During the first quarter of 2024, Eaton implemented a multi-year restructuring program to accelerate opportunities to optimize its operations and global support structure. These actions will better align the Company's functions to support anticipated growth and drive greater effectiveness throughout the Company. Since the inception of the program, the Company has incurred charges of $397 million. This restructuring program is expected to be completed in 2026 and is expected to incur additional expenses related to workforce reductions of $60 million and plant closing and other costs of $18 million, resulting in total estimated charges of $475 million for the entire program.

A summary of restructuring program charges is as follows:


	Three months ended June 30				Six months ended June 30
(In millions except for per share data)	2026		2025		2026		2025
Workforce reductions	$	18	$	7	$	42	$	19
Plant closing and other	6		17		20		23
Total before income taxes	24		24		62		42
Income tax benefit	5		5		13		9
Total after income taxes	$	19	$	18	$	49	$	33
Per ordinary share - diluted	$	0.05	$	0.05	$	0.13	$	0.08

Restructuring program charges (income) related to the following business segments:


	Three months ended June 30				Six months ended June 30				Restructuring program charges incurred from inception through
(In millions)	2026		2025		2026		2025		June 30, 2026
Electrical Americas	$	10	$	9	$	11	$	10	$	38
Electrical Global	9		5		40		19		191
Aerospace	—		—		—		—		19
Mobility	(2)		4		3		6		98
Corporate	6		6		9		7		51
Total	$	24	$	24	$	62	$	42	$	397

A summary of liabilities related to workforce reductions, plant closing, and other associated costs is as follows:


(In millions)	Workforce reductions		Plant closing and other		Total
Balance at January 1, 2024	$	35	$	6	$	41
Liability recognized, net	120		83		202
Payments, utilization and translation	(59)		(81)		(141)
Balance at December 31, 2024	96		7		103
Liability recognized, net1	81		52		133
Payments, utilization and translation	(67)		(51)		(118)
Balance at December 31, 2025	109		8		118
Liability recognized, net	42		20		62
Payments, utilization and translation	(43)		(21)		(65)
Balance at June 30, 2026	$	108	$	7	$	115

1The restructuring program liability was adjusted by $12 million in the fourth quarter of 2025 primarily related to true-ups for completed workforce reductions in the Mobility business segment.

These restructuring program charges (income) were included in Cost of products sold, Selling and administrative expense, Research and development expense, or Other expense (income) - net, as appropriate. In Business Segment Information, these restructuring program charges are treated as Corporate items. See Note 15 for additional information about business segments.