and investment property Disclosure of Property, plant and equipment and investment property Explanatory . Disclosure of intangible assets [text block] Intangible assets Disclosure of investments accounted for using equity method [text block] Investments in joint ventures and associates Disclosure of Deferred income tax explanatory Deferred income tax The entire disclosure of deferred income taxes. Disclosure of financial instruments [text block] Classification of financial instruments Disclosure of other financial assets [text block] Other financial assets The entire disclosure of other financial assets. Disclosure of Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting Explanatory Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting Disclosure of derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting. Disclosure of cash and cash equivalents [text block] Cash and cash equivalents (excluding overdrafts) Disclosure of borrowings [text block] Financial liabilities - borrowings Disclosure of financial risk management [text block] Financial risk management Disclosure of intangible assets current pre publications [text block] Intangible assets – product development Disclosure of intangible assets current pre publications. Disclosure of inventories [text block] Inventories Disclosure of trade and other receivables [text block] Trade and other receivables Disclosure of other provisions [text block] Provisions for other liabilities and charges Disclosure of trade and other payables [text block] Trade and other liabilities Disclosure of employee benefits [text block] Retirement benefit and other post-retirement obligations Disclosure of share-based payment arrangements [text block] Share-based payments Disclosure Of Classes Of Share Capital And Share Premium Explanatory [Text Block] Share capital and share premium Disclosure of classes of share capital and share premium. Treasury shares transaction [table] Treasury shares transaction [table] Treasury shares transaction [table] Treasury shares transaction [line items] Treasury shares transaction [line items] Treasury shares transaction. Disclosure of treasury shares [text block] Treasury shares Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [text block] Other comprehensive income Disclosure of business combinations [text block] Business combinations Disclosure of disposal of subsidiaries and associates [text block] Disposals and business closures The entire disclosure for disposal of subsidiaries and associates. Disclosure of cash flow statement [text block] Additional cash flow information Disclosure of Contingencies Other Liabilitiesand Commitments [Abstract] Disclosure of commitments and contingent liabilities [abstract] Disclosure of contingencies other liabilities and commitments. Disclosure Of Contingencies Other Liabilities And Commitments Explanatory Contingencies, tax uncertainties and commitments Disclosure of contingencies other liabilities and commitments explanatory. Presentation of leases for lessee [abstract] Disclosure of leases [text block] Leases Disclosure of related party [text block] Related party transactions Disclosure of events after reporting period [text block] Events after the balance sheet date Accounts And Audit Exemptions [Abstract] Accounts and audit exemptions [abstract]. Disclosure Of Accounts And Audit Exemptions Explanatory Accounts and audit exemptions Accounts and audit exemptions. Description Of Accounting Policy For Basis Of Preparation Of Financial Statements Explanatory Basis of preparation The description of the entity's accounting policy for the basis of preparation of financial statements. Description Of Accounting Policy For Consolidation Of Financial Statements Explanatory Consolidation The description of the entity's accounting policy for the consolidation of financial statements. Description of accounting policy for foreign currency translation [text block] Foreign currency translation Description of accounting policy for property, plant and equipment [text block] Property, plant and equipment Description of accounting policy for intangible assets and goodwill [text block] Intangible assets Description of Accounting Policy for Other Financial Assets Explanatory Other financial assets The description of the entity's accounting policy for other financial assets. Description of accounting policy for measuring inventories [text block] Inventories Description of accounting policy for determining components of cash and cash equivalents [text block] Cash and cash equivalents Description of accounting policy for issued capital [text block] Share capital Description of accounting policy for borrowings [text block] Borrowings Description of accounting policy for derivative financial instruments [text block] Derivative financial instruments Description of accounting policy for income tax [text block] Taxation Description of accounting policy for employee benefits [text block] Employee benefits Description of accounting policy for provisions [text block] Provisions Description of accounting policy for recognition of revenue [text block] Revenue recognition Description of accounting policy for leases [text block] Leases Description of accounting policy for dividends [text block] Dividends Description of accounting policy for discontinued operations [text block] Discontinued operations Description of accounting policy for non-current assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale and discontinued operations [text block] Assets and liabilities held for sale Description of accounting policy for trade and other receivables [text block] Trade receivables Description of accounting policy for going concern explanatory [Text Block] Going concern The description of the entity's accounting policy for going concern. Description Of Accounting Policy For Climate Change Explanatory Climate change Description of accounting policy for climate change explanatory. Description of accounting policy for investment property [text block] Investment Property Disclosure Of Property Plant And Equipment Estimated Useful Lives [text block] Estimated Useful Lives of Property, Plant and Equipment The disclosure of the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment. Disclosure of operating segments [text block] Schedule of Segment Reporting Information Disclosure of geographical areas [text block] Summary of Operating Segments in Geographic Areas Summary Of Other Segment Disclosures Summary of other segment disclosures. Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [text block] Summary of analysis of group's revenue streams Disclosure Of Operating Expenses By Function [text block] Summary of Operating Expenses by Function Disclosure of operating expenses by function. Disclosure Of Operating Expenses By Nature Explanatory Summary of Operating Expenses by Nature Disclosure of operating expenses by nature explanatory. Disclosure of auditors' remuneration [text block] Summary of Services From the Group's Auditors Disclosure of reconciliation between audit and non-audit service fees [text block] Summary of Reconciliation Between Audit and Non-Audit Service Fees Disclosure of reconciliation between audit and non-audit service fees. Disclosure of classification of employee benefits explanatory Summary of Classification of Employee Benefit Disclosure of classification of employee benefits explanatory Disclosure Of Average Number Of Employees Explanatory Summary of Average Number of Employees Disclosure of average number of employees. Disclosure of Detailed Information About Finance Income Expense [text block] Schedule of Information About Finance Income and Costs The disclosure of detailed information about finance income (expense). Disclosure Of Components Of Income Tax Expense [Text block] Summary of Components of Current Tax Expense Income and Adjustments for Current Tax of Prior Periods Disclosure of components of income tax expense. Disclosure of reconciliation of effective tax rate [text block] Summary of Profit Before Tax Differences Calculated The disclosure of reconciliation of effective tax rate. Disclosure Of Income Tax Relating To Components Of Other Comprehensive Income [text block] Summary of Tax (Charge)/Benefit Recognised in Other Comprehensive Income Disclosure of income tax relating to components of other comprehensive income. Earnings per share [text block] Summary of Earnings Per Share Schedule of Information about Dividends Explanatory Summary of Dividends Declared Schedule of information about dividends explanatory. Disclosure of Detailed information about Property, plant and equipment and investment property Explanatory Summary of Disclousre of Detailed inormation about Property, plant and equipment and investment property Disclosure of Detailed information about Property, plant and equipment and investment property Explanatory. Disclosure of detailed information about intangible assets [text block] Summary of Intangible Assets Disclosure of intangible assets estimated useful life [Text block] Summary of Useful Economic Life of Intangible Assets Disclosure of intangible assets estimated useful life. Disclosure of intangible assets expected amortization expense of acquired intangible assets [Text block] Summary of Amortisation Profile of Intangible Assets Disclosure of intangible assets expected amortization expense of acquired intangible assets. Disclosure of goodwill [text block] Summary of Carrying Value of Goodwill Disclosure of Detailed Information About In Carrying Value Of Goodwill Explanatory Summary of Detailed Information About In Carrying Value Of Goodwill Disclosure of detailed information about in carrying value of goodwill explanatory. Disclosure of detailed information about investments in associates and joint ventures [text block] Summary of Amounts Recognized in Financial Statements Disclosure of detailed information about investments in associates and joint ventures. Disclosure of deferred taxes [text block] Schedule of Deferred Income Tax Disclosure Of Detailed Information About Unrecognised Tax Losses Explanatory Schedule of Detailed Information about Unrecognised Tax Losses Explanatory Disclosure of detailed information about unrecognised tax losses explanatory. Disclosure Of Changes In Deferred Tax Assets Explanatory Schedule of Movement on Net Deferred Income Assets and Liabilities Tabular disclosure of changes in deferred tax assets. Disclosure of financial assets [text block] Schedule of Classification of Each Class of Financial Assets and their Carrying Values Disclosure of financial liabilities [text block] Schedule of Accounting Classification of Class of Financial Liabilities, Together with their Carrying Values and Market Values Disclosure of Analysis of Movements in Level Three Fair Value Re Measurements [text block] Schedule of Analysis of the Movements in Level 3 Fair Value Remeasurements Disclosure of Analysis of Movements in Level Three Fair Value Re Measurements [text block] Disclosure of fair value measurement of liabilities [text block] Schedule of Analysis of the Movement in the Fair Value of the Deferred and Contingent Consideration Disclosure of detailed information about other financial assets [text block] Summary of Other Financial Assets The disclosure of detailed information about other financial assets. Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [text block] Summary of Instruments to Hedge Exposures to Changes in Interest Rates and Foreign Currency Risk Associated with Borrowings Disclosure of detailed information about hedged items [text block] Summary of Amounts at the Reporting Rate Relating to Items Designated as Hedge Items Disclosure of hedging instruments [text block] Summary of Amounts Related to Items Designated as Hedging Instruments Disclosure of hedging instruments. Disclosure Of Derivative Financial Asset And Liabilities Offsetting Arrangements [table text block] Disclosure of Derivative Financial Assets and Liabilities Subject to Offsetting Arrangements Disclosure of derivative financial asset and liabilities offsetting arrangements. Disclosure of Detailed Information About Hedges Outstanding Derivative Explanatory Summary of Outstanding Derivative Financial Instruments Disclosure of detailed information about hedges outstanding derivative explanatory. Disclosure of detailed information about cash and cash equivalents [text block] Summary of Cash and Cash Equivalents The disclosure of detailed information about cash and cash equivalents. Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [text block] Summary of Current and Non - Current Borrowings Disclosure of detailed information about maturity of borrowings explanatory Summary of Maturities of the Group's Non-Current Borrowings Disclosure of detailed information about maturity of borrowings. Disclosure of detailed information about carrying amounts and market values of borrowings explanatory [text block] Summary of Carrying Amounts and Market Value of Borrowings Disclosure of detailed information about carrying amounts and market values of borrowings. Disclosure of detailed information about carrying amounts of borrowings which denominated in currencies explanatory [text block] Summary of Carrying Amounts of Borrowings which Denominated in Currencies Disclosure of detailed information about carrying amounts of borrowings which denominated in currencies explanatory. Disclosure of net debt position [text block] Summary of Net Debt Position Disclosure of net debt position. Disclosure of Financial Instruments Sensitivity Analysis [text block] Summary of Sensitivity of The Carrying Value of Financial Instruments to Fluctuations in Interest Rates and Exchange Rates Disclosure of Financial Instruments Sensitivity Analysis [text block] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Contractual Cash Flows Financial Assets And Liabilities [text block] Schedule of Contractual Undiscounted Cash Flows Analysed by Maturity and Currency Disclosure of undiscounted contractual cash flows of financial assets and liabilities. Disclosure Of Detailed Information About Intangible Assets Current Pre Publication [text block] Summary of Intangible Assets Product Development Disclosure of detailed information about intangible assets current pre publication. Disclosure of current inventories [text block] Summary of Current Inventories Disclosure of current inventories explanatory. Disclosure of detailed information about trade and other receivables [text block] Summary of Trade and Other Receivables The disclosure of detailed information about trade and other receivables. Disclosure of provision for bad debts [text block] Summary of Movements on Provision for Bad and Doubtful Debts The disclosure of provision for bad debts. Disclosure Of Ageing Of Trade Receivables [text block] Summary of Ageing of Group's Trade Receivables Disclosure of ageing of trade receivables. Disclosure of Provisions for Other Liabilities and Charges [text block] Summary of Provisions for Other Liabilities and Charges Disclosure of provisions for other liabilities and charges. Description of Analysis of Provisions [text block] Summary of Analysis of Provisions Description of analysis of provisions. Disclosure Of Trade And Other Liabilities [text block] Summary of Trade and Other Liabilities Disclosure of trade and other liabilities. Disclosure of Assumptions Used for Actuarial Valuations Explanatory Summary of Principal Assumptions Used for UK Group Plan and US PRMB Disclosure of weighted average assumptions used for actuarial valuations. Disclosure of Remaining Average Life Expectancy in Years [text block] Summary of Remaining Average Life Expectancy in Years of Pensioner Retiring at Age 65 Disclosure of remaining average life expectancy in years. Disclosure Of Amounts Recognised In Income Statement [table text block] Summary of Amounts Recognised in Income Statement Disclosure of amounts recognised in the income statement. Disclosure Of Amounts Recognised In Balance Sheet [table text block] Summary of Amounts Recognised in Balance Sheet Disclosure of amounts recognised in the balance sheet. Disclosure of gain (loss) recognised in other comprehensive income explanatory Summary of Gains (Losses) Recognised in Other Comprehensive Income Disclosure of gain (loss) recognised in other comprehensive income. Disclosure of fair value of plan assets [text block] Summary of Fair Value of Plan Assets Disclosure of Fair Value of Plan Assets by quoted and no quoted market price explanatory Summary of Quoted and Non Quoted Market Price Disclosure of fair value of plan assets by quoted and non-quoted market prices. Disclosure of Liquidity Profile Of Plan Assets Explanatory [text block] Summary of Liquidity Profile of UK Group Plan Assets Disclosure of liquidity profile. Disclosure Of Changes In Values Of Plan Assets And Liabilities Of Retirement Benefit Plans Explanatory [text block] Summary of Changes in Values of Plan Assets and Liabilities Tabular disclosure of changes in values of plan assets and liabilities of retirement benefit plans. Disclosure Of Changes In Values Of Post Retirement Medical Benefit Plans [text block] Summary of Changes in Value of US PRMB Disclosure of changes in values of post-retirement medical benefit plans. Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [text block] Summary of Effect Percentage of Discount Rate Increase (Decrease) on Defined Benefit Obligation and Total Pension Expense Disclosure Of Members In The Group Plan Summary of Defined Plan Analysis Disclosure of members in the group plan. Explanation of effect of share-based payments on entity's profit or loss [text block] Summary of Charges in Income Statement in Respect of Equity-settled Share-based Payment Plans Disclosure of number and weighted average exercise prices of other equity instruments [text block] Summary of Weighted Average Estimated Fair Values Disclosure of classes of share capital [text block] Summary of Share Capital and Share Premium Disclosure of changes in treasury shares [text block] Schedule of Treasury Shares Disclosure of changes in treasury shares. Disclosure Of Other Comprehensive Income explanatory Schedule of Other Comprehensive Income Disclosure of other comprehensive income. Disclosure Of Cash Flows From Business Combinations [text block] Schedule of Cash Flow on Acquisitions The disclosure of cash flows from business combinations. Disclosure of detailed information about business combination [text block] Schedule of the Assets Acquired, and the Associated Consideration Disclosure of detailed information about disposals [text block] Schedule of Disposals Including Business Closures The disclosure of detailed information about disposals. Disclosure of detailed information of cash flow statement proceeds from sale of property plant and equipment explanatory [text block] Summary of Proceeds from Sale of Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure of detailed information of cash flow statement proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment. Disclosure Movements Of Current And Non Current Financial Liabilities [Text block] Summary of Current and Non-current Borrowings Disclosure movements of current and non current financial liabilities. Disclosure of additional information about leasing activities for lessee [text block] Summary of information about leases in income statement Disclosure of additional information about leasing activities for lessor [text block] Summary of information about leases of lessor in income statement Explanation of significant changes in net investment in finance lease [text block] Summary of detailed information about undiscounted lease payments to be received after the reporting date Disclosure Of Maturity Analysis Of Lease Liabilities [Table Text Block] Summary of maturities of operating lease payments Disclosure of maturity analysis of lease liabilities. Disclosure Of Cash Flow Information About Leasing Activities For Lessee Explanatory [Table Text Block] Summary of information about leases in cash flow statement Disclosure of cash flow information about leasing activities for lessee explanatory. Disclosure Of Cash Flow Information About Leasing Activities For Lessor Explanatory [Table Text Block] Summary of information about leases of lessor in cash flow statement Disclosure of cash flow information about leasing activities for lessor explanatory. Disclosure Of Information About Related Parties Summary of Key Management Personnel Compensation Disclosure of information about related parties. Disclosure In Tabular Form of Subsidiary Companies Exempt From Audit [Table Text Block] Summary of of individual financial statements of the company Disclosure in tabular form of subsidiary companies exempt from audit [Text block]. Disclosure of summary of significant accounting policies [abstract] Disclosure of summary of significant accounting policies [abstract] Disclosure of summary of significant accounting policies [abstract] Disclosure of summary of significant accounting policies [table] Disclosure of summary of significant accounting policies [table] Disclosure of summary of significant accounting policies [table] Classes of assets [axis] Classes of assets [axis] Classes of assets [domain] Assets [member] Platform Assets [Member] Platform assets. Classes of intangible assets other than goodwill [axis] Classes of intangible assets other than goodwill [axis] Classes of intangible assets other than goodwill [domain] Intangible assets other than goodwill [member] Computer software [member] Software [member] Internally developed software [member] Internally developed software [member] Internally developed software. Acquired Intangible Assets [member] Acquired intangible assets [member] Acquired intangible assets. Product development assets [Member] Product Development Assets [Member] Product development assets. Currency [Axis] Currency [Axis] All Currencies [Domain] All Currencies [Domain] United Kingdom, Pounds Sterling [member] Disclosure Of Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [line items] Disclosure of Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line items] Line items representing the disclosure of summary of significant accounting policies. Proportion of voting rights held in associate Percentage of voting rights held in associate Average foreign exchange rate Average foreign exchange rate Closing foreign exchange rate Year end foreign exchange rate Useful lives Or Amortization period of Intangible Assets Useful lives of intangible assets Useful lives or amortization period of intangible assets. Liquid Assets Liquid Assets Liquid Assets Total Borrowing Capacity On Revolving Credit Facility Total borrowing capacity on revolving credit facility Total borrowing capacity on revolving credit facility. Percentage Of Emision In Greenhouse Gas in 2050 Percentage of emision in greenhouse gas in 2050 Percentage of emision in greenhouse gas in 2050. Percentage Of Emision In Greenhouse Gas In 2030 Percentage of emision in greenhouse gas in 2030 Percentage of emision in greenhouse gas in 2030. Impact on Reduction of operating profit for the period, Percent Impact on Reduction of operating profit for the period, Percent Impact on reduction of operating profit for the period, Percent. Methods of generation [axis] Methods of generation [axis] Methods of generation [domain] Methods of generation [member] New IFRSs [axis] New IFRSs [axis] New IFRSs [domain] New IFRSs [member] Range [Axis] Range [axis] Range [domain] Ranges [member] Bottom of range [member] Bottom of range [member] Top of range [member] Top of range [member] Borrowings by name [axis] Borrowings by name [axis] Borrowings by name [domain] Borrowings by name [member] Revolving credits facility [Member] Revolving credit facility [Member] Revolving credit facility [member]. Non-adjusting events after reporting period [axis] Non-adjusting events after reporting period [axis] Non-adjusting events after reporting period [domain] Non-adjusting events after reporting period [member] Subsidiaries [axis] Subsidiaries [axis] Subsidiaries [domain] Entity's total for subsidiaries [member] Business combinations [axis] Business combinations [axis] Business combinations [domain] Entity's total for business combinations [member] Scenario [Axis] Scenario [Domain] severe but plausible scenario [Member] severe but plausible scenario [Member] severe but plausible scenario. Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [table] Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [table] Classes of property, plant and equipment [axis] Classes of property, plant and equipment [axis] Classes of property, plant and equipment [domain] Property, plant and equipment [member] Freehold buildings [member] Buildings (freehold) [member] Freehold buildings. Leasehold Buildings [member] Buildings (leasehold) [member] Leasehold buildings. Plant and equipment [member] Plant and equipment [member] Plant and equipment. Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [line items] Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [line items] Property Plant and Equipment Estimated Useful Life Estimated useful lives The estimated useful life of property, plant and equipment. Useful Lives Or Depreciation Assets At Cost Estimated useful lives Useful lives or depreciation assets at cost. Disclosure of operating segments [abstract] Disclosure of operating segments [table] Disclosure of operating segments [table] Disclosure of operating segments [line items] Disclosure of operating segments [line items] Adjusted Operating Profit Loss Adjusted operating profit Adjusted operating profit loss. Expense of restructuring activities Cost of major reorganisation Expense of restructuring activities Depreciation, amortisation and impairment loss (reversal of impairment loss) recognised in profit or loss Intangible charges Intangible amortization charges Profit (loss) from continuing operations Profit for the year Earnings for the year Impairment Loss Recognised In Profit Or Loss Product development Product development impairment Product development impairment Impairment loss recognised In profit or loss Ppoduct development . Property Charges Property charges Property charges. Post-employment benefit expense in profit or loss UK Pension discretionary increases Segment consolidation items [axis] Segment consolidation items [axis] Segment consolidation items [domain] Entity's total for segment consolidation items [member] Operating Segments [Member] Operating segments [member] Operating Segments [Member] Segments [axis] Segments [axis] Segments [domain] Segments [member] Assessments And Qualifications [Member] Assessment & Qualifications [member] Assessments and qualifications. Virtual Learning [Member] Virtual Learning [member] Virtual Learning [Member] Virtual learning. English Language Learning [Member] English Language Learning [member] English Language Learning [Member] English language learning. Higher Education [Member] Higher Education [member] Higher education. Strategic Review [Member] Strategic Review [member] Strategic review . Enterprise Learning and Skills [Member] Enterprise Learning & Skills [member] Enterprise Learning & Skills [member] Associates [axis] Associates [axis] Associates [domain] Entity's total for associates [member] Continuing and Discontinued Operation [Axis] Continuing and discontinued operation [Axis] Continuing and discontinued operation. Continuing and Discontinued Operation [Domain] Continuing and discontinued operation [Domain] Continuing and discontinued operation. Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale [axis] Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale [axis] Assets and liabilities not classified as held for sale [member] Assets and liabilities not classified as held for sale [member] Classes of intangible assets and goodwill [axis] Classes of intangible assets and goodwill [axis] Classes of intangible assets and goodwill [domain] Intangible assets and goodwill [member] Amortisation expense Amortisation Restructuring And Related Cost Incurred Cost of major restructuring incurred Restructuring and related cost incurred. Impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, intangible assets and goodwill Impairment of intangible assets Reversal of impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, investment property Reversals of impairments Adjusted Operating Profit Adjusted operating profit Adjusted operating profit. Impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, investment property Impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, investment property Elimination of intersegment amounts [member] Inter-segment amounts [member] Enterprise Learning And Workforce Skills [Member] Enterprise Learning & Workforce Skills [Member] Revision of Prior Period [Axis] Revision of Prior Period [Domain] Summary Of Other Segment Disclosure [Abstract] Summary Of Other segment disclosures. Summary Of Other Segment Disclosures [Table] Other segment disclosures. Summary Of Other Segment Disclosures. [Line Items] Summary of other segment disclosures. All other segments [member] Products and services [axis] Products and services [axis] Products and services [domain] Products and services [member] Disclosure of geographical areas [abstract] Disclosure of geographical areas [table] Disclosure of geographical areas [table] Disclosure of geographical areas [line items] Disclosure of geographical areas [line items] Non-current assets other than financial instruments, deferred tax assets, post-employment benefit assets, and rights arising under insurance contracts Non-current assets Geographical areas [axis] Geographical areas [axis] Geographical areas [domain] Geographical areas [member] UNITED KINGDOM UK [member] Other European Countries [member] Other European countries [member] Other European countries. UNITED STATES US [member] US [member] CANADA Canada [member] Asia Pacific [Member] Asia Pacific [member] Other Countries [member] Other countries [member] Other countries. Continuing operation [member] Continuing operation [member] Continuing operation. Receivables from contracts with customers [abstract] Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [table] Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [table] Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items] Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items] Sales channels [axis] Sales channels [axis] Sales channels [domain] Sales channels [member] Services [member] Services [member] Services. Print [Member] Print. Software [Member] Software. Disclosure of transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations [abstract] Liability For Sales Returns Liability for sales return Liability for sales returns. Remaining Transaction Price Is Expected To Be Recognised As Revenue During Year Thereafter Remaining transaction price during thereafter Remaining transaction price is expected to be recognised as revenue during year thereafter. Remaining Transaction Price Is Expected To Be Recognised As Revenue During Year Two Remaining transaction price during 2027 Remaining transaction price is expected to be recognised as revenue during year two. Deferred Income Classified As Balance Sheet Deferred income Deferred income classified as balance sheet. Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations Transaction price allocated Remaining Transaction Price Is Expected To Be Recognised As Revenue During Year One Remaining transaction price during 2026 Remaining transaction price is expected to be recognised as revenue during year one. Income Statements Location [Axis] Income statements location. Income Statements Location [Domain] Income statements location. Contract duration [axis] Contract duration [domain] Performance obligations [axis] Performance obligations [domain] Operating Expenses 1 [abstract] Operating expenses 1. Distribution costs Distribution costs Selling Marketing And Product Development Costs Selling, marketing and product development costs Selling marketing and product development costs. Administrative And Other Expenses Administrative and other expenses Administrative and other expenses. Restructuring costs1 Reorganisation costs Restructuring costs. Other Income Other income Operating expense Total Operating Expense [table] Operating Expense [table] Schedule of operating expense . Operating Expense [Line items] Operating expense [line items] Operating expense line items. Research and Development Expense Research and efficacy costs Auditor's remuneration for other services Total other services Reversal of impairment loss Adjustments for impairment loss (reversal of impairment loss) recognised in profit or loss, property, plant and equipment Adjustments for impairment loss (reversal of impairment loss) recognised in profit or loss, property, plant and equipment Impairment of financial assets [axis] Impairment of financial assets [domain] Classification of assets as held for sale [member] Restructuring Costs [axis] Restructuring costs. Restructuring Costs [domain] Restructuring Costs [domain] Severance and Impairment of RightofUse Property Assets [Member] Severance and Impairment of RightofUse Property Assets [Member] Severance and impairment of right-of-use property assets. Expenses by nature [abstract] Expense By Nature [table] Expense By Nature [table] This table concepts are used to disclose the amount of expenses aggregated according to their nature (for example, depreciation, purchases of materials, transport costs, employee benefits and advertising costs), and not reallocated among functions within the entity. Production Development Assets [Member] Product development [member] Production development assets. Other Intangible Assets [Member] Other [member] Other intangibles acquired [member] Other acquired intangibles [member] Expense by Nature [line items] Expense by nature [line items] Line items represent concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose the amount of expenses aggregated according to their nature (for example, depreciation, purchases of materials, transport costs, employee benefits and advertising costs), and not reallocated among functions within the entity. Royalty Expense Royalties expensed Other product costs Other product costs Other product costs. Employee benefits expense Employee benefit expense Total Contract Labour Contract labour Contract labour. Employee related expense Employee-related expense Employee related expense. Sales and marketing expense Promotional costs Property And Facilities Costs Property and facilities Property and facilities costs. Technology and communications expense Technology and communications Technology and communications expense. Professional fees expense Professional and outsourced services Other General And Administrative Expenses Other general and administrative costs Other general and administrative expenses. Costs capitalised to intangible assets Costs capitalised Costs capitalised to intangible assets. Amortization And Impairment Of Intangible Assets Other Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets Amortization and impairment of intangible assets other. Depreciation And Impairment Of Property Plant And Equipment And Investment Property And Assets Held For Sale Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment and investment property and assets held for sale Depreciation and impairment of property plant and equipment and investment property and assets held for sale. Auditor's remuneration [abstract] Auditors Remuneration [table] Auditors Remuneration [table] Auditors Remuneration [table] Auditors Remuneration [line items] Auditors Remuneration [line items] Auditors Remuneration [line items] Auditor's remuneration for audit services Total audit fees Group audit fees including fees for attestation under section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Auditor's remuneration for audit related and other assurance services Audit-related and other assurance services Auditor's remuneration for audit related and other assurance services Auditors Remuneration For Other NonAudit Servicess Other non-audit services Auditors remuneration for other nonaudit services. Auditors Remuneration For Non Audit Services Total non-audit services Non-audit fees Total fees paid as non audit fees to auditors for services. Auditor's remuneration Total Parent [Member] Parent [member] Subsidiaries [Member] Subsidiaries [member] Classes of employee benefits expense [abstract] Short-term employee benefits expense [abstract] Employee benefit expense Wages and salaries Wages and salaries (including termination costs) Social security contributions Social security costs Expense from share-based payment transactions with employees Share-based payment costs Expense from share-based payment transactions with employees Expense from share-based payment transactions with employees Post-employment benefit expense, defined contribution plans Retirement benefits - defined contribution plans Post-employment benefit expense, defined benefit plans Retirement benefits - defined benefit plans Number and average number of employees [abstract] Disclosure of number of employees [table] Disclosure of number of employees [table] Disclosure of number of employees [table] Disclosure of number of employees [line items] Disclosure of number of employees [line items] Disclosure of number of employees [line items] Average number of employees Average number of employees UK [Member] UK [member] Business combinations [member] Business combinations [member] Business combinations [member] Finance income and cost expense [abstract] Finance income and cost expense. Disclosure Of Finance Income And Costs [table] Disclosure Of Finance Income And Costs [Table] Disclosure of finance income and costs. Derivative Instrument [axis] Derivative Instrument [axis] Derivative instrument. Derivative Instrument [domain] Derivative Instrument [domain] Type of derivative instrument. Disclosure Of Finance Income And Costs [line items] Disclosure of finance income and costs [line items] Disclosure of finance income and costs. Interest expense on Financial liabilities at amortised cost and associated derivatives Interest payable on financial liabilities at amortised cost and associated derivatives Interest expense on Financial liabilities at amortised cost and associated derivatives. Net foreign exchange loss Net foreign exchange losses Interest revenue for financial assets measured at amortised cost Interest receivable on financial assets at amortised cost Net finance income on retirement benefits Net finance income in respect of retirement benefits Net finance income on retirement benefits. Net foreign exchange gain Net foreign exchange gains Finance income (cost) Net finance costs Interest expense on lease liabilities Interest on lease liabilities Interest On Lease Receivables Interest on lease receivables Interest on lease receivables Interest on lease receivables. Fair Value Movements On Investments Held At Fair Value Finance Costs Fair value movements on investments held at fair value Fair value movements on investments held at fair value finance costs. Fair Value Movements On Investments Held At Fair Value Finance Income Fair value movements on investments held at fair value Fair value movements on investments held at fair value finance income. Fair Value Of Movement Of Derivatives Finance Income Fair value movement on derivatives Fair value of movement of derivatives finance income. Interest Income On Provision For Uncertain Tax Positions Interest on provisions for uncertain tax positions Interest income on provision for uncertain tax positions. Fair Value Of Movement Of Derivatives Finance Costs Fair value movement on derivatives Fair value of movement of derivatives finance costs. Interest Expense On Tax Provision For Uncertain Tax Positions Interest on provisions for uncertain tax positions Interest expense on tax provision for uncertain tax positions. Interest Expense on Deferred and Contingent Consideration Interest on deferred and contingent consideration Interest expense on deferred and contingent consideration. Major components of tax expense (income) [abstract] Deferred tax expense (income) [abstract] Deferred tax Deferred tax expense (income) relating to origination and reversal of temporary differences In respect of temporary differences Other components of deferred tax expense (income) Other adjustments in respect of prior years Deferred tax expense (income) Total deferred tax charge Current tax expense (income) Charge in respect of current year Adjustments for current tax of prior periods Adjustments in respect of prior years Current tax expense (income) and adjustments for current tax of prior periods Total current tax charge Reconciliation of accounting profit multiplied by applicable tax rates [abstract] Reconciliation Of Effective Tax Rate [table] Reconciliation Of Effective Tax Rate [table] Reconciliation Of Effective Tax Rate [table] Overseas [member] Overseas [member] Overseas. Reconciliation Of Effective Tax Rate [line items] Reconciliation of Effective Tax Rate [Line Items] Reconciliation Of Effective Tax Rate [line items] Tax expense (income) at applicable tax rate Tax calculated at UK rate (2025: 25%; 2024: 25%; 2023: 23.5%) Tax effect of foreign tax rates Effect of overseas tax rates Tax effect of net income (expense) not subject to tax Net (expense)/income not subject to tax Tax effect of net income(expense) not subject to tax. Gains and losses on sale of businesses not subject to tax Gains and losses on sale of businesses not subject to tax Gains and losses on sale of businesses not subject to tax. Unrecognised tax losses effect on tax charge/credit Unrecognised tax losses Unrecognised tax losses effect on tax charge/credit. Tax effect of prior year adjustments Other prior year adjustments Tax effect of prior year adjustments. Average effective tax rate Tax rate reflected in earnings Tax effect from change in tax rate Effect of UK rate change State Aid Provision Release State Aid provision release. Tax effect of prior year adjustments movement in provisions for tax uncertainties Movement in provisions for tax uncertainties – prior years Tax effect of prior year adjustments movement in provisions for tax uncertainties. Tax rate effect of adjustments for movement in provisions for tax uncertainties current year Movement in provisions for tax uncertainties – current year Tax rate effect of adjustments for movement in provisions for tax uncertainties current year. Applicable tax rate Applicable tax rate Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive income [abstract] Income tax relating to fair value gain on other financial assets of other comprehensive income Fair value gains on other financial assets Income tax relating to fair value gain on other financial assets of other comprehensive income Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive income Tax benefit/(charge) recognised in other comprehensive income Tax charge in other comprehensive income Income tax [abstract] Income tax [abstract]. Income tax [table] Income tax [table] Income tax [table] Income tax [line items] Income tax [line items] Income tax. Current tax liabilities, current Current tax liability Current Tax Provisions Current Tax Provisions The amount of current tax provisions other than provisions. Provision For Tax Uncertainties Provision for tax uncertainties. Net deferred tax liabilities Net deferred income tax assets/(liabilities) Interest on tax receivable Interest on tax receivable. Tax Refund Receivable. Tax refund receivable. Remining Current Tax Provisions Remining current tax provisions The amount of remining current tax provisions. Income Tax Examination, Amount under Examination Income Tax Examination, Amount under Examination Income tax examination, amount under examination. Tax year [axis] Tax year [axis] Tax year [axis] Tax Year [domain] Tax Year [domain] Tax Year [domain] Two thousand nineteen tax year [member] 2019 tax year [member] Two thousand nineteen tax year [member] Two Thousand Twenty Tax year [Member] 2020 tax year [member] Two Thousand Twenty One Tax Year [Member] 2021 tax year [member] Two Thousand Twenty One Tax Year. Two Thousand Twenty Five Tax Year [Member] 2025 tax year [member] Two thousand twenty five tax year. Two Thousand Twenty Four Tax Year [Member] 2024 tax year [member] Two Thousand Twenty Three Tax Year [Member] 2023 tax year [member] Two thousand twenty three tax year member. Two Thousand Twenty Two Tax Year [Member] 2022 tax year [member] Two thousand twenty two tax year member. Two Thousand Seventeen And Earlier Tax Year [Member] Two Thousand Seventeen And Earlier Tax Year [Member] Two thousand seventeen and earlier tax year member. Classes of other provisions [axis] Classes of other provisions [axis] Classes of other provisions [domain] Other provisions [member] Applicable Statute [Axis] Applicable Statute [axis] Applicable statute axis. Applicable Statute [Member] Applicable Statute [member] Applicable statute member. Period Of Applicability [Axis] Period Of Applicability [axis] Period of applicability axis. Period Of Applicability [Member] Period Of Applicability [member] Period of applicability member. Geographical [Axis] Geographical [Domain] Event [Axis] Event. Event [Member] Event. Earnings per share [abstract] Basic earnings per share [abstract] Earnings per share (in pence per share) Basic earnings (loss) per share Basic Diluted earnings (loss) per share Diluted Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding Weighted average number of shares (millions) Dilutive effect of share options on number of ordinary shares Effect of dilutive share options (millions) Adjusted weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding Weighted average number of shares (millions) for diluted earnings Disclosure of Dividends [abstract] Disclosure of dividends. Disclosure of Dividends [table] Disclosure of Dividends [table] Disclosure of dividends. Report Date [Axis] Creation date [axis] Financial Statement Filing Date [Domain] Default financial statements date [member] Final dividend [member] Final dividend [member] Final dividend. Interim dividend [member] Interim dividend [member] Interim dividend. Disclosure of Dividends [line items] Disclosure of dividends [line items] Disclosure of dividends. Dividends paid, ordinary shares Dividends paid Dividends paid, ordinary shares per share Dividends paid per share Proposed dividends per share Dividends proposed per share Proposed dividends per share. Dividends proposed estimated effect on shareholders' funds Dividends proposed estimated effect on shareholders' funds Dividends proposed estimated effect on shareholders' funds. Dividend Payable Date To Be Paid Divideds payable date to be paid Divideds payable date to be paid. Dividend Payable Record Date Dividend payable record date Dividend payable record date. Carrying amount, accumulated depreciation, amortisation and impairment and gross carrying amount [axis] Carrying amount, accumulated depreciation, amortisation and impairment and gross carrying amount [axis] Carrying amount [member] Carrying amount [member] Gross carrying amount [member] Cost [member] Carrying value [member] Accumulated depreciation and amortisation [member] Depreciation [member] Land and buildings [member] Land and buildings [member] Construction in Progress [Member] Assets in course of construction [member] Right-of-use assets [member] Right-of-use assets [member] Investment property [member] Investment property [member] Reversal Of Impairment Loss Recognised In Profit Or Loss Property Plant And Equipment And Investment Property Reversal of impairment/(impairment) Reversal of impairment loss recognised in profit or loss property plant and equipment and investment property. Property Plant and Equipment and Investment Charge During Period Charge for the year Charge for the year. Property Plant and Equipment and Investment Property Ending Balance Beginning Balance Property plant and equipment and investment property. Property Plant And Equipment And Investment Property Reclassifications And Transfers Reclassifications and transfers Property plant and equipment and investment property reclassifications and transfers. Property Plant and Equipment and Investment Property Disposals and retirements Disposals and retirements Property plant and equipment and investment property disposals and retirements. Property Plant and Equipment and Investment Property Additions Additions Property plant and equipment and investment property additions. Property Plant and Equipment and Investment Property Exchange Differences Exchange differences Property plant and equipment and investment property exchange differences. Owned Assets [Member] Owned assets [member] Owned assets. Depreciation expense Depreciation expense Disposals, property, plant and equipment Disposals, property, plant and equipment Net book amount Property, plant and equipment, gross carrying amount of fully depreciated assets still in use Property, plant and equipment, gross carrying amount of fully depreciated assets still in use Reversal Of Impairment Loss Recognised In Profit Or Loss Property Plant And Equipments Reversal of Impairment Reversal of impairment loss recognised in profit or loss property plant and equipments. Additions to right-of-use assets Additions to right of use assets Rental income from investment property Rental income from investment property Consolidated and Separate Financial Statement [Axis] Consolidated and separate financial statement [Axis] Consolidated and separate financial statement. Consolidated and Separate Financial Statement [Domain] Consolidated and separate financial statement [Domain] Consolidated and separate financial statement. Cost of Goods Sold [member] Cost of goods sold [member] Cost of Goods Sold [member] Operating expenses [Member] Operating expense [member] Operating expenses. Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets [axis] Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets [domain] Property, plant and equipment [member] Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [abstract] Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [table] Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [table] Goodwill [Member] Goodwill [member] Customer-Related Intangible Assets [Member] Acquired customer lists, contracts and relationships [member] Brand names [member] Acquired trademarks and brands [member] Acquired publishing rights [member] Acquired publishing rights [member] Acquired publishing rights. Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items] Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items] Increase (decrease) through net exchange differences, intangible assets and goodwill Exchange differences Additions other than through business combinations, intangible assets other than goodwill Additions Amortisation, intangible assets other than goodwill Charge for the year Amortisation expense Disposals, intangible assets and goodwill Disposals and retirements Increase (decrease) through transfers, intangible assets and goodwill Transfers Acquisitions through business combinations, intangible assets other than goodwill Acquisition through business combination Internally generated [member] Internally generated [member] Not internally generated [member] Not internally generated [member] Disclosure of detailed information about intangible assets [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about intangible assets [table] Disclosure of detailed information about intangible assets [table] Disclosure of detailed information about intangible assets [line items] Disclosure of detailed information about intangible assets [line items] Description of valuation techniques used to measure fair value less costs of disposal Description of valuation techniques used to measure fair value less costs of disposal Growth rate used to extrapolate cash flow projections CGU growth rate Perpetuity growth rate, percentage Perpetuity growth rate Perpetuity growth rate, percentage. Description of management's approach to determining values assigned to key assumptions Description of management's approach to determining values assigned to key assumptions Impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, intangible assets other than goodwill Impairment Percentage of Pre Tax Discount Rate Pretax discount rate Percentage of pre tax discount rate. Headroom Eliminated If Discount Rate Increases Headroom Eliminated If Discount Rate Increases Headroom Eliminated If Discount Rate Increases Headroom In Impairment Test Headroom In Impairment Test Headroom In Impairment Test Transfer of Goodwill Transfer of goodwill Transfer of goodwill. Attribution of expenses by nature to their function [axis] Attribution of expenses by nature to their function [domain] Cost of sales [member] Individual assets or cash-generating units [axis] Individual assets or cash-generating units [axis] Individual assets or cash-generating units [domain] Entity's total for individual assets or cash-generating units [member] Enterprise Learning Skills [Member] Enterprise Learning & Skills Acquired intangible assets Acquired intangible assets are included within non-current Intangible assets Acquired intangible assets. Maturity [axis] Maturity [axis] Maturity [domain] Aggregated time bands [member] Later than one year and not later than five years [member] One to five years [member] One to five years [member] Later than five years and not later than ten years [member] Six to ten years [member] Later than fifteen years and not later than twenty years [member] Eleven to fifteen years [member] Later than ten years and not later than fifteen years [member] Sixteen to twenty years [member] Intangible Assets Other than Goodwill Estimated Useful Life Useful life of intangible assets Intangible assets other than goodwill estimated useful life. Goodwill Goodwill Assessment And Qualifications [Member] Assessment & Qualifications [Member] Assessment & Qualifications. Carrying Value Of Goodwill [Abstract] Disclosure of Detailed Information About In Carrying Value Of Goodwill [Table] Disclosure of Detailed Information About In Carrying Value Of Goodwill [Line Items] Discount rate used in current measurement of fair value less costs of disposal Discount rate Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates [abstract] Investments in associates Associates Investments in associates reported in separate financial statements Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates Total Investments In Associates And Joint Ventures [table] Investments In Associates And Joint Ventures [table] Investments In Associates And Joint Ventures [table] Investments In Associates And Joint Ventures [line items] Investments in associates and joint ventures [line items] Investments in associates and joint ventures. Proportion of ownership interest in associate Gains on disposals of investments Cumulative gain on disposal financial statements Proceeds from sales of interests in associates Proceeds from sales of interests in associates The Egyptian International Publishing CompanyLongman [Member] The Egyptian International Publishing Company-Longman Academy of Pop [Member] Academy of pop. Deferred tax assets and liabilities [abstract] Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [table] Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [table] Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [line items] Deductible temporary differences for which no deferred tax asset is recognised Deductible temporary differences for which no deferred tax asset is recognised Accruals and Other Provision Accruals and other provision. Other Unrecognised Tax Losses Tax Effect Other unrecognised tax losses Tax effect Other unrecognised tax losses tax effect. Other Unrecognised Tax Losses Other unrecognised tax losses Other unrecognised tax losses. Deferred tax liability (asset) Deferred tax liability (asset) Net deferred income tax liability Beginning balance Ending balance Unused tax losses for which no deferred tax asset recognised Gross Amount Temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [axis] Temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [axis] Temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [domain] Temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [member] Trading losses [member] Trading losses [member] Trading losses. Other temporary differences [member] Other [member] Other Temporary Differences accelerated capital allowances [Member] Other temporary differences accelerated capital allowances. Other Temporary Differences right of use assets deferred tax liability [Member] Other temporary differences right of use assets deferred tax liability. Other Temporary Differences right of use assets deferred tax asset [Member] Other temporary differences right of use assets deferred tax asset Temporary Differences Associated with Subsidiaries [Member] Temporary Differences Associated with Subsidiaries [Member] Temporary differences associated with subsidiaries. Temporary Differences Interest Limitations [Member] Temporary Differences Interest Limitations [Member] Temporary differences interest limitations. Disclosure Of Detailed Information About Unrecognised Tax Losses [Table] Disclosure of detailed information about unrecognised tax losses. Other Regions [Member] Other [Member] Other regions Disclosure Of Detailed Information About Unrecognised Tax Losses [Line Items] Disclosure of Detailed Information About Unrecognised Tax Losses [line Items] isclosure of detailed information about unrecognised tax losses. Tax benefit arising from previously unrecognised tax loss, tax credit or temporary difference of prior period used to reduce deferred tax expense Tax Effected With IN Ten years [Member] Within 10 years [member] With in Ten years. Within Twenty Years [Member] Within 20 years [member] Within twenty years. Indefinite Period [Member] Available indefinitely [member] Indefinite period. Reconciliation of changes in deferred tax liability (asset) [abstract] Assets and liabilities [axis] Assets and liabilities [axis] Assets and liabilities [domain] Assets and liabilities [member] Deferred Income Tax Assets Liabilities [Member] Deferred income tax assets/ (liabilities) [member] Deferred tax assets/(liabilites).. Increase (decrease) through net exchange differences, deferred tax liability (asset) Exchange differences Deferred tax expense (income) recognised in profit or loss Income statement benefit/(charge) Increase Decrease Through Acquisitions and DisposalsDeferredTax Liability Asset Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries Increase decrease through acquisitions and disposals deferred tax liability asset. Accruals And Other Provisions [Member] Accruals and other provisions [member] Accruals and other provisions. Retirement Benefit Obligations [member] Retirement benefit obligations [member] Retirement benefit obligations. Deferred revenue [member] Deferred revenue [member] Deferred revenue. Goodwill and intangible assets [member] Goodwill and intangibles [member] Goodwill and intangible assets member. Interest Limitations [Member] Interest limitations [member] Interest Limitations. Disclosure of financial assets [abstract] Disclosure of financial assets [table] Disclosure of financial assets [table] Categories of financial assets [axis] Categories of financial assets [axis] Categories of financial assets [domain] Financial assets, category [member] Fair Value In Other Comprehensive Income [Member] FVOCI [member] Fair value in other comprehensive income. FVTPL [member] FVTPL [member] FVTPL. Fair Value Of Hedging Instrument [member] Fair value - hedging instrument [member] Fair value of hedging instrument. Classes of financial assets [domain] Financial assets, class [member] Classes of financial assets [axis] Classes of financial assets [axis] Financial assets at fair value, class [member] Financial assets at fair value [member] Financial assets at amortised cost, class [member] Financial assets at amortised cost [member] Classes of financial instruments [axis] Classes of financial instruments [axis] Classes of financial instruments [domain] Financial instruments, class [member] Investments In Unlisted Securities [member] Investments in listed and unlisted securities [member] Investments in unlisted securities [member] Investments in unlisted securities. Cash and Cash Equivalent [member] Cash and cash equivalents [member] Cash and cash equivalent. Derivative financial instruments [member] Derivative financial instruments [member] Derivative financial instruments. Trade receivables [member] Trade receivables [member] Other Receivable [Member] Other receivable [member] Other receivable. Investment In Finance Lease Receivable [Member] Investment in finance lease receivable [member] Investment in finance lease receivable. Contract Assets Unbilled [Member] Contract assets - unbilled [member] Contract Assets Unbilled. Disclosure of financial assets [line items] Disclosure of financial assets [line items] Financial assets Financial assets Disclosure of financial liabilities [abstract] Disclosure of financial liabilities [table] Disclosure of financial liabilities [table] Categories of financial liabilities [axis] Categories of financial liabilities [axis] Categories of financial liabilities [domain] Financial liabilities, category [member] Financial Liabilities Derivatives In Hedging Relationship [member] Financial liabilities derivatives in hedging relationship [member] Financial liabilities derivatives in hedging relationship. Other Financial Liablity [member] Other Financial Liability [member] Other Financial Liablity [member] Investments In Unlisted Instruments [Member] Derivative financial instruments [member] Investments in unlisted instruments. Trade Payables [member] Trade payables [member] Trade Payables. Borrowings 1 [member] Borrowings [member] Borrowings. Deferred And Contingent Consideration [Member] Deferred and contingent consideration [member] Deferred and contingent consideration [Member] Classes of financial liabilities [axis] Classes of financial liabilities [axis] Classes of financial liabilities [domain] Financial liabilities, class [member] Financial liabilities at fair value, class [member] Financial liabilities at fair value [member] Financial liabilities at amortised cost, class [member] Financial liabilities at amortised cost [member] Disclosure of financial liabilities [line items] Disclosure of financial liabilities [line items] Financial liabilities Financial liabilities Financial liabilities, at fair value Total market value Total market value for financial liabilities At 1 January At 31 December Not later than one year [member] In less than one year [member] Less than one year [Member] Later than one year [member] More than 12 months past due date [member] Listed Securities [Member] Listed Securities. Derivative financial assets Derivative assets Assets Derivative financial liabilities Derivative liabilities Liabilities Bonds issued Group Bonds Carrying Amount Of Investment Carrying Amount Of Investment Transfers out of Level 3 of fair value hierarchy, assets Transfers out of Level 3 of fair value hierarchy, assets Reclassification out of level 3 Financial assets, at fair value Financial assets, at fair value Contingent Consideration Receivable As A Percentage Of Proceeds Received By The