| Schedule of income statement items by nature of cost |
The consolidated income statement line items cost of goods and services, research and development expenses, marketing and distribution expenses, and general and administrative expenses include the following items by nature of cost: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year ended December 31, | | in € thousand | Note | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | | Consulting and other purchased services | | 68,638 | | 65,783 | | 80,988 | | | Cost of services and change in inventory | | 15,001 | | 13,681 | | 11,417 | | | Employee benefit expense other than share-based compensation | 5.7 | 89,386 | | 83,028 | | 72,997 | | | Share-based compensation expense | 5.7 | 9,571 | | 8,710 | | 6,276 | | | Raw materials and consumables used | | 15,253 | | 21,982 | | 14,113 | | | Depreciation and amortization and impairment | 5.12/13/14 | 22,645 | | 19,586 | | 16,853 | | | Building and energy costs | | 15,662 | | 13,908 | | 13,088 | | | Supply, office and IT costs | | 9,711 | | 7,682 | | 11,663 | | | License fees and royalties | | 3,648 | | 4,065 | | 5,492 | | | Advertising costs | | 9,040 | | 16,781 | | 13,361 | | | Warehousing and distribution costs | | 4,595 | | 5,790 | | 3,939 | | | Travel and transportation costs | | 1,634 | | 3,197 | | 2,700 | | | Other expenses | | 2,337 | | 3,593 | | 4,432 | | | OPERATING EXPENSES | | 267,120 | | 267,788 | | 257,320 | | | | | | |
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| Schedule of principal accountant fees and services |
Principal Accountant Fees and Services PricewaterhouseCoopers Audit and Deloitte & Associés served as independent auditors for the year ended December 31, 2025 and for all other reporting periods presented. The table below shows fees charged by those firms and member firms of their networks to Valneva and consolidated subsidiaries in the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year ended December 31, | | PricewaterhouseCoopers | Deloitte & Associés | | in € thousand | 2025 | % | 2024 | % | 2023 | % | 2025 | % | 2024 | % | 2023 | % | | Audit fees | 1,182 | | 74 | % | 1,710 | | 89 | % | 2,076 | | 98 | % | 1,029 | | 100 | % | 1,311 | | 89 | % | 1,902 | | 99 | % | | provided by the statutory auditor | 1,082 | | 68 | % | 1,272 | | 66 | % | 1,539 | | 73 | % | 939 | | 91 | % | 1,185 | | 80 | % | 1,622 | | 84 | % | | provided by the statutory auditor's network | 100 | | 6 | % | 439 | | 23 | % | 537 | | 25 | % | 90 | | 9 | % | 126 | | 9 | % | 280 | | 15 | % | | Audit-related Fees | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | | provided by the statutory auditor | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | | provided by the statutory auditor's network | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | | Tax Services | 122 | | 8 | % | 45 | | 2 | % | 40 | | 2 | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | | provided by the statutory auditor's network | 122 | | 8 | % | 45 | | 2 | % | 40 | | 2 | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | | All Other Fees | 292 | | 18 | % | 163 | | 8 | % | — | | | % | — | | | % | 163 | | 11 | % | 19 | | 1 | % | | Total | 1,596 | | 100 | % | 1,918 | | 100 | % | 2,116 | | 100 | % | 1,029 | | 100 | % | 1,474 | | 100 | % | 1,921 | | 100 | % |
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