| Loans and borrowings |
28.Loans and borrowings | | | | | | | 31 December | | 31 December | Long-term borrowings | | 2025 | | 2024 | Unsecured bank loans | | 36,529,205 | | 33,502,486 | Secured bank loans | | 12,576,314 | | 8,639,318 | Lease liabilities | | 12,520,129 | | 4,944,629 | Debt securities issued | | 61,107,212 | | 21,547,174 | | | 122,732,860 | | 68,633,607 | | | | | | | | 31 December | | 31 December | Short-term borrowings | | 2025 | | 2024 | Unsecured bank loans | | 24,366,285 | | 37,935,323 | Secured bank loans | | 1,826,138 | | 1,599,835 | Lease liabilities | | 2,964,188 | | 1,367,685 | Debt securities issued | | 6,759,655 | | 27,036,945 | | | 35,916,266 | | 67,939,788 |
The sale process of the conventional bond issuance of the Company with a nominal amount of USD 500,000, 5-year maturity, a redemption date of 24 January 2030, a fixed annual coupon rate of 7.45%, and a sales price of 100% of the nominal value, to qualified investors abroad was completed on 24 January 2025. The subscription agreement for the issuance was signed on 22 January 2025. The sale process of the sustainable bond issuance of the Company with a nominal amount of USD 500,000, 7-year maturity, a redemption date of 24 January 2032, a fixed annual coupon rate of 7.65%, and a sales price of 100% of the nominal value, to qualified investors abroad was completed on 24 January 2025. The subscription agreement for the issuance was signed on 22 January 2025. The bond issued in 2015 with a nominal amount of USD 500,000 and a maturity of 10 years was redeemed in full upon its maturity on 15 October 2025, and the related liability has been fully settled. The loan obtained on 26 October 2015 from China Development Bank with a principal amount of EUR 500,000 was redeemed in full upon its maturity on 23 October 2025, and the related liability has been fully settled. 28.Loans and borrowings (continued) Terms and conditions of outstanding loans are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 31 December 2025 | | 31 December 2024 | | | | | Interest | | Payment | | Nominal | | Carrying | | Payment | | Nominal | | Carrying | | | Currency | | rate type | | period | | interest rate | | amount | | period | | interest rate | | amount | Unsecured Bank Loans | | EUR | | Floating | | 2026-2030 | | Euribor+2.0%-Euribor+4.0% | | 35,323,659 | | 2025-2030 | | Euribor+2.0%-Euribor+4.0% | | 41,822,675 | Unsecured Bank Loans | | EUR | | Fixed | | 2026 | | 3.6%-3.95% | | 1,973,139 | | 2025 | | 5.0% | | 484,477 | Unsecured Bank Loans | | USD | | Floating | | 2026-2032 | | SOFR + 2.0% -SOFR + 2.2% | | 14,473,289 | | 2026-2029 | | Sofr+ 2.2% | | 6,690,749 | Unsecured Bank Loans | | USD | | Fixed | | 2026 | | 2.5% | | 81,699 | | 2026 | | 2.6% | | 202,358 | Unsecured Bank Loans | | TRY | | Floating | | 2026-2027 | | TLREF+2.0% | | 243,161 | | - | | - | | — | Unsecured Bank Loans | | TRY | | Fixed | | 2026 | | 36.2% - 45.5% | | 6,114,448 | | 2025-2027 | | 24.4%-67.3% | | 18,873,442 | Unsecured Bank Loans | | CNY | | Fixed | | 2026-2028 | | 5.1% - 5.5% | | 2,686,095 | | 2026-2028 | | 5.2%-5.5% | | 3,364,108 | Secured bank loans | | EUR | | Floating | | 2026-2037 | | EURIBOR+0.7% | | 2,949,366 | | 2036 | | Euribor+0.7% | | 1,472,567 | Secured bank loans | | USD | | Floating | | 2026-2028 | | SOFR + 0.6% -SOFR + 1.6% | | 689,314 | | 2026-2028 | | Sofr+0.6% & Sofr+1.6% | | 1,032,036 | Secured bank loans | | USD | | Fixed | | 2026-2033 | | 1.5% - 3.8% | | 4,296,681 | | 2029-2033 | | 1.5%-3.8% | | 5,422,323 | Secured bank loans | | CNY | | Fixed | | 2026-2034 | | 4.0% | | 6,467,091 | | 2034 | | 4.0% | | 2,312,227 | Debt securities issued | | TRY | | Fixed | | 2026 | | 37.0%-39.3% | | 2,408,283 | | 2025 | | 42.0%-49.5% | | 3,931,425 | Debt securities issued | | USD | | Fixed | | 2026-2032 | | 5.8% - 7.7% | | 65,458,584 | | 2025-2028 | | 5.8% | | 44,652,694 | Lease liabilities | | EUR | | Fixed | | 2026-2034 | | 2.9%-10.3% | | 404,831 | | 2025-2034 | | 2.9%-10.3% | | 458,601 | Lease liabilities | | TRY | | Fixed | | 2026-2070 | | 7.5%-62.3% | | 5,016,942 | | 2025-2069 | | 7.5%-62.3% | | 5,183,093 | Lease liabilities | | USD | | Fixed | | 2026-2052 | | 4.0%-11.6% | | 9,221,639 | | 2025-2037 | | 4.0 %-11.6% | | 62,174 | Lease liabilities | | BYR | | Fixed | | 2026-2028 | | 10.8%-20.0% | | 840,905 | | 2025-2037 | | 10.8%-20.0% | | 608,446 | | | | | | | | | | | 158,649,126 | | | | | | 136,573,395 |
|