Financial Instruments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Summary of Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts and fair value of bonds payable as of December 31, 2024 and 2025 were as follows:


	Carrying Amount				Fair Value
	NT$		US$ (Note 4)		NT$		US$ (Note 4)

December 31, 2024	$	32,976,164			$	33,636,945
December 31, 2025		14,967,630	$	477,132		15,583,145	$	496,753

Summary of Financial Assets Measured at Level 3 Fair Value

For the year ended December 31, 2023


	Financial Assets at FVTPL									Financial Assets at FVTOCI
Financial Assets	Equity Instruments			Debt Instruments			Hybrid Instruments			Equity Instruments			Debt Instruments			Total
	NT$			NT$			NT$			NT$			NT$			NT$

Balance at January 1	$	2,666,264		$	-		$	-		$	436,876		$	6,462,426		$	9,565,566
Recognized in profit or loss		(83,239	)		-			(113	)		-			-			(83,352	)
Recognized in other comprehensive income
Unrealized gains (losses) on financial assets at FVTOCI		-			-			-			215,914			(16,807	)		199,107
Effects of foreign currency exchange		5,053			-			-			1,605			-			6,658
Net increase in trade receivables		-			5,778,078			-			-			234,772			6,012,850
Trade receivables factored		-			(5,778,078	)		-			-			-			(5,778,078	)
Purchases		637,767			-			61,523			184,484			-			883,774
Disposal of subsidiary (Note 30)		-			-			-			(29,572	)		-			(29,572	)
Disposals		(681,870	)		-			-			(188,476	)		-			(870,346	)


Balance at December 31	$	2,543,975		$	-		$	61,410		$	620,831		$	6,680,391		$	9,906,607

For the year ended December 31, 2024


	Financial Assets at FVTPL								Financial Assets at FVTOCI
Financial Assets	Equity Instruments			Debt Instruments			Hybrid Instruments		Equity Instruments			Debt Instruments			Total
	NT$			NT$			NT$		NT$			NT$			NT$

Balance at January 1	$	2,543,975		$	-		$	61,410	$	620,831		$	6,680,391		$	9,906,607
Recognized in profit or loss		(352,120	)		-			8,300		-			-			(343,820	)
Recognized in other comprehensive income
Unrealized losses on financial assets at FVTOCI		-			-			-		(9,397	)		(17,146	)		(26,543	)
Effects of foreign currency exchange		137,556			-			2,270		336,580			-			476,406
Net increase in trade receivables		-			1,167,287			-		-			895,023			2,062,310
Trade receivables factored		-			(1,167,287	)		-		-			-			(1,167,287	)
Transferred out of Level 3		-			-			-		(53,360	)		-			(53,360	)
Purchases		177,813			-			363,225		12,150,760			-			12,691,798
Disposals		(140,358	)		-			-		(184,455	)		-			(324,813	)


Balance at December 31	$	2,366,866		$	-		$	435,205	$	12,860,959		$	7,558,268		$	23,221,298

For the year ended December 31, 2025


	Financial Assets at FVTPL						Financial Assets at FVTOCI
Financial Assets	Equity Instruments			Hybrid Instruments			Equity Instruments			Debt Instruments			Total
	NT$			NT$			NT$			NT$			NT$

Balance at January 1	$	2,366,866		$	435,205		$	12,860,959		$	7,558,268		$	23,221,298
Recognized in profit or loss		196,009			(76,798	)		-			-			119,211
Recognized in other comprehensive income
Unrealized losses on financial assets at FVTOCI		-			-			(207,646	)		(17,620	)		(225,266	)
Effects of foreign currency exchange		(95,920	)		(4,818	)		(539,732	)		-			(640,470	)
Net decrease in trade receivables		-			-			-			(349,704	)		(349,704	)
Acquisitions through business combinations		-			-			357			-			357
Reclassification		30,639			-			-			-			30,639
Purchases		194,150			2,132,740			478,350			-			2,805,240
Disposals		(273,434	)		(1,627,700	)		(33,108	)		-			(1,934,242	)


