v3.26.1
Income taxes (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [abstract]  
Disclosure of temporary difference, unused tax losses and unused tax credits [text block]
03/31/202612/31/2025
Tax loss carried forward
1,206,479 
982,480 
Negative tax basis of social contribution carried forward
469,232 
381,600 
Assets - temporary differences
Provision for judicial liabilities
278,731 
269,757 
Operating provisions
423,506 
559,288 
Provisions for other losses
615,735 
619,567 
Employee benefit plans
254,323 
251,990 
Exchange rate variations
2,229,871 
3,443,822 
Amortization of fair value adjustments arising from business combinations
620,309 
620,973 
Unrealized profit on inventories
165,942 
237,740 
Leases (1)
502,970 
541,431 
6,767,098 
7,908,648 
 Liabilities - temporary differences
Goodwill - tax benefit on unamortized goodwill
1,950,178 
1,878,119 
Property, plant and equipment - deemed cost
975,823 
985,901 
Depreciation for tax-incentive reason (2)
652,610 
668,603 
Capitalized loan costs
918,046 
937,829 
Fair value of biological assets
1,344,119 
1,425,535 
Deferred taxes, net of fair value adjustments
311,032 
313,464 
Tax credits - gains from tax lawsuit (exclusion of ICMS from the PIS and COFINS basis)
110,407 
115,003 
Derivatives gains (“MtM”) (1)
1,099,998 
66,308 
Provision of deferred taxes on results of subsidiaries abroad
53,597 
Other temporary differences
13,924 
13,872 
7,429,734 
6,404,634 
Non-current assets
112,237 
1,504,014 
Non-current liabilities
774,873 
 
(1)The Company presents a net balance of derivatives and leases, as gains and losses from deferred taxes are offset simultaneously. For the derivatives line, the passive temporary difference was R$3,864,816 and asset temporary difference of R$2,764,818 (passive temporary difference was R$3,065,768 and asset temporary difference of R$3,001,133 as of December 31, 2025). For the lease line, the passive temporary difference was R$4,873,026 and asset temporary difference was R$5,375,996 (passive temporary difference was R$1,767,605 and asset temporary difference was R$2,309,036 as of December 31, 2025).
(2)Tax depreciation is taken as a benefit only in the income tax calculation bases.
Summary of Tax Credit Carryforwards
 
03/31/202612/31/2025
Tax loss carried forward
4,825,916 
3,929,920 
Negative tax basis of social contribution carried forward
5,213,689 
4,240,000 
Disclosure of deferred taxes [text block]
03/31/202612/31/2025
Opening balance
1,504,014 
7,971,419 
Tax loss carried forward
223,999 
185,649 
Negative tax basis of social contribution carried forward
87,632 
74,457 
Provision for judicial liabilities
8,974 
(55,116)
Operating provisions and other losses
(137,281)
122,493 
Exchange rate variation
(1,213,951)
(3,941,212)
Derivative (gains) losses (“MtM”)
(1,033,690)
(2,297,143)
Amortization of fair value adjustments arising from business combinations
1,768 
23,905 
Unrealized profit on inventories
(71,798)
(301,417)
Leases
(38,461)
(65,513)
Goodwill - tax benefit on unamortized goodwill
(72,059)
(288,232)
Property, plant and equipment - deemed cost
10,078 
80,982 
Depreciation accelerated for tax-incentive reason
15,993 
65,037 
Capitalized loan costs
19,783 
9,653 
Fair value of biological assets
81,416 
(108,440)
Deferred taxes on the results of subsidiaries abroad
(53,597)
 
Credits on exclusion of ICMS from the PIS/COFINS tax base
4,596 
22,925 
Other temporary differences
(52)
4,567 
Closing balance
(662,636)
1,504,014 
Disclosure of Reconciliation of Effects of Income Tax and Social Contribution on Profit or Loss
03/31/202603/31/2025
Net income (loss) before taxes
6,391,572
9,955,248
Income tax and social contribution benefit (expense) at statutory nominal rate of 34%
(2,173,134)
(3,384,784)
Tax effect on permanent differences
Impact of the taxation difference on profit of associates in Brazil and abroad (1)
94,815
(283,517)
Equity method
(6,926)
(5,806)
Credit related to Reintegra Program
2,463
2,912
Director bonuses
(3,441)
(11,912)
Tax incentives (Note 12.3)
2,195
67,802
Other exclusions permanent
4,447
8,235
(2,079,581)
(3,607,070)
Income tax
Current
88,836
(57,542)
Deferred
(1,594,376)
(2,592,733)
(1,505,540)
(2,650,275)
Social Contribution
Current
(1,299)
(9,558)
Deferred
(572,742)
(947,237)
(574,041)
(956,795)
Income tax and social contribution result for the period
(2,079,581)
(3,607,070)
(1)The difference in the taxation of subsidiaries is substantially due to the differences between the nominal tax rates in Brazil and those of subsidiaries located abroad.
Disclosure of Tax Incentives
16.3 Tax incentives
The Company benefits from a tax incentive for partial reduction of the income tax obtained from operations carried out in areas under the jurisdiction of the Northeast Development Superintendence (“SUDENE”) and the Superintendence of Amazon Development (“SUDAM”). The IRPJ reduction incentive is calculated based on the activity profits (exploitation profits) and considers the allocation of the operating profit based on the incentive production levels for each product.
Area/RegionsCompanyMaturity
Northeast Development Superintendence (“SUDENE”)


Aracruz (ES)

Portocel
2030
Aracruz (ES)

Suzano
2031
Imperatriz (MA)

Suzano
2032
Mucuri (BA)

Suzano
2032
São Luís (MA)

Itacel
2033
Eunápolis (BA)
Veracel
2033
Superintendence of Amazon Development (“SUDAM”)


Belém (PA)

Suzano
2034