Operating Expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025


9.	Operating Expenses

Total operating expenses were as follows:

The average number of persons employed by the Group during the year, analyzed by category, was as follows:

The aggregate payroll costs of these persons were as follows:

Detailed operating expenses were as follows:


	2025 $	2024 $	2023 $
For the years ended December 31,	2025 $	2024 $	2023 $
Salaries and wages	22,475	29,032	37,084
Healthcare and other benefits	1,707	2,203	2,599
Payroll taxes	1,035	1,496	1,590
Share-based payments	8,222	22,850	4,415
Total payroll costs	33,440	55,581	45,688
Amortization	1,764	1,764	1,979
Depreciation	1,585	1,807	2,955
Total amortization and depreciation expenses	3,348	3,571	4,933
Other general and administrative expenses	20,653	27,491	25,180
Other research and development expenses	45,743	54,280	73,729
Total other operating expenses	66,397	81,771	98,909
Total operating expenses	103,185	140,923	149,530

Please refer to Note 10 Share-based Payments for further disclosures related to share-based payments and Note 26. Related Parties

Transactions for management’s remuneration disclosures.