Balance at December 31	$	2,418,310		$	858,629		$	12,559,180		$	7,190,944		$	23,027,063


	Financial Assets at FVTPL						Financial Assets at FVTOCI
Financial Assets	Equity Instruments			Hybrid Instruments			Equity Instruments			Debt Instruments			Total
	US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)

Balance at January 1	$	75,450		$	13,873		$	409,976		$	240,939		$	740,238
Recognized in profit or loss		6,248			(2,448	)		-			-			3,800
Recognized in other comprehensive income
Unrealized losses on financial assets at FVTOCI		-			-			(6,619	)		(562	)		(7,181	)
Effects of foreign currency exchange		(3,058	)		(154	)		(17,205	)		-			(20,417	)
Net decrease in trade receivables		-			-			-			(11,147	)		(11,147	)
Effects of foreign currency exchange		-			-			11			-			11
Reclassification		977			-			-			-			977
Purchases		6,189			67,987			15,249			-			89,425
Disposals		(8,716	)		(51,887	)		(1,055	)		-			(61,658	)


Balance at December 31	$	77,090		$	27,371		$	400,357		$	229,230		$	734,048

Summary of Categories of Financial Instruments

Categories of financial instruments


	December 31
	2024		2025
	NT$		NT$		US$ (Note 4)

Financial assets

FVTPL
Mandatorily at FVTPL	$	10,832,042	$	10,187,492	$	324,753
Measured at amortized cost (Note 1)		191,953,553		219,695,988		7,003,379
FVTOCI
Equity instruments		12,933,733		12,607,114		401,885
Debt instruments		1,025,760		1,008,140		32,137
Trade receivables, net		6,532,508		6,182,804		197,093

Financial liabilities

FVTPL
Held for trading		243,752		825,420		26,312
Contingent considerations		589,117		569,948		18,169
Financial liabilities for hedging		12,456,104		9,282,400		295,901
Measured at amortized cost (Note 2)		344,543,769		459,199,442		14,638,172

Note 1:

The balances included cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables measured at amortized cost, other receivables and other financial assets.

Note 2:

The balances included short-term borrowings, short-term bills payable, trade and other payables, bonds payable, long-term borrowings, temporary receipts (under the line items of other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities), and deposits received (under the line items of other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities).

Summary of Detailed Information About Hedged

December 31, 2024


Hedging Instrument/ Hedged Items	Line item in Balance sheet	Carrying Amount
Hedging Instrument/ Hedged Items	Line item in Balance sheet	Asset		Liability
		NT$		NT$

Fair value hedge
Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL	Financial liabilities for hedging - current	$	-	$	3,515,265
Hedge of net investment in foreign operation	Financial liabilities for hedging - current		-		8,940,839


	Change in Value Used for Calculating Hedge Ineffectiveness					Accumulated Gains or Losses in Other Equity				Carrying Amount of Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedge		Accumulated Amount of Fair Value Hedge Adjustments on Hedged Item
Hedging Instrument/ Hedged Item	Hedging Instrument			Hedged Item		Continuing Hedges		Hedge Accounting No Longer Applied		Asset		Asset
	NT$			NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Fair value hedge
Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL	$	(243,954	)	$	243,954	$	-	$	-	$	2,834,608	$	323,983
Hedge of net investment in foreign operation		(562,598	)		562,598		923,574		-		-		-

Summary of Detailed Information About Hedged Items

December 31, 2025

Hedging Instrument/

Hedged Items

Line item in

Balance sheet

Carrying Amount

Asset

Liability

NT$

US$
(Note 4)

NT$

US$
(Note 4)