Purchaser In Relation To Any Future Monetization Event Contingent consideration receivable as a percentage of proceeds received by the purchaser in relation to any future monetization event Contingent consideration receivable as a percentage of proceeds received by the purchaser in relation to any future monetization event. Contingent Consideration Receivable As A Percentage Of Positive Adjusted Earnings Before Interest Tax Depreciation And Amortization Contingent consideration receivable as a percentage of positive adjusted earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortization Contingent consideration receivable as a percentage of positive adjusted earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortization. Other receivables Other receivables Estimated financial effect of contingent assets Contingent consideration receivable on the disposal of business Levels of fair value hierarchy [axis] Levels of fair value hierarchy [axis] Levels of fair value hierarchy [domain] All levels of fair value hierarchy [member] Level 2 of fair value hierarchy [member] Level 2 of fair value hierarchy [member] Level 3 of fair value hierarchy [member] Level 3 of fair value hierarchy [member] Level 1 of fair value hierarchy [member] Level 1 of fair value hierarchy [member] Scenario 1 [Axis] Scenario [Axis] Scenario 1. Scenario 1 [Domain] Scenario [member] Scenario 1. Money Market Fund [Member] Money market funds [member] Other Receivables Related To Escrow Account [Member] Other Receivables Related To Escrow Account Period [Axis] Period [Member] Period [member] Six Years [Member] Six Years [member] Six years. Pearson Online Learning Services [Member] Pearson Online Learning Services. Increase (decrease) in financial assets [abstract] Increase (decrease) through foreign exchange, financial assets Exchange differences Increase through origination or purchase, financial assets Acquisition of investments and other receivable Acquisition of investments Increase (decrease) through other movements, financial assets Fair value movements Settlements, fair value measurement, assets Repayments Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income, category [member] Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income, category [member] Fair value movements – OCI [member] Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, category [member] Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, category [member] Fair value movements – income statement [member] Disclosure of fair value measurement of liabilities [abstract] Disclosure of fair value measurement of liabilities [table] Contingent consideration [member] Deferred Consideration [member] Deferred consideration. Disclosure of fair value measurement of liabilities [line items] Gains (losses) recognised in profit or loss on exchange differences, fair value measurement, liabilities Exchange differences Purchases, fair value measurement, liabilities Acquisitions Gains (losses) recognised in profit or loss excluding exchange differences, fair value measurement, liabilities Fair value movements – Income statement Settlements, fair value measurement, liabilities Repayments Disposal of investments Disposal of investments Disposal of investments Disposal of investments. Investments In A Fund Required To Be Held At Fair Value Through Profit Or Loss [Member] Fair value through profit or loss [member] investments in a fund required to be held at fair value through profit or loss. Disclosure of detailed information about hedges [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about hedges [table] Disclosure of detailed information about hedges [table] Disclosure of detailed information about hedges [line items] Disclosure of detailed information about hedges [line items] Notional amount Gross notional amounts Nominal amount Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss because credit derivative is used to manage credit risk [axis] Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss because credit derivative is used to manage credit risk [axis] Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss because credit derivative is used to manage credit risk [domain] Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss because credit derivative is used to manage credit risk [member] Interest rate derivatives [member] Interest rate derivatives [member] Interest rate derivatives. Cross Currency Rate Derivatives [member] Cross currency rate derivatives [member] Cross currency rate derivatives. FX Derivatives [Member] FX derivatives [member] FX forwards and collars. Greater than five years [Member] Types of hedges [axis] Types of hedges [axis] Types of hedges [domain] Hedges [member] Fair value hedges [member] Fair value hedges [member] Not designated in hedging relationship [member] Not designated in hedging relationship [member] Not designated in hedging relationship. Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [table] Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [table] Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items] Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items] Reserve of gains and losses on hedging instruments that hedge investments in equity instruments Reserve Of Gains And Losses On Hedging Instruments Financial Instrument Designated As Hedging Instrument At Fair Value Financial instruments designated as hedging instruments, at fair value Financial instrument designated as hedging instrument at fair value. Gain Loss on Hedging Net movement on hedging instrument in fair value hedges Gain/Loss on hedging. Hedges of net investment in foreign operations [member] Hedges of net investment in foreign operations [member] Collars [Member] Forward And Swaps [Member] Types of interest rates [axis] Types of interest rates [axis] Types of interest rates [domain] Interest rate types [member] Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [table] Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [table] Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [line items] Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [line items] Hedging Instruments Assets Carrying amount of hedging instruments Hedging instruments assets. Gain (loss) on change in fair value of hedging instrument used as basis for recognising hedge ineffectiveness Change in fair value of hedging instrument used to determine hedge ineffectiveness Change in value of hedging instrument used to determine hedge ineffectiveness Nominal amount of hedging instruments Nominal amounts of hedging instruments Nominal amount of hedging instruments. Financial assets derivative instruments [member] Financial assets - derivative financial instruments [member] Financial assets derivative instruments. Types of risks [axis] Types of risks [axis] Types of risks [domain] Risks [member] Interest Rate Risk [Member] Derivative financial instruments for interest rate risk [member] Interest rate risk [member] Currency risk [member] Derivative financial instruments for currency risk [member] Currency risk [member] Disclosure of detailed information about hedged items [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about hedged items [table] Disclosure of detailed information about hedged items [table] Disclosure of detailed information about hedged items [line items] Hedged item, liabilities Carrying amount of hedged items Accumulated fair value hedge adjustment on hedged item included in carrying amount, liabilities Accumulated amount of fair value hedge adjustments on the hedged item included in the carrying amount Gain (loss) on change in fair value of hedged item used as basis for recognising hedge ineffectiveness Change in fair value of hedged item used to determine hedge ineffectiveness Gain (loss) on hedge ineffectiveness Hedge ineffectiveness Hedge ineffectiveness recognised in profit or loss Financial Liabilities Borrowings [member] Financial liabilities - borrowings [member] Financial liabilities borrowings. Carrying amount of hedging instruments Carrying amount of hedging instruments Carrying amount of hedging instruments. Gain (loss) on hedge ineffectiveness recognised in other comprehensive income Hedging gains/(losses) recognised in OCI Financial liabilities derivative instruments [member] Financial liabilities - derivative financial instruments [member] Financial liabilities derivative instruments. Disclosure Of Derivative Financial Asset And Liabilities Offsetting Arrangements [abstract] Disclosure of derivative financial asset and liabilities offsetting arrangements. Disclosure of Derivative Financial Asset and Liabilities Offsetting Arrangements [table] Disclosure of Derivative Financial Asset and Liabilities Offsetting Arrangements [table] Disclosure of Derivative Financial Asset and Liabilities Offsetting Arrangements [table] Counterparties [axis] Counterparties [axis] Counterparties [domain] Counterparties [member] Asset Position [member] Asset position [member] Asset position. Liability Position [member] Counterparties in a liability position [member] Liability position. Disclosure Of Derivative Financial Asset And Liabilities Offsetting Arrangements [line items] Disclosure of derivative financial asset and liabilities offsetting arrangements [line items] Line items representing derivative financial asset and liabilities offsetting arrangements line items. Gross financial assets subject to offsetting, enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements Gross derivative assets Gross financial liabilities set off against financial assets subject to offsetting, enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements Gross derivative liabilities Net financial assets subject to offsetting, enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements in statement of financial position Net derivative assets/ liabilities Gross financial assets set off against financial liabilities subject to offsetting, enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements Gross derivative assets Gross financial liabilities subject to offsetting, enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements Gross derivative liabilities Net Financial Assets Liabilities Subject To Offsetting Enforceable Master Netting Arrangements Or Similar Agreements In Statement Of Financial Position Net derivative assets/ liabilities Net financial assets liabilities subject to offsetting enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements in statement of financial position. Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract] Cash And Cash Equivalents [table] Cash And Cash Equivalents [table] Cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents1 [line items] Cash and cash equivalents [line items] Cash and cash equivalents1 [line items]. Cash Cash at bank and in hand Short-term deposits, classified as cash equivalents Short-term bank deposits Cash and cash equivalents including held for sale Total Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents including held for sale. Bank overdrafts Bank overdrafts Overdrafts Cash And Cash Equivalents Currency Split Percentage Cash and cash equivalents currency split Cash and cash equivalents currency split percentage. Net financial liabilities subject to offsetting, enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements Financial liabilities United States of America, Dollars US Dollars [member] Other Currency [Member] Other currency [member] Assets and Liabilities Classified as Held For Sales [Axis] Assets and liabilities classified as held for sales. Assets and Liabilities Classified as Held For Sales [Domain] Assets and liabilities classified as held for sales. Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [table] Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [table] One point three seven five euro notes two thousand twenty five [member] 1.375% Euro notes 2025 [member] One point three seven five Euro notes two thousand twenty five. Bank loans and overdrafts [member] Bank loans and overdrafts [member] Bank loans and overdrafts. Three Point Seven Five GBP Notes Two Thousand Thirty [Member] 3.75% GBP notes 2030 [member] Five Point Three Seven Five Percentage GBP Notes Two Thousand Thirty Four [Member] 5.375% GBP notes 2034 [member] Five point three seven five percentage GBP notes two thousand thirty four. Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items] Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items] Noncurrent Finance Leases Liabilities Finance lease liabilities Noncurrent finance leases liabilities. Current Finance Leases Liabilities Finance lease liabilities Current finance leases liabilities. Short-term Debt Current borrowings Borrowings Borrowings Borrowings Borrowings Line of Credit Facility Revolving Credit Facilities Borrowings line of credit facility. Borrowings, interest rate Borrowings, interest rate Borrowings interest rate Borrowings maturity year Borrowings, maturity year Borrowings maturity year. Non-current interest payable Accrued interest included in non-current borrowings Current interest payable Accrued interest included in current borrowings Undrawn borrowing facilities Undrawn borrowing capacity on revolving credit facility Undrawn borrowing capacity [Member] Undrawn borrowing capacity [member]. Five Point Three Seven Five Percentage GBP Notes Two Thousand Twenty Four [Member] 5.375% GBP notes 2024 [member] Later than one year and not later than two years [member] Later than one year and not later than two years [member] One to two years [member] Later than two years and not later than five years [member] Between two and five years [member] Later than five years [member] Later than five years [member] More than five years [member] Borrowings, effective interest rate Effective interest rate Borrowings, effective interest rate. Measurement [axis] Measurement [axis] Measurement [domain] Aggregated measurement [member] At fair value [member] Market value [member] Euro Member Countries, Euro Euro [member] Disclosure of net debt [abstract] Disclosure of net debt. Disclosure of net debt [table] Disclosure of net debt [table] Disclosure of net debt table. Disclosure Of Gross Debt [Line Items] Disclosure of gross debt [Line Items] Disclosure of gross debt. Principal currency exposure to net sales percentage Percentage of currency exposure to sales Principal currency exposure to net sales percentage. Cash And Cash Equivalents Net Of Overdrafts Cash and cash equivalents (excluding overdrafts) Cash and cash equivalents net of overdrafts. Trade payables current Trade payables Trade payables current. Concentration Risk Percentage For Cash And Cash Equivalents Held By Counter Parties Percentage of cash and cash equivalents held with counter parties Concentration risk percentage for cash and cash equivalents held by counter parties. Borrowing Facilities Amount Outstanding Outstanding drawing Borrowing facilities amount outstanding. Concentration Risk Percentage For Non Investment Grade Bank Counter Parties Percentage of non-investment grade bank counter parties Concentration risk percentage for non investment grade bank counter parties. Concentration Risk Percentage For Money Market Funds Percentage for AAA money market funds Concentration risk percentage for money market funds. Due in 2029 [Member] Fixed interest rate [member] Fixed interest rate [member] Floating interest rate [member] Floating interest rate [member] Bond [Member] Bonds [member] Bonds. Overdrafts [Member] Overdrafts [Member] Overdrafts member. Disclosure of net debt [line items] Disclosure of net debt [line items] Disclosure of net debt line items. Derivative Financial Assets Liabilities, Net Derivative financial instruments Derivative financial assets (liabilities), net. Net debt position on assets and (liabilities) Net debt Net debt position on assets and (liabilities). Line of Credit Facility Borrowings Revolving credit facility Line of credit facility borrowings. Investment In Finance Lease Receivable Investment in finance lease receivable Investment in finance lease receivable. Lease liabilities Lease liabilities Cash and Cash Equivalents including Cash Balances of Assets Held for Sale Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents including cash balances of assets held for sale. Disclosure Of Financial Instruments Carrying Value [table] Disclosure Of Financial Instruments Carrying Value [table] Disclosure Of Financial Instruments Carrying Value [table] Investments In Listed and Unlisted Securities [Member] Investments in unlisted securities [member] Investments in listed and unlisted securities. Other Borrowings [member] Other borrowings [member] Other borrowings. Other Net Financial Assets [member] Other net financial assets [member] Other net financial assets. Disclosure Of Financial Instruments Carrying Value [line items] Disclosure of financial instruments carrying value [line items] Disclosure of financial instruments carrying value. Other Borrowings Other borrowings Other financial assets Other net financial assets Financial Asset Liabilities Total financial instruments Financial asset liabilities Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to one percent increase in interest rates Impact of 1% increase in interest rates Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to one percent increase in interest rates. Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to one percent decrease in interest rates Impact of 1% decrease in interest rates Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to one percent decrease in interest rates. Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to ten percent strengthening in exchange rates Impact of 10% strengthening in exchange rates Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to ten percent strengthening in exchange rates. Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to ten percent weakening in exchange rates Impact of 10% weakening in exchange rates Increase (decrease) in financial assets (liabilities) due to ten percent weakening in exchange rates. Other non-current receivables Other receivables Deferred and Contingent Consideration Payable Deferred and contingent consideration Deferred and contingent consideration payable. Disclosure Of Undiscounted Cash Flows Financial Assets Liabilities [abstract] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Cash Flows Financial Assets Liabilities [abstract] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Cash Flows Financial Assets Liabilities [table] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Cash Flows Financial Assets Liabilities [table] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Cash Flows Financial Assets Liabilities [table] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Cash Flows Financial Assets Liabilities [line items] Disclosure of undiscounted cash flows financial assets liabilities [line items] Disclosure of undiscounted cash flows financial assets liabilities. Bonds issued, undiscounted cash flows Bonds Derivative financial liabilities, undiscounted cash inflows Rate derivatives - inflows Derivative financial liabilities, undiscounted cash inflows Derivative financial liabilities, undiscounted cash flows Rate derivatives - outflows Foreign currency derivatives, undiscounted cash inflows FX forwards - inflows The amount of contractual undiscounted cash inflows in relation to foreign currency derivatives. Foreign currency derivatives, undiscounted cash outflows FX forwards - outflows The amount of contractual undiscounted cash outflows in relation to foreign currency derivatives. Non-derivative and derivative financial liabilities, undiscounted cash flows Total Non-derivative and derivative financial liabilities, undiscounted cash flows. Bonds Issued On Discounted Basis Bonds issued on discounted basis Later than one months and not later than one year [Member] Later than one months and not later than one year [member] Changes in intangible assets other than goodwill [abstract] Intangible Assets Current Product Development Beginning balance Ending Balance Intangible assets current product development. Increase Decrease Through Net Exchange Differences intangible Assets Current Product Development Exchange differences Increase Decrease Through Net Exchange Differences intangible Assets Current Product Development. Additions Other Than Through Business Combinations Intangible Assets Current Product Development Additions Additions Other Than Through Business Combinations Intangible Assets Current Product Development. Disposals And Retirement Intangible Assets Current Product Development Disposals and retirements Disposals And Retirement Intangible Assets Current Product Development. Increase Decrease Through Transfers Intangible Assets Current Product Development Transfers Increase Decrease Through Transfers Intangible Assets Current Product Development. Amortisation Intangible Asset Other Than Goodwill Charge for the year Amortisation Intangible Asset Other Than Goodwill. Impairment Of Intangible Assets Current Product Development Impairment Impairment Intangible assets product development Impairment of intangible assets current product development. Intangible Assets Major Restructuring Programme [Axis] Intangible Assets Major Restructuring Programme. Intangible Assets Major Restructuring Programme [Member] Intangible Assets Major Restructuring Programme. Asset Writeoffs Related To The Major Restructuring Programme [Member] Asset write-offs related to the major restructuring programme. Classes of current inventories [abstract] Current raw materials Raw materials Current work in progress Work in progress Current finished goods Finished goods Inventory Returns Asset Returns asset Inventory returns asset. Cost of inventories recognised as expense during period Cost of inventories relating to continuing operations recognised as expense Inventory provisions charged to income statement Inventory provisions charged in income statement Inventory provisions charged to income statement. Adjustments for impairment loss (reversal of impairment loss) recognised in profit or loss, inventories Impairment charges against the inventory returns asset Trade and other receivables [abstract] Trade and other non-current receivables [abstract] Non-current Non-current trade receivables Trade receivables Investment In Finance Lease Receivable NonCurrent Investment in finance lease receivable noncurrent Investment in finance lease receivable nonCurrent. Prepayments And Other Receivables Non Current Prepayments and other receivables prepayments and other receivables non current Trade and other current receivables [abstract] Current Current trade receivables Trade receivables Investment In Finance Lease Receivable Current Investment in finance lease receivable current Investment in finance lease receivable current. Prepayments And Other Receivables Current Prepayments and other receivables prepayments and other receivables current. Receivables From Contract With Customers Current Contract assets - unbilled Receivables from contract with customers current. Disclosure of other provisions [abstract] Provisions For Bad And Doubtful Debts At beginning of year At end of year Provisions for bad and doubtful debts. Increase (decrease) through net exchange differences, allowance for provision for bad and doubtful debts Exchange differences Increase (decrease) through net exchange differences, allowance for provision for bad and doubtful debts. Allowance recognised in profit or loss, allowance for provision for bad and doubtful debts Income statement movements Allowance recognised in profit or loss, allowance for provision for bad and doubtful debts. Utilization, allowance for provision for bad and doubtful debts Utilised Utilization, allowance for provision for bad and doubtful debts. Trade and Other Receivables [table] Trade and Other Receivables [table] Trade and Other Receivables [table] Later than three months and not later than six months [member] Three to six months past due date [member] Later than six months and not later than nine months [member] Six to nine months past due date [member] Later than six months and not later than nine months. Later than nine months and not later than twelve months [member] Nine to 12 months past due date [member] Later than nine months and not later than twelve months. Later than one month and not later than three months [member] One to three months past due date [member] Not later than one month [member] Within due date and one month past due date [member] Not later than 1 month [member] Trade and Other Receivables [line items] Trade and other receivables [line items] Trade and other receivables. Trade receivables Trade receivables Trade Receivables Gross Gross trade receivables Trade receivables gross. Disclosure of other provisions [table] Disclosure of other provisions [table] Property [member] Property [member] Property. Legal And Other [member] Legal and other [member] Legal and other. Disclosure of other provisions [line items] Disclosure of other provisions [line items] Other provisions Beginning balance Ending balance Total Additional provisions, other provisions Provisions made during the year Unused provision reversed, other provisions Provisions reversed during the year Unused provisions other provisions Provision used, other provisions Provisions used during the year Acquisitions through business combinations, other provisions Acquisition of businesses Trade and other payables [abstract] Trade and other non-current payables [abstract] Less: non-current portion Non-current deferred income including non-current contract liabilities Deferred income Trade and other non-current payables Trade and other payables, Non-current Noncurrent Accruals and otherliabilities Accruals and other liabilities Noncurrent accruals and other liabilities. Trade payables Trade payables Sales Return Liability Sales return liability Sales return liability. Deferred income including contract liabilities Deferred income Interest payable Interest payable Current accrued expenses and other current liabilities Accruals and other liabilities Disclosure of defined benefit plans [abstract] Disclosure of defined benefit plans [table] Disclosure of defined benefit plans [table] Actuarial assumptions [axis] Actuarial assumptions [axis] Actuarial assumptions [domain] Actuarial assumptions [member] Actuarial Assumption Of Expected Rates Of Consumer Prices Index Inflation [member] CPI rate [member] Actuarial Assumption Of Expected Rates Of Consumer Prices Index Inflation [member] Insurance contracts [axis] Amounts arising from insurance contracts [axis] Insurance contracts [domain] Net amount arising from insurance contracts [member] Aviva and Legal And General [member] Aviva and legal and general [member] Aviva and legal and general. Defined benefit plans [axis] Defined benefit plans [axis] Defined benefit plans [domain] Defined benefit plans [member] UK Group Plan [member] UK Group plan [member] UK Group plan. PSOU K Group Plan [Member] PSOU K Group plan [Member] PSOU K group plan. Disclosure of defined benefit plans [line items] Disclosure of defined benefit plans [line items] Number of Members Under Defined Benefit and Contribution Plans Number of members under plan Number of members under defined benefit and contribution plans. Actuarial assumption of expected rates of inflation Inflation rate Inflation Actuarial assumption of long-term improvement on Continuous Mortality Investigation model Percentage of long-term rate improvement on CMI model Actuarial assumption of long-term improvement on Continuous Mortality Investigation model. Weighted Average Duration of Defined Benefit Obligations Weighted average duration of defined benefit obligation The weighted average duration of a defined benefit obligation. Allocated Percentage of Fund to Matching Assets Allocated percentage of fund to matching assets Allocated percentage of fund to matching assets. Allocated Percentage of Fund to Return Seeking Assets Allocated percentage of fund to return seeking assets Allocated percentage of fund to return seeking assets. Percentage of pensioner liabilities matched with buy in policies Percentage of pensioner liabilities matched with buy in policies Percentage of pensioner liabilities matched with buy in policies. Estimate of contributions expected to be paid to plan for next annual reporting period Expected contributions in 2025 Gains (losses) arising from settlements, defined benefit plans Settlements Technical Provision Surplus Funding Valuation Technical Provision Surplus Funding Valuation. Types Of Insurance Contract [Axis] Types of insurance contracts [axis] Types of insurance contract. Types Of Insurance Contract [Member] Types of insurance contracts [member] Types of insurance contract. Buy-in Policies [member] Buy-in policies [member] Buy-in policies. Active [member] Active [member] Active. Deferred [member] Deferred [member] Deferred. Pensioners [member] Pensioners [member] Pensioners [member] Percentage Of Defined Benefit Plan Defined benefit Percentage of defined benefit plans. Percentage Of Defined Contribution Plan Defined contribution Percentage of defined contribution plans. Percentage of Defined Benefit and Defined Contribution Plans Total Percentage of defined plan. Plan Name1 [axis] Plan Name1 [axis] Information by plan name1 pertaining to equity-based compensation arrangements. Plan Name 1 [domain] Plan Name 1 [domain] Name of the equity-based compensation arrangement plan. Actuarial Assumption of Initial Rate of Increase in Healthcare Rate [member] Initial rate of increase in healthcare rate [member] Actuarial assumption of initial rate of increase in healthcare rate. Actuarial Assumption of Ultimate Rate of Increase in Healthcare Rate [member] Ultimate rate of increase in healthcare rate [member] Actuarial assumption of ultimate rate of increase in healthcare rate. Other Plan [member] Other plans [member] Other plans. Post-retirement medical benefit plans [member] PRMB [member] PRMB. Actuarial assumption of discount rates Rate used to discount plan liabilities Actuarial assumption of expected rates of salary increases Expected rate of increase in salaries Actuarial assumption of expected rates of pension increases Expected rate of increase for pensions in payment and deferred pensions Actuarial assumption of medical cost trend rates Rate of increase in healthcare rate Average Remaining Life Expectancy of Male Employees Retiring at Age Sixty Five On Balance Sheet Date Male Average remaining life expectancy of male employees retiring at age sixty five on balance sheet date. Average Remaining Life Expectancy Of Female Employees Retiring At Age Sixty Five On Balance Sheet Date Female Average remaining life expectancy of female employees retiring at age sixty five on balance sheet date. Average Remaining Life Expectancy Of Male Employees Retiring At Age Sixty Five Twenty Years After Balance Sheet Date Male Average remaining life expectancy of male employees retiring at age sixty five twenty years after balance sheet date. Average Remaining Life Expectancy Of Female Employees Retiring At Age Sixty Five Twenty Years After Balance Sheet Date Female Average remaining life expectancy of female employees retiring at age sixty five twenty years after balance sheet date. Disclosure of amount of expense recognized in profit and loss defined benefit plan [abstract] Disclosure of amount of expense recognized in profit and loss defined benefit plan [abstract] Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Expense Recognized In Income Statement [table] Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Expense Recognized In Income Statement [table] Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Expense Recognized In Income Statement [table] Defined Benefit Other [member] Defined benefit other [member] Defined benefit other. Benefit Plan [member] Sub-total [member] Sub total. Defined Contribution [member] Defined contribution [member] Defined contribution. Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Expense Recognized In Income Statement [line items] Disclosure of defined benefit plans expense recognized in income statement [line items] Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Expense Recognized In Income Statement [line items] Employee (benefits) expense current service cost Current service cost Employee benefits expense current service cost. Employee benefits expense past service cost Past service cost Employee benefits expense past service cost. Administrative expenses Administration expenses Benefit Plans Operating Expenses (Reversal of Operating Expenses) Total operating expenses Benefit plans operating expenses (reversal of operating expenses). Benefit Plans Interest On Plan Assets Interest on plan assets Benefit plants, interest on plan assets. Benefit Plans Interest Of Plan Liabilities Interest on plan liabilities Benefit plans interest of plan liabilities. Interest expense (income), net defined benefit liability (asset) Net finance (income)/expense Benefit Plans, Net Amount Recognised In Profit (Loss) Net income statement charge Net amount recognised. Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [abstract] Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [table] Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [table] Other Funded Plans [member] Other funded plans [member] Other funded plans. Other UnFunded Plans [member] Other unfunded plans [member] Other unfunded plans. Disclosure of net defined benefit liability (asset) [line items] Disclosure of net defined benefit (liability) asset [line items] Plan assets, at fair value Fair value of plan assets Opening fair value of plan assets Closing fair value of plan assets Defined benefit obligation, at present value Present value of defined benefit obligation Surplus (deficit) in plan Net pension asset/ (liability) Other Postretirement Medical Benefit Obligation Other post-retirement medical benefit obligation Opening defined benefit obligation Closing defined benefit obligation Other postretirement medical benefit obligation. Other Pension Accruals Other pension accruals Other pension accruals. Net defined benefit asset Net retirement benefit asset Assets of benefit plan Retirement benefit assets Liabilities of benefit plan Retirement benefit obligations Liabilities of benefit plan. Disclosure Of Gain Loss Recognised [abstract] Disclosure of gain loss recognised. Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Gain Loss Recognised [table] Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Gain Loss Recognised [table] Disclosure of defined benefit plans gain loss recognised table. Defined benefit plan [member] Defined benefit plan [member] Defined benefit plan. Disclosure Of Defined Benefit Plans Gain Loss Recognised [line items] Disclosure of defined benefit plans gain loss recognised [line items] Disclosure of defined benefit plans gain loss recognised. Other comprehensive income, before tax, gains (losses) on remeasurements of defined benefit plans Gains (losses) recognised for benefit plans Disclosure of fair value of plan assets [abstract] Disclosure of fair value of plan assets [table] Disclosure of fair value of plan assets [table] Disclosure of fair value of plan assets [line items] Disclosure of fair value of plan assets [line items] Percentage of plan assets at fair value Fair value of plan assets Percentage of plan assets at fair value. Net defined benefit liability (asset) [axis] Net defined benefit liability (asset) [axis] Net defined benefit liability (asset) [domain] Net defined benefit liability (asset) [member] Insurance [member] Insurance [member] Insurance. Equities [member] Equities [member] Equities [member] Pooled Asset Investment Funds [member] Pooled asset investment funds (including LDI) [member] Pooled asset investment funds. Others [member] Other [member] Others. Fixed Interest Securities [member] Fixed-interest securities [member] Fixed interest securities. Infrastructure [Member] Infrastructure. Cash Equivalent [Member] Cash and cash equivalents [member] Cash Equivalents Disclosure Of Quoted And Non Quoted Plane Asset [abstract] Disclosure Of Quoted And Non Quoted Plane Asset [abstract] Disclosure Of Quoted And Non Quoted Plane Asset [table] Disclosure Of Quoted And Non Quoted Plane Asset [table] Disclosure of quoted and non-quoted plane asset table. Disclosure Of Quoted And Non Quoted Plan Asset [line items] Disclosure of quoted and non quoted plane asset [line items] Disclosure of quoted and non-quoted plan asset. Assets of benefit plan with quoted price in active market, percentage Quoted market price Assets of benefit plan quoted price in active market. Assets of benefit plan with no quoted price in active market, percentage No quoted market price Assets of benefit plan non quoted price in active market. Disclosure Of Liquidity Profile [Abstract] Disclosure Of Liquidity Profile Disclosure Of Liquidity Profile Of Plan Assets [Table] Disclosure Of Liquidity Profile Of Plan Assets [Table] Disclosure Of Liquidity Profile Of Plan Assets Disclosure Of Liquidity Profile [line items] Disclosure of liquidity profile [line items] Disclosure of liquidity profile. Liquidity Percentage Of Plan Asset Liquidity percentage of plan asset Liquidity percentage of plan asset. Past due status [axis] Past due status [axis] Past due status [domain] Past due status [member] Later than three months [member] Later than 3 months [member] Net defined benefit liability (asset) Opening defined benefit obligation Closing defined benefit obligation Increase (decrease) through changes in foreign exchange rates, net defined benefit liability (asset) Exchange differences Current service cost, net defined benefit liability (asset) Current service cost Past service cost, net defined benefit liability (asset) Past service cost Benefit (Loss) on Plan Assets Excluding Interest Return on plan assets excluding interest Benefit (loss) on plan assets excluding interest. Administrative expenses on retirement benefit plan Administration expenses Administrative expenses on retirement benefit plan. Contributions to plan by employer, net defined benefit liability (asset) Contributions by employer Actuarial Gains Losses Arising From Changes In Experience Assumptions Net Defined Benefit Liability Asset Actuarial losses – experience Actuarial gains – experience Actuarial gains losses arising from changes in experience assumptions net defined benefit liability asset. Actuarial gains (losses) arising from changes in demographic assumptions, net defined benefit liability (asset) Actuarial gains – demographic Actuarial gains (losses) arising from changes in financial assumptions, net defined benefit liability (asset) Actuarial (losses)/gains – financial Actuarial losses – financial Contributions to plan by plan participants, net defined benefit liability (asset) Contributions by employees Benefits paid or payable Benefits paid Decrease (increase) in net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from gains (losses) arising from settlements Settlements Benefit Plans Settlements Settlements Benefit plans settlements. Plan assets [member] Fair value of plan assets [member] Present value of defined benefit obligation [member] Present value of defined benefit obligation [member] Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [abstract] Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [table] Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [table] Actuarial assumption of discount rates [member] Rate used to discount plan liabilities [member] Domestic defined benefit plans1 [member] US defined benefit pension plans [member] US plan [member] Domestic defined benefit plans. Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items] Disclosure of sensitivity analysis for actuarial assumptions [line items] Increase (decrease) in defined benefit obligation due to reasonably possible increase in actuarial assumption (Decrease) /increase in defined benefit obligation, 1% increase in discount rate Increase/(decrease) in defined benefit obligation, 1 year increase (Decrease) /increase in defined benefit obligation, 0.5% increase Increase (decrease) in defined benefit obligation due to reasonably possible decrease in actuarial assumption (Decrease) /increase in defined benefit obligation, 1% decrease in discount rate Increase/(decrease) in defined benefit obligation, 1 year decrease (Decrease) /increase in defined benefit obligation, 0.5% decrease Percentage of reasonably possible increase in actuarial assumption Percentage movement in discount rate sensitivity analysis Movement in inflation sensitivity analysis Percentage of reasonably possible decrease in actuarial assumption Percentage movement in discount rate sensitivity analysis Movement in inflation sensitivity analysis Actuarial Assumption Of Longevity [member] Actuarial Assumption of Longevity [member] Actuarial Assumption Of Longevity. Period of reasonably possible increase in actuarial assumption Movement in mortality sensitivity analysis Period of reasonably possible increase in actuarial assumption. Period of reasonably possible decrease in actuarial assumption Movement in mortality sensitivity analysis Period of reasonably possible decrease in actuarial assumption. Actuarial assumption of expected rates of inflation [member] Inflation [member] Disclosure of terms and conditions of share-based payment arrangement [abstract] Expense From Sharebased Payment Transactions With Employees Including Non Operating Share-based payment charges Expense from sharebased payment transactions with employees including non-operating. Disclosure of terms and conditions of share-based payment arrangement [table] Disclosure of terms and conditions of share-based payment arrangement [table] Classes of share capital [axis] Classes of share capital [axis] Classes of share capital [domain] Share capital [member] Restricted Shares [member] Restricted shares [member] Restricted shares. Disclosure of terms and conditions of share-based payment arrangement [line items] Disclosure of terms and conditions of share-based payment arrangement [line items] length of share-based plan length of share-based plans length of share-based plan. Stock option percentage of market price Stock option percentage of market price Stock option percentage of market price. Percentage of market price considering share-based plans Percentage of market price considering in share-based plans Percentage of market price considering share-based plans. Share based Payment Arrangement Vesting Period Vesting period Share based Payment Arrangement Vesting Period Number of other equity instruments exercised or vested in share-based payment arrangement Number of other equity instruments exercised or vested in a share-based payment arrangement Types of share-based payment arrangements [axis] Types of share-based payment arrangements [axis] Types of share-based payment arrangements [domain] Share-based payment arrangements [member] Worldwide Save for Shares Plan [member] Worldwide Save for Shares Plan [member] Worldwide save for shares plan. Employee Stock Purchase Plan [member] Employee Stock Purchase Plan [member] Employee stock purchase plan. Long-Term Incentive Plan [member] Long-term incentive plan [member] Long-term incentive plan. LongTerm Incentive Plan and the Management Incentive Plan [Member] Long-Term Incentive Plan and the Management Incentive Plan [member] Long-term incentive plan and the management incentive plan. Number of other equity instruments granted in share-based payment arrangement Number of shares Weighted average fair value at measurement date, other equity instruments granted Weighted average fair value Disclosure of classes of share capital [abstract] Disclosure of classes of share capital [table] Disclosure of classes of share capital [table] Ordinary shares [member] Share capital [member] Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items] Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items] Number of shares outstanding Beginning Balance Ending Balance Increase (decrease) in number of shares outstanding Issue of ordinary shares – share option schemes Buyback Of Equity Shares Buyback of equity Buyback of equity shares. Nonadjusting Events After Reporting Period [Member] Non-adjusting Events After Reporting Period [Member] Nonadjusting events after reporting period. Par value per share Par value per share Treasury shares held, par value Shares authorised for repurchase amount Amount of shares authorized for repurchase Shares authorised for repurchase amount. Shares repurchased Number of shares repurchased Shares repurchased. Cancellation of shares Value of shares repurchased and cancelled Cancellation of shares. Reduction of issued capital Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Authorized Repurchase Amount Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Authorized Repurchase Amount Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Authorized Repurchase Amount. Shares Repurchase Program [Axis] Shares repurchase program. Shares Repurchase Program [Domain] Shares repurchase program. Treasury Shares Shares Beginning Balance Ending Balance Treasury shares shares. Purchases of Treasury Shares Purchase of treasury shares Purchases of treasury shares. Sales Or Issue Of Treasury Shares Release of treasury shares Sales or issue of treasury shares. Repurchase Of Shares For Cancellation Purchase of treasury shares Repurchase Of Shares For Cancellation Treasury Shares Percentage Of Called Up Share Capital Percentage of called up share capital Treasury shares percentage of called up share capital. Treasury Shares Nominal Value Treasury shares, nominal value Treasury shares nominal value. Treasury Shares Fair Value Treasury shares, market value Treasury shares fair value. Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [abstract] Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [table] Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [table] Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [line items] Disclosure of analysis of other comprehensive income by item [line items] Other comprehensive income, net of tax, exchange differences on translation Net exchange differences on translation of foreign operations Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive income that will be reclassified to profit or loss Attributable tax Other comprehensive income before tax gains (losses) on remeasurements of retirement benefits obligations Remeasurement of retirement benefit obligations Other comprehensive income before tax gains (losses) on remeasurements of retirement benefits obligations. Income tax relating to components of other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to profit or loss Attributable tax Fair Value Gains Losses on Financial Assets Not Recognised in Profit or Loss Fair value losses on other financial assets Fair value gains losses on financial assets not recognised in profit or loss. Disclosure of detailed information about business combination [abstract] Disclosure of detailed information about business combination [table] Disclosure of detailed information about business combination [table] Disclosure of detailed information about business combination [line items] Disclosure of detailed information about business combination [line items] Percentage of voting equity interests acquired Percentage of total voting equity interests acquired Consideration transferred, acquisition-date fair value Total purchase consideration Total consideration Contingent Or Deferred Consideration Contingent consideration Contingent or deferred consideration Contingent or deferred consideration. Revenue of acquiree since acquisition date Revenue of acquiree since acquisition date Profit (loss) of acquiree since acquisition date Profit (loss) of acquiree since acquisition date Useful Life Other Intangible Assets Useful Life Other Intangible Assets. Amortisation Of Intangible Assets Over The Period Amortisation of intangible assets over the period Amortisation of intangible assets over the period. Cash Transferred On Escrow Account Cash transferred on escrow account Cash transferred on escrow account. Decrease in Deferred Consideration Payable Decrease in deferred consideration payable Decrease in deferred consideration payable. Acquisition-related costs for transaction recognised separately from acquisition of assets and assumption of liabilities in business combination Acquisition-related costs  Identifiable intangible assets recognised as of acquisition date Intangible assets Cash transferred Cash consideration Goodwill recognised as of acquisition date Goodwill recognised as of acquisition date EDynamic Holdings LP [Member] Revibe Technologies Inc [Member] Revibe technologies inc. Personnel Decisions Research Institutes LLC [Member] Personnel decisions research institutes LLC. Other net gains and losses [Member] Other net gains and losses. Contingent Considerations by Type [Axis] Contingent considerations by type. Contingent Considerations by Type [Domain] Contingent considerations by type. Disclosure Of Acquired Intangible Assets With Indefinite Useful Life [abstract] Disclosure of acquired intangible assets with indefinite useful life. Deferred Payments For Prior Year Acquisitions And Other Items Deferred payments for prior year acquisitions and other items Deferred payments for prior year acquisitions and other items. Portion of consideration paid (received) consisting of cash and cash equivalents Cash - current year acquisitions Identifiable assets acquired (liabilities assumed) Net assets acquired Trade And Other Receivales Recognised AS Of Acquisition Date Trade and other receivables Trade and other receivales recognised as of acquisition date. Trade And Other Liabilities Recognised As Of Acquisition Date Trade and other liabilities Trade and other liabilities recognised as of acquisition date. Identifiable Assets Acquired Liabilities Assumed Including Goodwill Total Identifiable assets acquired liabilities assumed including goodwill. Cash and cash equivalents recognised as of acquisition date Cash and cash equivalents Deferred tax liabilities recognised as of acquisition date Deferred tax Cash and cash equivalents in subsidiary or businesses acquired or disposed Cash and cash equivalents acquired Cash Paid Into Escrow Account Cash paid into escrow account Cash paid into escrow account. Deferred income other than contract liabilities recognised as of acquisition date Deferred revenue Provisions Including Uncertain Tax Provisions Recognised As Of Acquisition Date Provisions, including uncertain tax provisions Provisions including uncertain tax provisions recognised as of acquisition date. Non-current assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale or as held for distribution to owners [abstract] Disclosure Of Disposal Of Subsidiaries [table] Disclosure Of Disposal Of Subsidiaries [table] Disclosure Of Disposal Of Subsidiaries [table] Disclosure Of Disposal Of Subsidiaries [line items] Disclosure of disposal of subsidiaries [line items] Disclosure Of Disposal Of Subsidiaries [line items] Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary for using equity method Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary for using equity method. Gains on disposals of subsidiary Gains on disposals of subsidiary Gains on disposals of subsidiary. Disposal costs Costs related to previous disposals Disposal costs. Consideration Receivable From Acquirer In Respect Of Additional Consideration Consideration receivable from acquirer in respect of additional consideration Consideration receivable from acquirer in respect of additional consideration. Period Over Which Deferred Consideration Is Receivable Period over which deferred consideration is receivable Period over which deferred consideration is receivable. Deferred Consideration Receivable From Acquirer As A Percentage Of Earnings Before Interest Tax Depreciation And Amortization Deferred consideration receivable from the acquirer as a percentage of earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortization Deferred consideration receivable from acquirer as a percentage of earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortization. Loss on Disposals of Subsidiary Loss on disposals of subsidiary Loss on disposals of subsidiary. Disposal Of Copp Clark [Member] Immaterial Disposals [Member] Immaterial disposals. Disposal of POLS Business [Member] Disposal of POLS Business [Member] Disposal of POLS business. Pearson College and the international courseware [Member] Copp Clark [Member] US UK Australia And India [Member] US UK Australia And India [Member] US UK Australia And India. Continuing and discontinued operations [axis] Continuing operations [member] Disposals Cumulative Translation Adjustment Cumulative currency translation adjustment Disposals cumulative translation adjustment. Cash received from disposals in period Proceeds – current year disposals Cash received from disposals in period. Deferred proceeds arising from disposal of subsidiaries Deferred proceeds Deferred proceeds arising from disposal of subsidiaries. Cash And Cash Equivalents Disposed In Period Cash and cash equivalents disposed Cash and cash equivalents disposed in period. Cash outflow from costs of disposal of subsidiary Costs and other disposal liabilities paid Cash outflow from costs of disposal of subsidiary. Adjustments Of Costs Recognized On Disposal Of Subsidiaries Costs of disposals Adjustments of costs recognized on disposal of subsidiaries. Net cash inflows (outflows) from disposal of subsidiaries Net cash (outflow)/inflow Net cash inflows (outflows) from disposal of subsidiaries. Gain (loss) recognised on disposal of subsidiaries Gain/(loss) on disposal Gain (loss) recognised on disposal of subsidiaries. Cash Received From Disposals In Prior Period Proceeds – prior year disposals Cash received from disposals in prior period. Intangible Assets Product Development Intangible assets – product development Intangible assets product development. Deferred tax Deferred tax Deferred tax. Disposal Of Subsidiaries And Associates [member] Disposal of subsidiaries and associates [member] Disposal Of Subsidiaries And Associates [member] Property, plant and equipment [abstract] Gains (losses) on disposals of property, plant and equipment Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment Disclosure of reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities [abstract] Disclosure of reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities [table] Disclosure of reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities [table] Disclosure of reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities [line items] Disclosure of reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities [line items] Liabilities arising from financing activities Beginning balance Ending balance Increase (decrease) through financing cash flows, liabilities arising from financing activities Financing cash flows Increase (decrease) through effect of changes in foreign exchange rates, liabilities arising from financing activities Foreign exchange movements Increase (decrease) through changes in fair values, liabilities arising from financing activities Fair value and other movements Increase Decrease Through Transfer From Noncurrent to Current Liabilities Arising From Financing Activities Transfer from non-current to current Increase decrease through transfer from noncurrent to current liabilities arising from financing activities Increase through new leases, liabilities arising from financing activities New leases/ disposal of leases Liabilities arising from financing activities [axis] Liabilities arising from financing activities [axis] Liabilities arising from financing activities [domain] Long-term borrowings [member] Long-term borrowings [member] Short-term borrowings [member] Short-term borrowings [member] Disclosure of Contingencies Other Liabilities and Commitments [Table] Disclosure of contingencies other liabilitiesand commitments. Current Brazil [Member] Current brazil. Disclosure of Contingencies Other Liabilities and Commitments [Line Items] Disclosure of contingencies other liabilities and commitments. Uncertain Tax Position Total Potential Exposure Uncertain tax position total potential exposure Uncertain tax position total potential exposure. Disclosure of quantitative information about leases for lessee [abstract] Expense relating to short-term leases for which recognition exemption has been used Expenses relating to short-term leases Depreciation, right-of-use assets Depreciation of right-of-use assets Reversal Of Impairment Of Right of use Assets Reversal of impairment/(Impairment) of right-of-use assets Reversal Of Impairment Of Right of use Assets. Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [abstract] Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [table] Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items] Current lease liabilities Current Non-current lease liabilities Non-current Undiscounted Operating Lease Payments Due Undiscounted lease liabilities Undiscounted operating lease payments due. Lease Liabilities Excluding Leases Held for Sale Lease liabilities included in the balance sheet Lease liabilities excluding leases held for sale. Presentation Of Leases For Lessee [Table] Presentation Of Leases For Lessee [Line Items] Contractual capital commitments Contractual capital commitments Increase (decrease) in net investment in finance lease Finance lease receivable increased (decreased) Impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, right-of-use assets Impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, right-of-use assets Reversal of impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, right-of-use assets Reversal of impairment loss recognised in profit or loss, right-of-use assets Depreciation Depreciation Cash Outflow For Leases As A Lessee Cash outflow for leases as a lessee Cash outflow for leases as a lessee. Disclosure of quantitative information about leases for lessor [abstract] Income from subleasing right-of-use assets Income from subleasing right-of-use assets (within other income) Cash Inflow For Leases As A Lessor Cash inflow for leases as a lessor Cash inflow for leases as a lessor Reconciliation of undiscounted lease payments to net investment in finance lease [abstract] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Lease Payments To Net Investment In Finance Lease [Table] Disclosure of undiscounted lease payments to net investment in finance lease [table] Disclosure of undiscounted lease payments to net investment in finance lease. Later than two years and not later than three years [member] Two to three years [member] Later than three years and not later than four years [member] Three to four years [member] Later than four years and not later than five years [member] Four to five years [member] Disclosure Of Undiscounted Lease Payments To Net Investment In Finance Lease [Line Items] Disclosure of undiscounted lease payments to net investment in finance lease [line items] Disclosure of undiscounted lease payments to net investment in finance lease. Undiscounted operating lease payments to be received Operating leases Undiscounted finance lease payments to be received Finance leases Unearned finance income relating to finance lease payments receivable Unearned finance income Net investment in finance lease Net investment in finance lease receivable Undiscounted Lease Payments Receivable Undiscounted lease payments receivable Undiscounted lease payments to be received. Disclosure of transactions between related parties [abstract] Key management personnel compensation, short-term employee benefits Short-term employee benefits Key management personnel compensation, post-employment benefits Retirement benefits Key management personnel compensation, share-based payment Share-based payment costs Key management personnel compensation Total Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [abstract] Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [table] Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [table] Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items] Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items] Share Repurchase Programme Amount Authorised Share Repurchase Programme Amount Authorised. Disclosure Of Companies Which Are Exempt From The Requirements Of The Companies Act 2006 Relating To The Audit [Table] Disclosure of companies which are exempt from the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 relating to the audit Disclosure of companies which are exempt from the requirements of the companies act 2006 relating to the audit. TQ Global Limited [Member] TQ Global Limited [member] TQ global limited member. PVNT Limited [Member] PVNT Limited [member] PVNT limited member. Pearson Strand Finance Limited [Member] Pearson Strand Finance Limited [member] Pearson strand finance limited member. Pearson Shared Services Limited [Member] Pearson Shared Services Limited [member] Pearson shared services limited member. Pearson Services Limited [Member] Pearson Services Limited [member] Pearson services limited member. Pearson Professional Assessments Limited [Member] Pearson Professional Assessments Limited [member] Pearson professional assessments limited member. Pearson Overseas Holdings Limited [Member] Pearson Overseas Holdings Limited [member] Pearson overseas holdings limited member. Pearson Management Services Limited [Member] Pearson Management Services Limited [member] Pearson management services limited member. Pearson Loan Finance Unlimited [Member] Pearson Loan Finance Unlimited [member] Pearson loan finance unlimited member. Pearson Loan Finance No 3 Limited [Member] Pearson Loan Finance No. 3 Limited [member] Pearson loan finance no.3 limited member. Pearson International Finance Limited [Member] Pearson International Finance Limited [member] Pearson international finance limited member. Pearson Education Limited [Member] Pearson Education Limited [member] Pearson education limited member. Pearson Education Investments Limited [Member] Pearson Education Investments Limited [member] Pearson education investments limited member. Pearson Education Holdings Limited [Member] Pearson Education Holdings Limited [member] Pearson education holdings limited member. Pearson Dollar Finance Two Limited [Member] Pearson Dollar Finance Two Limited [member] Pearson dollar finance two limited member. Pearson Dollar Finance Limited [Member] Pearson Dollar Finance Limited [member] Pearson dollar finance plc member. Pearson Australia Finance Unlimited [Member] Pearson Australia Finance Unlimited [member] Pearson australia finance unlimited member. Longman Group (Overseas Holdings) Limited [Member] Longman Group (Overseas Holdings) Limited [member] Longman group (overseas holdings) limited member. Aldwych Finance Limited [Member] Aldwych Finance Limited [member] Aldwych finance limited member. Disclosure In Tabular Form of Subsidiary Companies Exempt From Audit Line [Line Items] Disclosure In Tabular Form Of Subsidiary Companies Exempt From Audit [Line Items] Disclosure in tabular form of subsidiary companies exempt from audit line. Number Of The Company Exempt From Audit Company number Number of the company exempt from audit. Name Of The Company Exempt From Audit Subsidiary companies Name of the company exempt from audit.