Income taxes (Tables)
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12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
| Income taxes |
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| Schedule of income before income tax expense |
| | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, 2025 | | | RMB | | US$ | PRC | | 466,207,421 | | 66,666,775 | Cayman | | 418,226,619 | | 59,805,611 | Others | | (145,132,065) | | (20,753,611) | Total | | 739,301,975 | | 105,718,775 |
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| Schedule of Current and Deferred Component of Income Tax Expense |
| | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, | | | 2023 | | 2024 | | | RMB | | RMB | Current income tax expense | | 64,458,408 | | 65,805,623 | Deferred income tax benefit | | (2,117,892) | | — | Total income tax expense | | 62,340,516 | | 65,805,623 |
| | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, 2025 | | | RMB | | US$ | Current income tax expense: | | | | | PRC | | 24,067,270 | | 3,441,573 | Hong Kong | | 5,673,334 | | 811,276 | United States | | 834,699 | | 119,360 | Australia | | 93,526 | | 13,374 | United Kingdom | | 5,750 | | 822 | Total current tax expense | | 30,674,579 | | 4,386,405 | | | | | | Deferred income tax expense | | — | | — | | | | | | Total income tax expense: | | | | | PRC | | 24,067,270 | | 3,441,573 | Hong Kong | | 5,673,334 | | 811,276 | United States | | 834,699 | | 119,360 | Australia | | 93,526 | | 13,374 | United Kingdom | | 5,750 | | 822 | Total income tax expense | | 30,674,579 | | 4,386,405 |
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| Schedule of Principal Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities |
| | | | | | | | | As of December 31, | | | 2024 | | 2025 | | | RMB | | RMB | | US$ | Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | | Allowance for finance lease receivable | | 1,613,414 | | 1,756,839 | | 251,225 | Allowance for other current assets | | 19,387,060 | | 27,884,637 | | 3,987,450 | Impairment loss from long-lived assets | | 385,314 | | 385,314 | | 55,099 | Guarantee liabilities | | 47,762 | | 47,762 | | 6,830 | Share-based compensation | | 34,309,231 | | 32,900,502 | | 4,704,709 | Fair value change on investments | | 105,192,397 | | 108,338,541 | | 15,492,205 | Fair value change on financial assets | | 839,617 | | 23,703,239 | | 3,389,518 | Lease liabilities | | 11,008,553 | | 1,242,650 | | 177,697 | Advertising cost | | 23,027,357 | | 24,007,530 | | 3,433,031 | Net operating loss carry forwards | | 609,993,234 | | 403,082,914 | | 57,640,090 | Total deferred tax assets | | 805,803,939 | | 623,349,928 | | 89,137,854 | Less: valuation allowance | | (759,896,561) | | (606,307,862) | | (86,700,870) | Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance | | 45,907,378 | | 17,042,066 | | 2,436,984 | Net off against deferred tax liabilities | | (45,907,378) | | (17,042,066) | | (2,436,984) | Net deferred tax assets | | — | | — | | — | Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | Right-of-use assets | | 11,113,077 | | 629,683 | | 90,044 | Fair value change on financial assets | | 34,794,301 | | 16,412,383 | | 2,346,940 | Total deferred tax liabilities | | 45,907,378 | | 17,042,066 | | 2,436,984 | Net off against deferred tax assets | | (45,907,378) | | (17,042,066) | | (2,436,984) | Net deferred tax liabilities | | — | | — | | — |
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| Schedule of changes related to valuation allowance |
| | | | | | | | | As of December 31, | | | 2024 | | 2025 | | | RMB | | RMB | | US$ | Balance at beginning of the year | | (1,008,969,418) | | (759,896,561) | | (108,663,763) | Additions | | (85,036,821) | | (65,445,776) | | (9,358,620) | Reversals | | 334,109,678 | | 219,034,475 | | 31,321,513 | Balance at end of the year | | (759,896,561) | | (606,307,862) | | (86,700,870) |
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| Schedule of Reconciliation of Income Taxes Expense |
| | | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, | | | | 2023 | | 2024 | | | | RMB | | RMB | | Income before income tax | | 101,474,055 | | 157,537,018 | | PRC statutory income tax rate | | 25 | % | 25 | % | Income tax expense at PRC statutory income tax rate | | 25,368,514 | | 39,384,255 | | Effect of different tax rates | | (25,070,403) | | (97,962,122) | | Tax exempted income | | (198,231) | | (113,208,078) | | Outside basis difference | | (215,985,749) | | — | | Expenses not deductible for tax purposes | | 36,882,867 | | 13,122,045 | | Adjustment on current income tax of the previous periods | | (18,394,143) | | — | | Non-deductible guarantee liability: | | 93,833,446 | | — | | Write-off of NOL and others | | 252,778,471 | | 450,292,380 | | Withholding income tax | | 4,427,205 | | 23,250,000 | | Changes in valuation allowance | | (91,301,461) | | (249,072,857) | | Income tax expenses | | 62,340,516 | | 65,805,623 | | Effective tax rate | | 61.4 | % | 41.8 | % |
| | | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, 2025 | | | | Amount | | Percent | | | | RMB | | % | | Income/(loss) before income tax | | 739,301,975 | | 100.0 | % | PRC statutory income tax rate | | 25.0 | % | — | | Computed income tax expense with PRC statutory income tax rate | | 184,825,494 | | 25.0 | % | | | | | | | Domestic tax effects | | | | | | Tax exempted income | | (10,955,971) | | (1.5) | % | Write-off of NOL | | 22,301,473 | | 3.0 | % | Changes in valuation allowance | | (112,048,066) | | (15.2) | % | Other | | 7,315,121 | | 1.0 | % | | | | | | | Foreign tax effects | | | | | | Hong Kong | | | | | | Statutory tax rate difference between Hong Kong and PRC | | 10,150,643 | | 1.4 | % | Tax exempted income | | (1,966,394) | | (0.3) | % | Changes in valuation allowance | | 22,856,618 | | 3.1 | % | Other | | 5,632,510 | | 0.8 | % | Cayman | | | | | | Statutory tax rate difference between Cayman and PRC | | (104,556,655) | | (14.1) | % | Other foreign jurisdictions | | 7,119,806 | | 1.0 | % | | | | | | | Total | | 30,674,579 | | 4.1 | % |
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| Schedule of Income taxes paid, disaggregated by jurisdiction |
| | | | | | | For the years ended December 31, 2025 | | | RMB | | US$ | Hong Kong | | 5,631,579 | | 805,305 | Others* (PRC, US) | | 160,420 | | 22,940 | Total | | 5,791,999 | | 828,245 |
* It represents the total amount of all other tax jurisdictions where the income taxes paid is less that 5% of the total.
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