| Income Tax Expense |
| | For the years ended December 31, | | | | 2025 | | | % | | | 2024 | | | % | | | 2023 | | | % | | Net loss before income taxes | | $ | (1,820,183 | ) | | | | | $ | (9,077,795 | ) | | | | | $ | (5,451,112 | ) | | | | Canadian federal income tax rate | | | 15.0 | % | | | | | | 15.0 | % | | | | | | 15.0 | % | | | | Canadian Income tax recovery at statutory income tax rate | | | (273,028 | ) | | | (15 | ) | | | (1,361,669 | ) | | | (15 | ) | | | (817,667 | ) | | | (15 | ) | Effect of non- deductible expenses and other items: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Alberta income tax recovery (8%)1. | | | (145,615 | ) | | | (8 | ) | | | (726,224 | ) | | | (8 | ) | | | (436,089 | ) | | | (8 | ) | Fair value remeasurement of convertible debentures2. | | | 1,246,256 | | | | 68 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | Stock-based compensation and other expenses2. | | | 170,327 | | | | 9 | | | | 92,142 | | | | 1 | | | | 58,801 | | | | 1 | | Foreign income taxes3. | | | 496,965 | | | | 27 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | Foreign exchange adjustments | | | (68,226 | ) | | | (4 | ) | | | 160,597 | | | | 2 | | | | 2,754 | | | | 0 | | Change in estimates | | | (57,879 | ) | | | (3 | ) | | | (14,841 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (10,060 | ) | | | 0 | | Expiry of 2015 foreign tax credits4. | | | 215,230 | | | | 12 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | US loss expiry and other | | | 1,193 | | | | 0 | | | | 1,530 | | | | 0 | | | | 437,330 | | | | 8 | | Change in valuation allowance | | | (1,088,258 | ) | | | 59 | | | | 1,848,465 | | | | (20 | ) | | | 764,931 | | | | (14 | ) | Current tax expense | | | 496,965 | | | | 27 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
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| Valuation Allowance |
| | For the years ended December 31, | | | | 2025 | | | 2024 | | | 2023 | | Net operating losses carried forward: | | | | | | | | | | Canada and Alberta (expiration dates 2031 to 2044) | | $ | 9,451,820 | | | $ | 11,076,403 | | | $ | 9,594,511 | | USA (expirations in 2026) | | | 2,106 | | | | 3,921 | | | | 5,631 | | Property & equipment, Lease obligations and | | | | | | | | | | | | | Financing | | | 1,962,496 | | | | 2,008,844 | | | | 1,959,426 | | SRED Expenditures | | | 676,518 | | | | 676,518 | | | | 676,518 | | Foreign Tax Credit | | | 451,549 | | | | 285,772 | | | | 285,772 | | | | | 12,544,489 | | | | 14,051,458 | | | | 12,521,858 | | Intellectual property and Right of Use Assets | | | (2,053,503 | ) | | | (2,472,214 | ) | | | (2,791,079 | ) | Less valuation allowance | | | (10,490,986 | ) | | | (11,579,244 | ) | | | (9,730,779 | ) |
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