Fair value hedge

Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL

Financial liabilities for hedging - current

$ -

$ 843,838

$ 26,900

Hedge of net investment in foreign operation

Financial liabilities for hedging - current

8,438,562

269,001


	Change in Value Used for Calculating Hedge Ineffectiveness						Accumulated Gains or Losses in Other Equity					Carrying Amount of Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedge		Accumulated Amount of Fair Value Hedge Adjustments on Hedged Item
Hedging Instrument/ Hedged Item	Hedging Instrument			Hedged Item			Continuing Hedges			Hedge Accounting No Longer Applied		Asset		Liability
	NT$			NT$			NT$			NT$		NT$		NT$

Fair value hedge
Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL		$ (17,414	)		$ 17,414			$ -			$ -		$ 964,637		$ 15,749
Hedge of net investment in foreign operation		1,117,589			(1,117,589	)		(194,015	)		-		-		-

	Change in Value Used for Calculating Hedge Ineffectiveness						Accumulated Gains or Losses in Other Equity					Carrying Amount of Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedge		Accumulated Amount of Fair Value Hedge Adjustments on Hedged Item
Hedging Instrument/ Hedged Item	Hedging Instrument			Hedged Item			Continuing Hedges			Hedge Accounting No Longer Applied		Asset		Liability
	US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)

Fair value hedge
Borrowings denominated in foreign currencies/ Financial assets at FVTPL		$ (555	)		$ 555			$ -			$ -		$ 30,750		$ 502
Hedge of net investment in foreign operation		35,626			(35,626	)		(6,185	)		-		-		-

Summary of Interest Rate Risk

The carrying amounts of the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities with exposure to interest rates at each balance sheet date were as follows:


	December 31
	2024		2025
	NT$		NT$		US$ (Note 4)

Fair value interest rate risk
Financial assets	$	36,812,408	$	53,381,124	$	1,701,662
Financial liabilities		72,579,608		84,870,569		2,705,469

Cash flow interest rate risk
Financial assets		46,378,904		45,958,834		1,465,057
Financial liabilities		151,248,418		229,257,842		7,308,188

Summary of Maturity Analysis for Non-derivative Financial Liabilities

December 31, 2024


	On Demand or Less than 1 Month		1 to 3 Months		3 Months to 1 Year		1 to 5 Years		More than 5 Years
	NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Non-interest bearing	$	66,577,698	$	39,954,390	$	18,126,780	$	4,707,506	$	1,177,870
Obligation under leases		167,887		185,848		801,002		2,676,514		5,572,038
Floating interest rate liabilities		9,865,888		15,650,230		13,152,601		115,539,867		7,894,775
Fixed interest rate liabilities		5,163,326		11,011,781		16,702,747		23,210,093		-


	$	81,774,799	$	66,802,249	$	48,783,130	$	146,133,980	$	14,644,683

Further information for maturity analysis of obligation under leases was as follows:

December 31, 2025


	On Demand or Less than 1 Month		1 to 3 Months		3 Months to 1 Year		1 to 5 Years		More than 5 Years
	NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Non-interest bearing	$	75,853,604	$	46,653,157	$	23,722,468	$	34,607,140	$	68,696
Obligation under leases		128,731		210,673		841,489		3,048,712		7,384,494
Floating interest rate liabilities		19,644,085		6,892,644		9,202,843		200,799,083		6,380,428
Fixed interest rate liabilities		10,637,451		5,080,186		4,875,149		14,702,446		-


	$	106,263,871	$	58,836,660	$	38,641,949	$	253,157,381	$	13,833,618


	On Demand or Less than 1 Month		1 to 3 Months		3 Months to 1 Year		1 to 5 Years		More than 5 Years
	US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Non-interest bearing	$	2,418,030	$	1,487,190	$	756,215	$	1,103,192	$	2,190
Obligation under leases		4,104		6,716		26,825		97,186		235,400
Floating interest rate liabilities		626,206		219,721		293,364		6,400,991		203,393
Fixed interest rate liabilities		339,096		161,944		155,408		468,678		-


