​

  ​ ​ ​

For the Year Ended December 31, 

​

​

2023

  ​ ​ ​

2024

  ​ ​ ​

2025

​

​

RMB

​

RMB

​

RMB

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Transaction related cost ⁽ⁱ⁾

154,854,420

​

160,892,189

​

172,162,214

Employee benefits expenses

14,594,912

​

13,969,975

​

14,674,492

– Wages, salaries, bonuses, social security and others

​

11,169,313

​

10,878,600

​

11,826,858

– Share-based compensation expenses (Note 30)

​

2,589,593

​

2,252,738

​

1,963,506

– Pension costs – defined contribution plans ⁽ⁱⁱ⁾

​

836,006

​

838,637

​

884,128

Promotion, advertising and incentives

7,687,159

​

9,531,908

​

14,640,908

Expected credit losses

2,090,866

​

3,347,767

​

6,055,583

Provision for the shareholder class action lawsuit

​

—

​

—

​

5,297,364

Depreciation of property and equipment and right-of-use assets (Note 15 and Note 16)

3,821,925

​

3,026,236

​

2,823,916

Driver operation fees

2,142,690

​

2,668,220

​

2,970,350

Third party customer service expenses

1,122,836

​

1,256,259

​

1,406,763

Amortization of intangible assets (Note 18)

1,003,282

​

138,831

​

37,783

Impairment of property and equipment and other assets

​

165,159

​

24,577

​

20,067

(i)

Transaction related costs primarily consist of driver costs, insurance costs and payment processing charges related to the Group’s service offerings.

(ii)

Employees of the Group companies are required to participate in defined contribution plans administered and operated by the local governmental authorities. The Group contributes funds which are calculated on certain percentages of the employees’ salary subject to certain ceilings imposed by governmental authorities to each scheme locally.