
	At June 30, 2026
($ in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount (1)
Intangible asset class:
Capitalized software	$	1,458	$	(482)	$	977
Client relationships	13,331		(6,202)		7,128
Completed technology	8,925		(4,556)		4,369
Patents/trademarks	2,139		(740)		1,399
Other (2)	139		(58)		81
Total	$	25,992	$	(12,037)	$	13,955


	At December 31, 2025
($ in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount (1)
Intangible asset class:
Capitalized software	$	1,388	$	(424)	$	964
Client relationships	11,261		(5,602)		5,659
Completed technology	7,399		(4,096)		3,304
Patents/trademarks	2,030		(665)		1,365
Other (2)	139		(40)		99
Total	$	22,218	$	(10,827)	$	11,391

(1)Amounts at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 include a decrease in the net intangible asset balance of $34 million and an increase in the net intangible asset balance of $182 million, respectively, due to foreign currency translation.

(2)Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and non-proprietary technology licenses, data, business processes, methodologies and systems.

The net carrying amount of intangible assets increased $2,564 million during the first six months of 2026, primarily due to additions of acquired intangibles from Confluent of $3,834 million in the first quarter of 2026 and additions of capitalized software, partially offset by intangible asset amortization. The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $817 million and $1,535 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and $687 million and $1,328 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2026, the company retired $258 million of fully amortized intangible assets, impacting both the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization by this amount.

The future amortization expense relating to intangible assets currently recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheet was estimated to be the following at June 30, 2026:


($ in millions)	Capitalized Software		Acquired Intangibles		Total
Remainder of 2026	$	276	$	1,357	$	1,633
2027	428		2,666		3,094
2028	237		2,361		2,598
2029	36		1,680		1,716
2030	—		1,241		1,241
Thereafter	—		3,673		3,673


($ in millions)	Balance		Goodwill Additions		Purchase Price Adjustments				Foreign Currency Translation and Other Adjustments (1)		Balance
Segment	1/1/2026						Divestitures				6/30/2026
Software	$	52,987	$	7,152	$	4	$	—	$	(292)	$	59,850
Consulting	10,341		89		(13)		—		(47)		10,369
Infrastructure	4,389		—		1		—		(11)		4,379

Total	$	67,717	$	7,240	$	(9)	$	—	$	(350)	$	74,599


($ in millions)	Balance		Goodwill Additions		Purchase Price Adjustments				Foreign Currency Translation and Other Adjustments (1)		Balance
Segment	1/1/2025						Divestitures				12/31/2025
Software	$	47,136	$	5,004	$	(8)	$	—	$	855	$	52,987
Consulting	9,206		908		10		—		217		10,341
Infrastructure	4,363		—		0		0		26		4,389

Total	$	60,706	$	5,912	$	1	$	0	$	1,098	$	67,717

Goodwill additions recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2026 were primarily driven by the acquisition of Confluent. Refer to note 5, “Acquisitions & Divestitures,” for additional information.

There were no goodwill impairment losses recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2026 or the year ended December 31, 2025 and the company has no accumulated impairment losses. Purchase price adjustments recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025 were related to acquisitions that were still subject to the measurement period that ends at the earlier of 12 months from the acquisition date or when information becomes available. Net purchase price adjustments recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025 were not material.