	$	3,387,436	$	1,875,571	$	1,231,812	$	8,070,047	$	440,983

Summary of Maturity Analysis for Derivative Financial Instruments

December 31, 2024


	On Demand or Less than 1 Month			1 to 3 Months			3 Months to 1 Year
	NT$			NT$			NT$

Net settled

Forward exchange contracts	$	10,872		$	11,550		$	-


Gross settled

Forward exchange contracts
Inflows	$	10,395,219		$	3,866,536		$	332,003
Outflows		(10,278,376	)		(3,831,303	)		(319,540	)

		116,843			35,233			12,463

Swap contracts
Inflows		13,901,338			31,704,116			84,978,720
Outflows		(13,702,851	)		(30,131,740	)		(80,905,026	)

		198,487			1,572,376			4,073,694


	$	315,330		$	1,607,609		$	4,086,157

December 31, 2025



	On Demand or Less than 1 Month			1 to 3 Months			3 Months to 1 Year
	NT$			NT$			NT$

Net settled

Forward exchange contracts	$	100,732		$	37,542		$	-


Gross settled

Forward exchange contracts
Inflows	$	14,697,943		$	1,903,349		$	-
Outflows		(14,700,928	)		(1,914,087	)		-

		(2,985	)		(10,738	)		-

Swap contracts
Inflows		19,403,174			35,662,026			84,672,420
Outflows		(19,263,452	)		(35,807,350	)		(80,651,321	)

		139,722			(145,324	)		4,021,099


	$	136,737		$	(156,062	)	$	4,021,099


	On Demand or Less than 1 Month			1 to 3 Months			3 Months to 1 Year
	US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)			US$ (Note 4)

Net settled

Forward exchange contracts	$	3,211		$	1,197		$	-


Gross settled

Forward exchange contracts
Inflows	$	468,535		$	60,674		$	-
Outflows		(468,630	)		(61,016	)		-

		(95	)		(342	)		-

Swap contracts
Inflows	$	618,526		$	1,136,819		$	2,699,153
Outflows		(614,072	)		(1,141,452	)		(2,570,970	)

		4,454			(4,633	)		128,183


	$	4,359		$	(4,975	)	$	128,183

Summary of Disclosure of Detailed Information about Maturity Analysis of Obligation under Leases


	Less than 1 Year		1 to 5 Years		5 to 10 Years		10 to 15 Years		15 to 20 Years		More than 20 Years
	NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Obligation under leases	$	1,154,737	$	2,676,514	$	1,964,781	$	951,983	$	917,034	$	1,738,240

Further information for maturity analysis of obligation under leases was as follows:


	Less than 1 Year		1 to 5 Years		5 to 10 Years		10 to 15 Years		15 to 20 Years		More than 20 Years
	NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Obligation under leases	$	1,180,893	$	3,048,712	$	1,817,587	$	1,281,842	$	1,203,233	$	3,081,832


	Less than 1 Year		1 to 5 Years		5 to 10 Years		10 to 15 Years		15 to 20 Years		More than 20 Years
	US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)

Obligation under leases	$	37,645	$	97,186	$	57,940	$	40,862	$	38,356	$	98,242

Measured at fair value on a recurring basis [member]

Statement [LineItems]

Summary of Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value hierarchy

December 31, 2024


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Financial assets at FVTPL

Derivative financial assets
Swap contracts	$	-	$	4,282,512	$	-	$	4,282,512
Forward exchange contracts		-		258,362		-		258,362
Non-derivative financial assets
Quoted shares		2,898,751		-		-		2,898,751
Private-placement funds		-		-		1,503,382		1,503,382
Unquoted shares		-		-		863,484		863,484
Open-end mutual funds		590,346		-		-		590,346
Hybrid financial assets
Convertible notes		-		-		360,635		360,635
Others		-		-		74,570		74,570


