| Other Intangible Assets |
The carrying amounts of each class of other intangible assets were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Customer relationships |
|
$ |
4,904,110 |
|
|
$ |
3,900,270 |
|
|
$ |
124,331 |
|
| Computer software |
|
|
2,612,829 |
|
|
|
2,744,759 |
|
|
|
87,497 |
|
| Patents and acquired specific technology |
|
|
8,069,574 |
|
|
|
6,139,842 |
|
|
|
195,723 |
|
| Others |
|
|
105,837 |
|
|
|
135,731 |
|
|
|
4,327 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
15,692,350 |
|
|
$ |
12,920,602 |
|
|
$ |
411,878 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2023
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patents and
Acquired
Specific
Technology |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Cost |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at January 1, 2023 |
|
$ |
11,736,181 |
|
|
$ |
7,616,109 |
|
|
$ |
21,317,352 |
|
|
$ |
156,326 |
|
|
$ |
40,825,968 |
|
| Additions |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
537,261 |
|
|
|
1,350 |
|
|
|
(10,825 |
) |
|
|
527,786 |
|
| Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(905,947 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(30,973 |
) |
|
|
(936,920 |
) |
| Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
26,380 |
|
|
|
12,970 |
|
|
|
(807 |
) |
|
|
2,169 |
|
|
|
40,712 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at December 31, 2023 |
|
$ |
11,762,561 |
|
|
$ |
7,260,393 |
|
|
$ |
21,317,895 |
|
|
$ |
116,697 |
|
|
$ |
40,457,546 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Accumulated amortization and impairment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at January 1, 2023 |
|
$ |
4,761,816 |
|
|
$ |
5,305,294 |
|
|
$ |
9,488,185 |
|
|
$ |
92,965 |
|
|
$ |
19,648,260 |
|
| Amortization expense |
|
|
1,047,282 |
|
|
|
970,413 |
|
|
|
1,881,980 |
|
|
|
6,808 |
|
|
|
3,906,483 |
|
| Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(894,767 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(28,800 |
) |
|
|
(923,567 |
) |
| Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
3,840 |
|
|
|
944 |
|
|
|
(809 |
) |
|
|
2,262 |
|
|
|
6,237 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at December 31, 2023 |
|
$ |
5,812,938 |
|
|
$ |
5,381,884 |
|
|
$ |
11,369,356 |
|
|
$ |
73,235 |
|
|
$ |
22,637,413 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2024
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patents and
Acquired
Specific
Technology |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cost |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at January 1, 2024 |
|
$ |
11,762,561 |
|
|
$ |
7,260,393 |
|
|
$ |
21,317,895 |
|
|
$ |
116,697 |
|
|
$ |
40,457,546 |
|
| Additions |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,597,759 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
72,493 |
|
|
|
1,670,252 |
|
| Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(325,476 |
) |
|
|
(8,846 |
) |
|
|
(1,339 |
) |
|
|
(335,661 |
) |
| Acquisitions through business combinations (Note 29) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
39,828 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
39,828 |
|
| Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
2,951 |
|
|
|
121,122 |
|
|
|
2,451 |
|
|
|
(2,853 |
) |
|
|
123,671 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at December 31, 2024 |
|
$ |
11,765,512 |
|
|
$ |
8,693,626 |
|
|
$ |
21,311,500 |
|
|
$ |
184,998 |
|
|
$ |
41,955,636 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Accumulated amortization and impairment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at January 1, 2024 |
|
$ |
5,812,938 |
|
|
$ |
5,381,884 |
|
|
$ |
11,369,356 |
|
|
$ |
73,235 |
|
|
$ |
22,637,413 |
|
| Amortization expense |
|
|
1,048,694 |
|
|
|
886,727 |
|
|
|
1,878,965 |
|
|
|
5,628 |
|
|
|
3,820,014 |
|
| Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(319,368 |
) |
|
|
(8,846 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(328,214 |
) |
| Acquisitions through business combinations (Note 29) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
38,515 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
38,515 |
|
| Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
(230 |
) |
|
|
93,039 |
|
|
|
2,451 |
|
|
|
298 |
|
|
|
95,558 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Balance at December 31, 2024 |
|
$ |
6,861,402 |
|
|
$ |
6,080,797 |
|
|
$ |
13,241,926 |
|
|
$ |
79,161 |
|
|
$ |
26,263,286 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| For the year ended December 31, 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patents and
Acquired
Specific
Technology |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2025 |
|
$ |
11,765,512 |
|
|
$ |
8,693,626 |
|
|
$ |
21,311,500 |
|
|
$ |
184,998 |
|
|
$ |
41,955,636 |
|
Additions |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,061,070 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
57,724 |
|
|
|
1,118,794 |
|
Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(448,249 |
) |
|
|
(595,143 |
) |
|
|
(68,439 |
) |
|
|
(1,111,831 |
) |
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
64,502 |
|
|
|
59,150 |
|
|
|
(969 |
) |
|
|
260 |
|
|
|
122,943 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2025 |
|
$ |
11,830,014 |
|
|
$ |
9,365,597 |
|
|
$ |
20,715,388 |
|
|
$ |
174,543 |
|
|
$ |
42,085,542 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated amortization and impairment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2025 |
|
$ |
6,861,402 |
|
|
$ |
6,080,797 |
|
|
$ |
13,241,926 |
|
|
$ |
79,161 |
|
|
$ |
26,263,286 |
|
Amortization expense |
|
|
1,049,397 |
|
|
|
892,552 |
|
|
|
1,872,118 |
|
|
|
18,695 |
|
|
|
3,832,762 |
|
Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(428,785 |
) |
|
|
(595,143 |
) |
|
|
(61,499 |
) |
|
|
(1,085,427 |
) |
Impairment losses recognized |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
37,358 |
|
|
|
57,614 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
94,972 |
|
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
18,945 |
|
|
|
38,916 |
|
|
|
(969 |
) |
|
|
2,455 |
|
|
|
59,347 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2025 |
|
$ |
7,929,744 |
|
|
$ |
6,620,838 |
|
|
$ |
14,575,546 |
|
|
$ |
38,812 |
|
|
$ |
29,164,940 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Patents and
Acquired
Specific
Technology |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2025 |
|
$ |
375,056 |
|
|
$ |
277,132 |
|
|
$ |
679,359 |
|
|
$ |
5,898 |
|
|
$ |
1,337,445 |
|
Additions |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
33,824 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,840 |
|
|
|
35,664 |
|
Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(14,289 |
) |
|
|
(18,972 |
) |
|
|
(2,182 |
) |
|
|
(35,443 |
) |
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
2,056 |
|
|
|
1,886 |
|
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
3,920 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2025 |
|
$ |
377,112 |
|
|
$ |
298,553 |
|
|
$ |
660,357 |
|
|
$ |
5,564 |
|
|
$ |
1,341,586 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated amortization and impairment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2025 |
|
$ |
218,725 |
|
|
$ |
193,841 |
|
|
$ |
422,121 |
|
|
$ |
2,523 |
|
|
$ |
837,210 |
|
Amortization expense |
|
|
33,452 |
|
|
|
28,452 |
|
|
|
59,679 |
|
|
|
596 |
|
|
|
122,179 |
|
Disposals or derecognition |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(13,669 |
) |
|
|
(18,972 |
) |
|
|
(1,960 |
) |
|
|
(34,601 |
) |
Impairment losses recognized |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,191 |
|
|
|
1,837 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
3,028 |
|
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences |
|
|
604 |
|
|
|
1,241 |
|
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
1,892 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2025 |
|
$ |
252,781 |
|
|
$ |
211,056 |
|
|
$ |
464,634 |
|
|
$ |
1,237 |
|
|
$ |
929,708 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Each cl a ss of other intangible assets was amortized on the straight-line basis over the following useful lives:
|
|
|
|
|
| Customer relationships |
|
|
11-16 years |
|
| Computer software |
|
|
2-10 years |
|
| Patents and acquired specific technology |
|
|
5-17 years |
|
| Others |
|
|
5-10 years |
|
|