| Schedule of Company's main subsidiaries and VIEs |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Percentage of | | | | | | | | | legal | | | | | | | | | ownership by | | | | | | | Place of | | the | | | Entity | | Date of incorporation | | incorporation | | Company | | Principal activities | Subsidiaries | | | | | | | | | QD Data Limited | | December 2, 2016 | | Hong Kong (“HK”) | | 100 | % | Investment holding | QD Technologies Limited | | November 23, 2016 | | British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) | | 100 | % | Investment holding | Qufenqi (Shanghai) Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Qufenqi Shanghai” formerly known as Qufenqi (Ganzhou) Information Technology Co.) | | September 5, 2016 | | PRC | | 100 | % | Investment holding, research and development | Xiamen Qudian Financial Lease Ltd. (“Xiamen Financial Lease”) | | April 21, 2017 | | PRC | | 100 | % | Financial lease | Qufenqi (HK) Limited (“Qufenqi HK”) | | April 28, 2014 | | HK | | 100 | % | Investment holding | Xiamen Qudian Technology Co., Ltd. (“Xiamen Qudian”) | | April 1, 2017 | | PRC | | 100 | % | Technology development and service, sale of products | Bloomgoods Inc. (“Bloomgoods Inc.”) | | June 28, 2018 | | Cayman Islands | | 100 | % | Investment holding | Xiamen Happy Time Technology Co., Ltd. (“Xiamen Happy Time”) | | September 5, 2018 | | PRC | | 100 | % | Technology development and service | Bloomgoods Limited (“Bloomgoods Limited”) | | June 29, 2018 | | BVI | | 100 | % | Investment holding | Bloomgoods (HK) Limited (“Bloomgoods (HK) Limited”) | | May 12, 2020 | | HK | | 100 | % | Investment holding | F&H EXPRESS PTY LTD (“F&H EXPRESS PTY”) | | December 9, 2022 | | Australia | | 100 | % | Delivery service | LAST MILE EXPRESS PTY LTD (“LAST MILE EXPRESS”) | | October 17, 2022 | | Australia | | 100 | % | Delivery service | VIEs | | | | | | | | | Xiamen Quxianxiang Time Technology Co., Ltd. (“Xiamen Quxianxiang”) | | April 9, 2014 | | PRC | | Nil | | Technology development and service, sale of products | Xiamen Lexiang Time Technology Co., Ltd. (“Xiamen Lexiang”) | | November 25, 2016 | | PRC | | Nil | | Technology development service, sale of products and educational services |
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| Schedule of financial statements information of VIEs |
| | | | | | | | | As of December 31, | | | 2024 | | 2025 | | | RMB | | RMB | | US$ | Amounts due from group companies | | 488,678,227 | | 529,739,389 | | 75,751,725 | Other current assets* | | 4,097,569,900 | | 5,099,441,409 | | 729,210,423 | Total current assets | | 4,586,248,127 | | 5,629,180,798 | | 804,962,148 | Total non-current assets** | | 2,623,967,844 | | 1,880,476,320 | | 268,904,537 | Total assets | | 7,210,215,971 | | 7,509,657,118 | | 1,073,866,685 | Amounts due to group companies | | 5,099 | | 13,305,968 | | 1,902,728 | Other current liabilities | | 8,300,951 | | 43,004,982 | | 6,149,631 | Total current liabilities | | 8,306,050 | | 56,310,950 | | 8,052,359 | Total liabilities | | 8,306,050 | | 56,310,950 | | 8,052,359 |
| | | | | | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, | | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2025 | | | RMB | | RMB | | RMB | | US$ | Revenues | | 47,770,942 | | 198 | | 2,914,256 | | 416,733 | Net income /(loss)*** | | 171,107,836 | | (448,652,409) | | 279,960,596 | | 40,033,833 |
* As of December 31 2025, other current assets primarily include cash and cash equivalents of RMB 1,466 million (US$ 210 million), restricted cash of RMB 1,487 million (US$ 213 million), short term deposit of RMB 854 million (US$122 million), and time and structured deposits of RMB 750 million (US$ 107 million). ** As of December 31, 2025, total non-current assets primarily include long-term equity investments of RMB 1,556 million (US$ 223 million), which mainly consist of an investment in the subsidiary, Shenzhen Qudian Investment Partnership (Limited Partnership). *** As of December 31, 2025, net income primarily includes interest and investment income of RMB 378 million (US$54 million) and investment income of derivative instruments of RMB 132 million (US$19 million), partially offset by general and administrative expenses of RMB 180 million (US$26 million). | | | | | | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, | | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2025 | | | RMB | | RMB | | RMB | | US$ | Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities | | 1,132,978,031 | | (1,349,175,834) | | (122,542,784) | | (17,523,385) | Net cash provided by/ (used in) investing activities | | 1,449,584,102 | | (561,586,008) | | 173,360,780 | | 24,790,262 | Net cash (used in) financing activities | | (111,291,410) | | (156,112,319) | | — | | — |
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