	$	3,489,097	$	4,540,874	$	2,802,071	$	10,832,042


Financial assets at FVTOCI

Investments in equity instruments
Unquoted ordinary shares	$	-	$	-	$	12,846,151	$	12,846,151
TIB quoted ordinary shares		72,774		-		-		72,774
Unquoted preferred shares		-		-		14,808		14,808
Investments in debt instruments
Unsecured cumulative subordinate corporate bonds		-		-		1,025,760		1,025,760
Trade receivables, net		-		-		6,532,508		6,532,508


	$	72,774	$	-	$	20,419,227	$	20,492,001


Financial liabilities at FVTPL

Derivative financial liabilities
Swap contracts	$	-	$	179,967	$	-	$	179,967
Forward exchange contracts		-		63,785		-		63,785
Contingent considerations		-		-		589,117		589,117


	$	-	$	243,752	$	589,117	$	832,869

						(Continued)

December 31, 2025


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	NT$		NT$		NT$		NT$

Financial assets at FVTPL

Derivative financial assets
Swap contracts	$	-	$	3,412,108	$	-	$	3,412,108
Forward exchange contracts		-		248,813		-		248,813
Non-derivative financial assets
Quoted shares		2,277,680		-		-		2,277,680
Private-placement funds		-		-		1,435,095		1,435,095
Open-end mutual funds		971,952		-		-		971,952
Unquoted shares		-		-		822,065		822,065
Others		-		-		161,150		161,150
Hybrid financial assets
Equity-linked structured products		-		-		497,899		497,899
Convertible notes		-		-		345,730		345,730
Others		-		-		15,000		15,000


	$	3,249,632	$	3,660,921	$	3,276,939	$	10,187,492


Financial assets at FVTOCI

Investments in equity instruments
Unquoted ordinary shares	$	-	$	-	$	12,546,772	$	12,546,772
TIB quoted ordinary shares		47,934		-		-		47,934
Unquoted preferred shares		-		-		12,408		12,408
Investments in debt instruments
Unsecured cumulative subordinate corporate bonds		-		-		1,008,140		1,008,140
Trade receivables, net		-		-		6,182,804		6,182,804


	$	47,934	$	-	$	19,750,124	$	19,798,058


Financial liabilities at FVTPL

Derivative financial liabilities
Swap contracts	$	-	$	736,231	$	-	$	736,231
Forward exchange contracts		-		75,438		-		75,438
Accumulator contracts		-		-		13,751		13,751
Contingent considerations		-		-		569,948		569,948


	$	-	$	811,669	$	583,699	$	1,395,368

								(Concluded	)


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)		US$ (Note 4)

Financial assets at FVTPL

Derivative financial assets
Swap contracts	$	-	$	108,770	$	-	$	108,770
Forward exchange contracts		-		7,932		-		7,932
Non-derivative financial assets
Quoted shares		72,607		-		-		72,607
Private-placement funds		-		-		45,747		45,747
Open-end mutual funds		30,983		-		-		30,983
Unquoted shares		-		-		26,205		26,205
Others		-		-		5,138		5,138
Hybrid financial assets
Equity-linked structured products		-		-		15,872		15,872
Convertible notes		-		-		11,021		11,021
Others		-		-		478		478


	$	103,590	$	116,702	$	104,461	$	324,753


Financial assets at FVTOCI

Investments in equity instruments
Unquoted ordinary shares	$	-	$	-	$	399,961	$	399,961
TIB quoted ordinary shares		1,528		-		-		1,528
Unquoted preferred shares		-		-		396		396
Investments in debt instruments
Unsecured cumulative subordinate corporate bonds		-		-		32,137		32,137
Trade receivables, net		-		-		197,093		197,093


	$	1,528	$	-	$	629,587	$	631,115


Financial liabilities at FVTPL

Derivative financial liabilities
Swap contracts	$	-	$	23,469	$	-	$	23,469
Forward exchange contracts		-		2,405		-		2,405
Accumulator contracts		-		-		438		438
Contingent considerations		-		-		18,169		18,169


	$	-	$	25,874	$	18,607	$	44,481